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A Comparison of Citation Disciplinary Structure in Science between the G7 Countries and the BRICS Countries

Journal of Data and Information Science 2018年第3期3卷 14-31页

作者： Ting Yue Liying Yang Per Ahlgren Jielan Ding Shuangqing Shi Rainer Frietsch National Science library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China kth library KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyOsquars backe 25Stockholm10044Sweden library of Peking University Health Science Center Beijing100083China Fraunllofer Institute for Sysiems and Innovation Research ISI KarlsruheGermany

Purpose： This study aims to compare the characteristics of citation disciplinary structure between the G7 countries and the BRICS ***/Methodology/Approach： In this contribution, which uses about 1 million Web of Science publications and two publications years（1993 and 2013）, we compare the G7 countries and the BRICS countries with regard to this type of structure. For the publication year 2013, cosine similarity values regarding the citation disciplinary structures of these countries（and of nine other countries） were used as input to cluster analysis. We also obtained cosine similarity values for a given country and its citation disciplinary structures across the two publication years. Moreover, for the publication year 2013, the within-country JeffreysMatusita distance between publication and citation disciplinary structure was measured. Research limitations： First, the citation disciplinary structures of countries depend on multiple and complex factors. It is therefore difficult to completely explain the formation and change of the citation disciplinary structure of a country. This study suggests some possible causes, whereas detailed explanations might be given by future research. Second, the length of the citation window used in this study is three years. However, scientific disciplines differ in their citation practices. Comparison between citations across disciplines using the same citation window length may affect the citation discipline structure results for some *** limitations： First, the results of this study are based on the WoS database. However, in this database some fields are covered to a greater extent than others, which may affect the results for the citation discipline structure for some studied countries. In future research, we might repeat this study using another database（like Scopus） and, in that case, we would like to make comparisons between the two outcomes. Second, the use of a constant journal setyielded that

关键词： Citation disciplinary structure Country Bibliometrics

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Document Type Profiles in Nature, Science, and PNAS： Journal and Country Level

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2016年第3期1卷 27-41页

作者： Jielan Ding Per Ahlgren Liying Yang Ting Yue National Science library Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE) KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm 10044 Sweden

Purpose： In this contribution, we want to detect the document type profiles of the three prestigious journals Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States （PNAS） with regard to two levels： journal and country. Design/methodology/approach： Using relative values based on fractional counting, we investigate the distribution of publications across document types at both the journal and country level, and we use （cosine） document type profile similarity values to compare pairs of publication years within countries. Findings： Nature and Science mainly publish Editorial Material, Article, News Item and Letter, whereas the publications of PNAS are heavily concentrated on Article. The shares of Article for Nature and Science are decreasing slightly from 1999 to 2014, while the corresponding shares of Editorial Material are increasing. Most studied countries focus on Article and Letter in Nature, but on Letter in Science and PNAS. The document type profiles of some of the studied countries change to a relatively large extent over publication years. Research limitations： The main limitation of this research concerns the Web of Science classification of publications into document types. Since the analysis of the paper is based on document types of Web of Science, the classification in question is not free from errors, and the accuracy of the analysis might be *** implications： Results show that Nature and Science are quite diversified with regard to document types. In bibliometric assessments, where publications in Nature and Science play a role, other document types than Article and Review might therefore be taken into account. Originality/value： Results highlight the importance of other document types than Article and Review in Nature and Science. Large differences are also found when comparing the country document type profiles of the three journals with the corresponding profiles in all Web of Science journals.

关键词： Country Document type profile Nature Science Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

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Identification and Preliminary Characterization of a New Chemical Affecting Glucosyltransferase Activities Involved in Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 977-989页

作者： Olga Zabotina Erik Maim Georgia Drakakaki Vincent Bulone Natasha Raikhel Institute for Integrative Genome Biology Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA92521 USA School of Biotechnology Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) AlbaNova University Center Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden Present address: Department of Biochemistry Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50014 USA

Chemical genetics as a part of chemical genomics is a powerful and fast developing approach to dissect biological processes that may be difficult to characterize using conventional genetics because of gene redundancy or lethality and, in the case of polysaccharide biosynthesis, plant flexibility. Polysaccharide synthetic enzymes are located in two main compartments--the Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane-and can be studied in vitro using membrane fractions. Here, we first developed a high-throughput assay that allowed the screening of a library of chemicals with a potential effect on glycosyltransferase activities. Out of the 4800 chemicals screened for their effect on Golgi glucosyltransferases, 66 compounds from the primary screen had an effect on carbohydrate biosynthesis. Ten of these compounds were confirmed to inhibit glucose incorporation after a second screen. One compound exhibiting a strong inhibition effect （ID 6240780 named chemical A） was selected and further studied. It reversibly inhibits the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose by Golgi membranes, but activates the plasma membrane-bound callose synthase. The inhibition effect is dependent on the chemical structure of the compound, which does not affect endomembrane morphology of the plant cells, but causes changes in cell wall composition. Chemical A represents a novel drug with a great potential for the study of the mechanisms of Golgi and plasma membrane-bound glucosyltransferases.

关键词： cell walls callose synthase chemical screening and identification glycosyltransferase Golgi plasma membrane

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Integrated silicon ohotonic MEMS

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第2期9卷 227-248页

作者： Niels Quack Alain Yuji Takabayashi Hamed Sttari Pieirre Edinger Gaehun Jo Simon JBleker Carlos Errando-Herranz Kristinn BGylfason Frank Niklaus Umar Khan Peter Verheyen Arun Kumar Malik Jun Su Lee Moises Jezzini Padraic Morrissey Cleitus Antony Peter O'Brien Wim Bogaertso Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL) 1015 LausanneSwitzerland school of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology(CSEM) 2002 NeuchatelSwitzerland Division of Micro and Nanosystems KTH Royal Institute of Technology11428 StockholmSweden Department of Information Technology Photonics Research GroupGhent University-IMECTechnologiepark-Zwijnaarde 1269052 GentBelgium imec vzw.3DSIP Department Si Photonics GroupKapeldreef 753001 LeuvenBelgium Tyndall National Institute Lee Maltings Complex Dyke ParadeCork T12 R5CPIreland

Silicon photonics has emerged as a mature technology that is expected to play a key role in critical emerging applications,including very high data rate optical communications,distance sensing for autonomous vehicles,photonic-accelerated computing,and quantum information *** success of silicon photonics has been enabled by the unique combination of performance,high yield,and high-volume capacity that can only be achieved by standardizing manufacturing ***,standardized silicon photonics technology platforms implemented by foundries provide access to optimized library components,including low-loss optical routing,fast modulation,continuous tuning,high-speed germanium photodiodes,and high-effciency optical and electrical ***,silicon's relatively weak electro-optic effects result in modulators with a significant footprint and thermo-optic tuning devices that require high power consumption,which are substantial impediments for very large-scale integration in silicon *** systems(MEMS)technology can enhance silicon photonics with building blocks that are compact,low-loss,broadband,fast and require very low power ***,we introduce a silicon photonic MEMS platform consisting of high-performance nano-opto-electromechanical devices fully integrated alongside standard silicon photonics foundry components,with wafer-level sealing for long-term reliability,flip-chip bonding to redistribution interposers,and fibre-array attachment for high port count optical and electrical *** experimental demonstration of fundamental silicon photonic MEMS circuit elements,including power couplers,phase shifters and wavelength-division multiplexing devices using standardized technology lifts previous impediments to enable scaling to very large photonic integrated circuits for applications in telecommunications,neuromorphic computing,sensing,programmable photonics,and quantum computing.

关键词： tuning sealing photonics

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