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Improved Quantile Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Electric Vehicle Battery Temperature Prediction

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 512-530页

作者： Andreas M.Billert Runyao Yu Stefan Erschen Michael Frey Frank Gauterin karlsruhe institute of technology(kit) Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germanyand also with Bayerische Motoren Werke(BMW)AGMunich 80788Germany Technical University of Munich(TUM) Munich 80333Germany BMW AG Munich 80788Germany kit Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany

The battery thermal management of electric vehicles can be improved using neural networks predicting quantile sequences of the battery *** work extends a method for the development of Quantile Convolutional and Quantile Recurrent Neural Networks(namely Q*NN).Fleet data of 225629 drives are clustered and balanced,simulation data from 971 simulations are augmented before they are combined for training and *** Q*NN hyperparameters are optimized using an efficient Bayesian optimization,before the Q*NN models are compared with regression and quantile regression models for four *** analysis of point-forecast and quantile-related metrics shows the superior performance of the novel Q*NN *** median predictions of the best performing model achieve an average RMSE of 0.66°C and R^(2) of *** predicted 0.99 quantile covers 98.87%of the true values in the test *** conclusion,this work proposes an extended development and comparison of Q*NN models for accurate battery temperature prediction.

关键词： deep learning battery temperature convolutional and recurrent neural network quantile forecasting

Regulation of gene-edited plants in Europe:from the valley of tears into the shining sun?

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 231-238页

作者： Holger Puchta Department of Molecular Biology Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter Institute for Plant SciencesKarlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 476131 KarlsruheGermany

Some 20 years ago,the EU introduced complex regulatory rules for the growth of transgenic crops,which resulted in a de facto ban to grow these plants in fields within most European *** the rise of novel genome editing technologies,it has become possible to improve crops genetically in a directed way without the need for incorporation of foreign ***,in 2018,the European Court of Justice ruled that such gene-edited plants are to be regulated like transgenic *** then,European scientists and breeders have challenged this decision and requested a revision of this outdated ***,after 5 years,the European Commission has now published a proposal on how,in the future,to regulate crops produced by new breeding *** proposal tries to find a balance between the different interest groups in *** one side,genetically modified plants,which cannot be discerned from their natural counterparts,will exclusively be used for food and feed and are-besides a registration step-not to be regulated at *** the other side,plants expressing herbicide resistance are to be excluded from this regulation,a concession to the strong environmental associations and NGOs in ***,edited crops are to be excluded from organic farming to protect the business interests of the strong organic sector in ***,if this law passes European parliament and council,unchanged,it will present a big step forward toward establishing a more sustainable European agricultural ***,it might soon be possible to develop and grow crops that are more adapted to global warming and whose cultivation will require lower amounts of ***,there is still a long way to go until the law is *** often,the storm of arguments raised by the opponents,based on irrational fears of mutations and a naive understanding of nature,has fallen on fruitful ground in Europe.

关键词： Genetically modified organism Cisgenesis Gene editing CRISPR/Cas Regulation

Enhanced photoluminescence of a microporous quantum dot color conversion layer by inkjet printing

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7717-7725页

作者： Junchi Chen Qihao Jin Yidenekachew.J.Donie Orlando.T.Perales Dmitry Busko Bryce.S.Richards Uli Lemmer Light technology institute(LTI) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engesserstrasse 1376131 KarlsruheGermany Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota(UMN)421 Washington Ave.SEMinneapolisMN 55455-0132USA institute for Microstructure technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Owing to their high color purity,tunable bandgap,and high efficiency,quantum dots(QDs)have gained significant attention as color conversion materials for high-end display ***,inkjet-printed QD pixels show great potential for realizing full-color mini/micro-light emitting diode(micro-LED)-based *** a color conversion layer,the photoluminescence intensity of QDs is limited by the insufficient absorptance of the excitation light due to the lack of *** scatterers,such as titanium dioxide microparticles,have been applied after additional surface engineering for sufficient dispersity to prevent nozzle clogging in inkjet printing *** our work,as an alternative approach,we use inkjet printing for depositing a phase separating polymer ink based on polystyrene(PS)and polyethylene glycol(PEG).QD/polymer composite pixels with scattering micropores are *** morphology of the micropores can be tailored by the weight ratio between PS and PEG which enables the manipulation of scattering *** the presence of the microporous structure,the photoluminescence intensity of the QD film is enhanced by 110%in drop-cast films and by 35.3%in inkjet-printed QD pixel arrays compared to the reference samples.

关键词： porous structure inkjet printing phase separation quantum dots display technology

Towards an enhanced understanding of the particle size effect on conversion/alloying lithium-ion anodes

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 150-164页

作者： Jakob Asenbauer Dominik Horny Mayokun Olutogun Katrin Schulz Dominic Bresser Helmholtz institute Ulm(HIU) 89081 UlmGermany karlsruhe institute of technology(kit) 76021 KarlsruheGermany institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences 76133 KarlsruheGermany

Conversion/alloying materials(CAMs)represent a potential alternative to graphite as a Li-ion anode active material,especially for high-power *** far,however,essentially all studies on CAMs have been dealing with nano-sized particles,leaving the question of how the performance(and the de-/lithiation mechanism in general)is affected by the particle ***,we comparatively investigate four different samples of Zn_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O with a particle size ranging from about 30 nm to a few *** results show that electrodes made of larger particles are more susceptible to fading due to particle displacement and particle *** results also show that the conversion-type reaction in particular is affected by an increasing particle size,becoming less reversible due to the formation of relatively large transition metal(TM)and alloying metal nanograins upon lithiation,thus hindering an efficient electron transport within the initial particle,while the alloying contribution remains essentially *** generality of these findings is confirmed by also investigating Sn_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(2) as a second CAM with a substantially greater contribution of the alloying reaction and employing Fe instead of Co as a TM dopant.

关键词： particle size conversion alloying anode lithium-ion battery

Comprehension-driven design of advanced multi-block single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes for high-performance lithium-metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 357-359页

作者： Xu Dong Dominic Bresser Helmholtz institute Ulm(HIU) Helmholtzstrasse 1189081 UlmGermany karlsruhe institute of technology(kit) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

The continuously growing importance of batteries for powering(hybrid)electric vehicles and storing renewable energy has prompted a renewed focus on lithium-metal batteries(LMBs)in recent years,as its high theoretical specific capacity of about 3860 mA h g^(-1) and very low redox potential(-3.04 V *** standard hydrogen electrode)promise substantially higher energy densities compared to current lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)[1].However,lithium metal electrodes face severe challenges associated with the risk of dendritic lithium deposition and the high reactivity with traditional organic liquid electrolytes,resulting in a continuous loss of electrochemically active lithium and a relatively low Coulombic efficiency[2].To address these challenges,solid inorganic and polymer electrolytes have emerged as a potentially saferalternative.

关键词： lithium polymer prompt

n-Alkane bound biomarker fingerprints from asphaltenes in the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin,Nigeria:Source and genetic implications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 85-91页

作者： Modupe A.Egbeola Olubunmi C.Adeigbe Olajide J.Adamolekun Department of Geology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Structural Geology and Tectonics Institute of Applied GeosciencesKIT-Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyAdenauerring 20a76131KarlsruheGermany

The asphaltene fractions of the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin in Nigeria,were analyzed by flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography(Py-GC)method in order to unravel its geochemical history and *** distributions of the initial biomarkers of the original oils from the pyrolysates are related to the assessment of organic matter source,paleo-redox conditions and source environment during ***,it effectively establishes the genetic relationship of the *** n-alkane distributions in the pyrolysates reveal nC_(9)-nC_(32)n-alkanes,maximizing at nC_(14),isoprenoids-pristane(Pr)and phytane(Ph),and some n-alkene *** peaks of low to medium-weight nC_(9)-nC20 n-alkanes and low peaks of nC_(21)+n-alkanes characterize the *** reveal that abundant algal organic matter with some terrigenous inputs contributed to the source rock of the *** high concentration of marine organic matter inputs to the source rock is further confirmed by the nC_(17)/nC27 ratios which range from 5.39 to 19.82 and shows the predominance of nC_(17)*** general unimodal n-alkane distributions in the bitumens indicate derivation from similar organic matter types showing that they are genetically *** anoxic to suboxic environmental conditions that prevailed during the deposition of the sediments is revealed by the isoprenoids,Pr/Ph ratios(0.72-1.28).Pristane/nC_(17)and Phytane/nC_(18)range from 0.16 to 0.33 and 0.22 to 0.56,revealing that the bitumens were from predominantly marine organic matter(type II kerogen)preserved in a reducing environment with no evidence of ***,the Ph/nC_(18)ratio and the cross plot of Pr+Ph/nC_(17)+nC_(18)allow the classification of the bitumens into two subfamilies/groups(A and B).The bitumen samples have low wax content as indicated by the degree of waxiness ranging from 0.21 to 0.38 which confirms low terrigenous *** on the carbon preference index(CPI:0.92 to 1.55)and odd-even predo

关键词： Genetic relationship Flash pyrolysis Biomarker Asphaltene Pyrolysates

Recycled graphite for more sustainable lithium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 15-24页

作者： Mayokun Olutogun Anna Vanderbruggen Christoph Frey Martin Rudolph Dominic Bresser Stefano Passerini Helmholtz institute Ulm(HIU) Ulm Germany karlsruhe institute of technology(kit) KarlsruheGermany Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology(HIF)FreibergGermany ProGraphite GmbH UntergriesbachGermany Chemistry Department Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

The demand for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is driven largely by their use in electric vehicles,which is projected to increase dramatically in the *** great success,however,urgently calls for the efficient recycling of LIBs at the end of their ***,we describe a froth flotation-based process to recycle graphite—the predominant active material for the negative electrode—from spent LIBs and investigate its reuse in newly assembled *** has been found that the structure and morphology of the recycled graphite are essentially unchanged compared to pristine commercial anode-grade graphite,and despite some minor impurities from the recycling process,the recycled graphite provides a remarkable reversible specific capacity of more than 350 mAh g^(−1).Even more importantly,newly assembled graphite‖NMC532 cells show excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 80%after 1000 cycles,that is,comparable to the performance of reference full cells comprising pristine commercial graphite.

关键词： anode graphite lithium-ion battery recycling sustainability

Restraining growth of Zn dendrites by poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium cations in aqueous electrolytes

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3735-3747页

作者： Xiang-Xin Zhang Yuan-Qiang Chen Chang-Xin Lin Yuan-Sheng Lin Guo-Lin Hu Yong-Chuan Liu Xi-Lai Xue Su-Jing Chen Zhan-Lin Yang Bai-Sheng Sa Yi-Ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Helmholtz institute Ulm(HIU) 89081 UlmGermany karlsruhe institute of technology(kit) 76021 KarlsruheGermany College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

Metallic zinc is an excellent anode material for Zn-ion batteries,but the growth of Zn dendrite severely hinders its practical ***,an efficient and economical cationic additive,poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium(PDDA) was reported,used in aqueous Zn-ion batteries electrolyte for stabilizing Zn *** growth of zinc dendrites can be significantly restrained by benefiting from the pronounced electrostatic shielding effect from PDDA on the Zn metal ***,the PDDA is preferentially absorbed on Zn(002) plane,thus preventing unwanted side reactions on Zn *** to the introduction of a certain amount of PDDA additive into the common ZnSO_(4)-based electrolyte,the cycle life of assembled Zn‖Zn cells(1 mA·cm^(-2) and 1 mAh·cm^(-2)) is prolonged to more than 1100 *** response to the perforation issue of Zn electrodes caused by PDDA additives,the problem can be solved by combining foamy copper with zinc *** real application,Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors and MnO_(2)‖Zn cells were assembled,which exhibited excellent cycling stability with PDDA *** work provides a new solution and perspective to cope with the dendrite growth problem of Zn anode.

关键词： PDDA Electrostatic shielding effect Zn anode Zn dendrites

Enhanced activity and durability of FeCoCrMoCBY nanoglass in acidic hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2024年第3期170卷 212-220页

作者： Mengyang Yan Shuangqin Chen Shangshu Wu Xuechun Zhou Shu Fu Di Wang Christian Kübel Horst Hahn Si Lan Tao Feng Herbert Gleiter institute of Nanoscience School of Material Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76021Germany

In the present work,a multi-element nanoglass(m-NG)of FeCoCrMoCBY is obtained first time by the laser ablation combined with inert gas condensation(laser-IGC)*** with the conventional rapid-quenched metallic glass(MG)with identical composition,the Fe-based m-NG demonstrates a superior performance as a self-supported electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in acidic *** enhanced HER activity of m-NG is proposed to be closely related to its high en-ergy states,which is originated from the unique inhomogeneous nanostructures with a high density of low-coordinated ***,the Fe-based m-NG exhibits an outstanding comprehensive catalytic performance even beyond the commercial Pt/C catalyst in long-term test due to its self-optimization *** work not only opens the way to the preparation of m-NGs by the novel laser-IGC technique,but also makes a great contribution to developing low-cost,high-efficient,and super-durable HER electrocat-alysts in acidic environment.

关键词： Nanoglass Inert gas condensations High energy states Hydrogen evolution reactions