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Electro-optic 3D snapshot of a laser wakefield accelerated kilo-ampere electron bunch

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 823-834页

作者： Kai Huang Zhan Jin Nobuhiko Nakanii Tomonao Hosokai Masaki Kando kansai Institute for Photon Science(KPSI) National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology(QST)KyotoJapan. Laser Accelerator R&D Innovative Light Sources DivisionRIKEN SPring-8 CenterHyogoJapan. SANKEN Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan

Laser wakefield acceleration,as an advanced accelerator concept,has attracted great attentions for its ultrahigh acceleration gradient and the capability to produce high brightness electron *** three-dimensional(3D)density serves as an evaluation metric for the particle bunch quality and is intrinsically related to the applications of an *** its significance,this parameter has not been experimentally measured in the investigation of laser wakefield *** report on an electro-optic 3D snapshot of a laser wakefield electron bunch at a position outside the *** 3D shape of the electron bunch was detected by simultaneously performing optical transition radiation imaging and electro-optic *** 3D structures to a few micrometer levels were reconstructed using a genetic *** electron bunch possessed a transverse size of less than 30 *** current profile shows a multi-peak *** main peak had a duration of1 *** maximum electron 3D number density was~9×10^(21)m^(-3).This research demonstrates a feasible way of 3D density monitoring on femtosecond kilo-ampere electron bunches,at any position of a beam transport line for relevant applications.

关键词： laser acceleration field

Operationally Simple Enantioselective Silane Reduction of Ketones by the [Ir(OMe)(cod)]₂/Azolium Catalytic System

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 1-19页

作者： Satoshi Sakaguchi Chika Nagao Ryo Ichihara Shogo Matsuo Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry Materials and Bioengineering Kansai University Suita Japan

An operationally simple protocol was designed for the enantioselective silane reduction (ESR) of ketones using air- and moisture-stable [Ir(OMe)(cod)]2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) (3) as a metal catalyst precursor. This reaction was driven by chiral hydroxyamide-functionalized azolium salt 2. The catalytic ESR reaction could be performed under benchtop conditions at room temperature. Treatment of 2 with 3 in THF yielded the monodentate IrCl(NHC)(cod) (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complex 4 in 93% yield, herein the anionic methoxy ligand of 3 serves as an internal base that deprotonates the azolium ring of 2. The well-defined Ir complex 4 catalyzed the ESR reaction of propiophenone (6) with (EtO)2MeSiH using the pre-mixing reaction procedure. Based on this success, the catalytic ESR reaction was designed and implemented using an in situ-generated NHC/Ir catalyst derived from 2 and 3. Thus, a wide variety of aryl ketones could be reduced to the corresponding optically active alcohols in moderate to excellent stereoselectivities at room temperature without temperature control. Since the high catalytic activity of 3 was observed, we next evaluated several other transition metal catalyst precursors for the catalytic ESR reaction under the influence of 2. This evaluation revealed that Ir(acac)(cod) (acac = acetylacetonate) (28) and [IrCl(cod)]2 (5) can be successfully used as metal catalyst precursors in the ESR reaction.

关键词： Asymmetric Catalysis Enantioselective Reduction Hydrosilylation Reaction N-Heterocyclic Carbene Iridium

The optimal stent pusher position to achieve successful ureteral stent insertion under fluoroscopic guidance

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 311-315页

作者： Makoto Taguchi Kaneki Yasuda Hidefumi Kinoshita Department of Urology Osaka Saiseikai Izuo Hospital Based on Social Welfare Organization“Saiseikai”Imperial Gift Foundation Inc.OsakaJapan Department of Urology and Andrology Kansai Medical UniversityHirakataOsakaJapan

Objective: To examine factors to predict the optimal stent pusher position when inserting ureteral stents under ***: We retrospectively reviewed 327 patients who underwent ureteral stent insertion. We considered the pubic bone as a useful anatomical landmark to insert ureteral stents under fluoroscopic guidance. Thus, we categorized patients into three groups (proximal, middle, and distal groups) according to the position of the radiopaque tip of the push catheter when inserting the ureteral stent. Success was defined as a completely curled ureteral stent tail. We compared stent insertion success rates among the three groups. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting stent insertion ***: In men, 36 (63.2%) cases were deemed successful in the proximal group compared with 40 (80.0%) cases in the middle group and 12 (20.7%) cases in the distal group (p<0.001). In women, 26 (45.6%) cases were deemed successful in the proximal group compared with 54 (98.2%) cases in the middle group and 38 (76.0%) cases in the distal group (p<0.001). With the multivariate analysis, the stent pusher position was the most significant factor influencing successful stent insertion (men: odds ratio 6.00, 95% confidence interval 2.66-13.51, p<0.001;women: odds ratio 37.80, 95% confidence interval 4.94-289.22, p<0.001).Conclusion: The position of the stent pusher affects stent insertion success. The middle of the pubic symphysis is the optimal position for the radiopaque tip of the pusher when inserting ureteral stents under fluoroscopic guidance.

关键词： Stent Cystoscopy Fluoroscopy Ureter

Quantitative analysis of CO_(2) embodiment in international trade:An overview of emerging literatures

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 12-19页

作者： Xianbing LIU Can WANG kansai research centre Institute for Global Environmental Strategies(IGES)Kobe 651-0073Japan Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The increasing volume of CO_(2) embodiment in international trade adds a layer of complexity to environmental policies and has raised arguments on the traditional production based responsibility for CO_(2) *** order to help understand the quantity of CO_(2) embodiment in trade and its policy implications,this paper gives observations to recently emerging literatures that quantitatively discuss CO_(2) embodiment in *** analytical approaches share the principle of using input and output modeling but vary dramatically in study boundary and estimation *** calculations can be roughly categorized into three types:direct quantification of CO_(2) embodiments in multiregional trade,direct quantification of CO_(2) embodiment in bilateral trade,and indirect analysis by comparing the scenarios with or without *** practical estimations strongly rely on trade partner selection and data *** obvious imbalance of net CO_(2) embodiment in the commodity trade between major developed countries and developing economies as a whole was confirmed by these *** taxes and other possible limitations on CO_(2) emissions have been *** consistency across the calculations could be enhanced by systematic analyses in more detail to convince the international community to take binding commitments for the reduction of global CO_(2) emissions.

关键词： CO_(2)embodiment international trade quantitative estimation analytical approach

Metrology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in ～1022W/cm2 laser-plasma experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期 95-110页

作者： E.A.Vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura T.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.D.Armstrong T.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan T.M.Jeong S.Singh P.Hadjisolomou O.Finke G.M.Grittani M.Nevrkla C.M.Lazzarini A.Velyhan T.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda J.K.Koga M.Ishino K.Kondo Y.Miyasaka A.Kon M.Nishikino Y.V.Nosach D.Khikhlukha I.P.Tsygvintsev D.Kumar J.Nejdl D.Margarone P.V.Sasorov S.Weber M.Kando H.Kiriyama Y.Kato,G.Korn K.Kondo S.V.Bulanov T.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELI Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC kansai Institute for Photon Science (KPSI) Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFC Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary research Initiatives Osaka University HB11 Energy Holdings Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong University Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Plasma Physics ASCR FZU±Institute of Physics ASCR Czech Technical University in Prague Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine ISTEQ AR

Tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a～1022W/cm2laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 J total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approximately1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm thick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best in-focus target position with approximately 5μm accuracy （i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length）and show that several diagnostics （in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays） can ensure this *** demonstrated target positioning within several micrometers from the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast （it requires 10±20 laser shots） and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

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Thermal Properties of Al-50%Si Alloys

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 180-182页

作者： Akio Nishimoto Katsuya Akamatsu Kazuyoshi Nakao Kazuo Ichii Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka Japan

In order to prepare a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy with low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), Al-50%Si alloy was produced by powder metallurgy (P/M) and ingot metallurgy (I/M). P/M specimen was prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and pulsed electric-current sintering (PECS). The microstructures of specimens were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Vickers microhardness and CTE measurements were performed. The grains in the P/M specimen were refined with increasing MA time. Primary Si and eutectic Si in the I/M specimen were remarkably refined by adding minute amounts of Sr. The CTE of P/M and I/M specimens were estimated as ***"6 and 10.7xlO"6, respectively. These values were as same as a CTE of AlaOs ceramics.

关键词： Al-Si合金热膨胀系数焙烧浇铸锶增加

Optimal Restoration Scheduling of Damaged Networks Under Uncertain Environment by Using Improved Genetic Algorithm

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 400-405页

作者： Hitoshi FURUTA Ken ISHIBASHI Koichiro NAKATSU Shun HOTTA Department of Informatics Kansai University Graduate School of Informatics Kansai University

The purpose of this research is to propose an early restoration for lifeline systems after earthquake disasters. The previous researches show that the optimization of the restoration schedule by using genetic algorithm (GA) is powerful. However, those are not considering the uncertain environment after earthquake disasters. The circumstances of the damage at devastated areas are very changeable due to the aftershock, fire disaster and bad weather. In addition, the restoring works may delay by unexpected accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the restoration schedule which has robustness, because the actual restoring works could not progress smoothly under the uncertain environment. GA considering uncertainty (GACU) can treat various uncertainties involved, but it is difficult to obtain the robust schedule. In this study, an attempt is made to develop a decision support system of the optimal restoration scheduling by using the improved GACU.

关键词： restoration schedule genetic algorithm uncertainty delay of schedule

Assessment of Control Configurations for a General Heat Integrated Distillation Column

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2000年第4期8卷 339-346页

作者：黄克谨钱积新中岩勝中根■ 高松武一郎 National Institute of Materials and Chemical research Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan Institute of Industrial Technology Kansai University Suita 564-8680 Japan

The assessment of control configurations for an ideal heat integrated distillation column incorporated with an overhead condenser and a bottom reboiler (general HIDiC) is addressed in this work. It is found that double ratio control configuration, (L/D, V/B), is still the best one among all the possibilities. The control configuration,(Pr - Ps, q), appears to be a feasible one for the general HIDiC and the pressure difference between the rectifying and the stripping sections and feed thermal condition are expected to be consistent manipulative variables for the process. The performance of the general HIDiC can be substantially improved by employing effective multivariable control algorithms.

关键词： distillation control configuration interaction disturbance rejection closed-loop simulation

Modeling and Analysis of Internal Heat Integrated Distillation Columns

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1999年第1期7卷 67-76页

作者：黄克谨战德志中岩勝中根尧高松武一郎 Department of Chemical Systems National Institute of Materials and Chemical ResearchTsukuba 305Japan Institute of Industrial Technology Kansai UniversitySuita 564Japan

A generalized steady-state model is being developed for an internal heat integrated distillation column (IHIDiC). A procedure incorporating the Newton-Raphson method is devised for solving the model equations. Separation of an ethanol-water binary mixture is simulated and analyzed with the model. Two pinch points are found within the process, making the separation extremely difficult and expensive. Two sharp fronts in the temperature and the composition profiles are being observed. With the introduction of heat integration, satisfactory separation may be obtained in a limited number of stages with lower reflux ratios. Increasing the pressure difference between the rectifying and the stripping sections, however, would bring about a reduced relative volatility between the two components involved, creating adverse separation performances. It is obvious that optimization of the IHIDiC is of prime importance.

关键词： distillation heat integration energy conservation pinch point process modeling static simulation