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The effect of mining face＇s direction on the observed seismic activity

international Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第3期3卷 322-329页

作者： Witold Pytel Joanna Switon Adrian Wojcik kghm Cuprum Ltd. Research and Development Centre 53-659 Wroclaw Poland kghm Polish Copper Ltd. O/ZG Rudna Department 59-100 Polkowice Poland

A major natural hazard associated with LGOM (Legnica-Glogow Copper Mining) mining is the dynamic phenomena occurrence, physically observed as seismic tremors. Some of them generate effects in the form of relaxations or bumps. Long-term observations of the rock mass behaviour indicate that the degree of seismic hazard, and therefore also seismic activity in the LGOM area, is affected by the great depth of the copper deposit, high-strength rocks as well as the ability of rock mass to accumulate elastic energy. In this aspect, the effect of the characteristics of initial stress tensor and the orientation of considered mining panel in regards to its components must be emphasised. The primary objective of this study is to answer the question, which of the factors considered as “influencing” the dynamic phenomena occurrence in copper mines have a statistically significant effect on seismic activity and to what extent. Using the general linear model procedure, an attempt has been made to quantify the impact of different parameters, including the depth of deposit, the presence of goaf in the vicinity of operating mining panels and the direction of mining face advance, on seismic activity based on historical data from 2000 to 2010 concerned with the dynamic phenomena recorded in different mining panels in Rudna mine. The direction of mining face advance as well as the goaf situation in the vicinity of the mining panel are of the greatest interest in the case of the seismic activity in LGOM. It can be assumed that the appropriate manipulation of parameters of mining systems should ensure the safest variant of mining method under specific geological and mining conditions.

关键词：地震活动区回采工作面长期观测操作面板开采动态一般线性模型推进方向自然灾害

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Numerical investigation of the hydraulic fracturing mechanisms in oil sands

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Underground Space 2021年第2期6卷 195-216页

作者： Siavash Taghipoor Morteza Roostaei Arian Velayati Atena Sharbatian Dave Chan Alireza Nouri Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaCanada kghm international 1010 Lorne StSudburyON P3C 4R9Canada RGL Reservoir Management Inc. 690842 StLeducAB T9E 0R8Canada

This paper presents a numerical investigation of hydraulic fracturing in oil sands during cold water injection by considering the aspects of both geomechanics and reservoir fluid *** to previous studies,the low shear strengths of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated sandstone reservoirs significantly influence the hydraulic fracturing ***,classical hydraulic fracture models cannot simulate the fracturing process in weak sandstone *** the current numerical models,the direction of a tensile fracture is predetermined based on in situ stress ***,the potential transformation of a shear fracture into a tensile fracture and the potential reorientation of a tensile fracture owing to shear banding at the fracture tip have not yet been addressed in the *** this study,a smeared fracture technique is employed to simulate tensile and shear fractures in oil *** model used combines many important fracture features,which include the matrix flow,poroelasticity and plasticity modeling,saturation-dependent permeability,gradual degradation of the oil sands as a result of dilative shear deformation,and the tensile fracturing and shear failure that occur with the simultaneous enhancement of ***,sensitivity analyses are also performed with respect to the reservoir and geomechanical parameters,including the apparent tensile strength and cohesion of the oil sands,magnitude of the minimum and maximum principal stress,absolute permeability and elastic modulus of the oil sands and ramp-up *** these analyses are performed to clarify the influences of these parameters on the fracturing response of the oil sands.

关键词： Smeared fracture Hydraulic fracturing Numerical simulation Oil sand

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