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Adult bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in a longleaf pine savanna

ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 206-217页

作者： Andrew R.Little L.Mike Conner Michael J.Chamberlain Nathan P.Nibbelink Robert J.warren warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia180 E.Green StAthensGA 30602USA joseph w.jones ecological research center at ichauway NewtonGeorgia 39870USA

Background:Pine savannas are primarily managed with frequent prescribed fire(≤3 years)to promote diversity of flora and fauna,and to maintain open,park-like conditions needed by species such as the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker(Picoides borealis).However,a knowledge gap exists in our understanding of bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in longleaf pine savannas and research is warranted to direct our future management ***:we examined bobcat habitat selection in a pine savanna managed with frequent fires at two spatial scales(i.e.,study area boundary[hereafter,landscape scale])and annual area of use[95%kernel density;local scale],and assessed effects of prescribed fire on bobcat habitat ***,we monitored 45 bobcats(16 males and 29 females)during 2001–***:we found differential habitat selection by *** the landscape scale,female bobcats were closer to mixed pine-hardwoods,young pine,and secondary roads,but farther from mature pine and hardwoods stands relative to *** found no difference in selection of agriculture,shrub-scrub,and primary roads between *** the annual area of use scale,female bobcats were closer to secondary roads,but farther from agriculture and shrub-scrub relative to *** found no difference in selection of mature pine,mixed pine-hardwoods,hardwoods,young pine,and primary roads between *** primarily selected for stands burned≤1.1 years ***:Our results show that bobcats exploit a broad range of habitat types in pine landscapes managed with frequent fire and commonly use recently burned stands(≤1.1 year post-fire),suggesting prey in many areas of this system are at risk of bobcat ***,we suggest land managers consider scale of selection by bobcats when developing habitat management strategies.

关键词： Georgia Habitat selection Lynx rufus Pinus palustris Prescribed fire

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Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

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ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 38-47页

作者： Andrew R.Little Nathan P.Nibbelink Michael J.Chamberlain LMike Conner Robert J.warren warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia180 E.Green St.AthensGA 30602USA joseph w.jones ecological research center at ichauway NewtonGeorgia 39870USA

Introduction:Reproductive success is a critical factor affecting avian demographics and can be influenced by many factors including nesting chronology,predation risk,and fine-scale nest site ***:we modeled the relative influences of habitat-related covariates at six spatial scales(nest site:15-,40-,80-,120-,160-,and 200-m radii)on Eastern wild turkey(Meleagris gallopavo silvestris)nest site selection in two pine savannas managed by frequent prescribed fire(≤3 years)in southwestern Georgia during ***:Nest site(15-m scale)habitat metrics(mean visual obstruction[cm]and canopy closure[%])had the greatest influence on nest site selection relative to covariates measured at larger spatial *** odds ratios suggested that nests were 26.8% more likely to occur for every 10 cm increase in mean vegetation height with a range of 7.5 to 150.0 cm and 18.5% less likely to occur for every 10% increase in canopy closure with a range from 0.0 to 97.8%.Total ground cover,canopy closure,edge density,and percent land cover type(e.g.,mature pine,mixed pine/hardwood,shrub/scrub)had minimal influence on nest site ***:Management of pine savannas for turkey nest sites should focus on creating early-successional vegetation to conceal nests from potential ***,we suggest that future studies consider evaluating the influence of spatial scale on turkey nest site selection.

关键词： Georgia Land cover Meleagris gallopavo silvestris Multi-scale Nest site selection Pinus palustris Radio-telemetry

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Influence of climate fluctuations on Pinus palustris growth and drought resilience

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 681-689页

作者： Joao Campoa Joshua Puhlick CENSE–center for Environmental and Sustainability research CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteDepartment of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringNOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCampus de Caparica2829-516 CaparicaPortugal The jones center at ichauway 3988 Jones Center Drive39870NewtonGAUSA

The longleaf pine(Pinus palustris Mill.)ecosystem is an endangered ecosystem in the southeastern USA,and efforts to restore the species are ***,in recent decades,the region has experienced drastic fluctuations between wet and dry growing season conditions from year to year,and it is not fully understood how these fluctuations have influenced the growth of *** address this topic,we cored *** trees in woodlands of southwest Georgia and used dendrochronology techniques to determine how climate fluctuations have influenced the growth and drought resilience of *** also cored slash pine(Pinus elliottii Engelm.)trees in the same woodlands to compare growth between *** *** growth was less impacted by adverse climate conditions compared to ***,the strength of correlations between *** growth and temperature,precipitation,and Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)changed over *** recent decades,climate conditions during the growing season became more influential on *** growth than the previous year's *** is concerning given that drought severity during the growing season has been *** results also indicate that *** was less resilient to droughts during the 2000s and 2010s than to those of the *** this new climate paradigm,our results suggest that *** might be more susceptible to growth reductions and less resistant to droughts than once *** work highlights the importance of understanding the impact of novel climate conditions on *** and has implications for restoration efforts,such as using silvicultural treatments that reduce tree vulnerability to drought(e.g.,thinning)and promote other climate-adapted species in mixture with ***.

关键词： Longleaf pine Slash pine Pinus elliottii Climate change Dendrochronology Dendroclimatology Forest disturbances

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A comparison of animal color measurements using a commercially available digital color sensor and photograph analysis

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Current Zoology 2020年第6期66卷 601-606页

作者： Alex D.Potash Daniel U.Greene Gabrielle A.Foursa Verity L.Mathis L.Mike Conner Robert A.McCleery Department of wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural ScienceGainesvilleFL 32611USA weyerhaeuser Company Environmental Research SouthColumbusMS 39701USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA The jones center at ichauway NewtonGA 39870USA

An animal's pelage,feather,or skin color can serve a variety of functions,so it is important to have multiple standardized methods for measuring *** of the most common and reliable methods for measuring animal coloration is the use of standardized digital photographs of *** tech no logy in the form of a commercially available handheld digital color sensor could provide an alter native to photography-based animal color *** determine whether a digital color sensor could be used to measure animal coloration,we tested the ability of a digital color sensor to measure coloration of mammalian,avian,and lepidopteran museums *** compared results from the sensor to measurements taken using traditional photography *** study yielded significant differences between photography-based and digital color sensor measurements of brightness(light to dark)and colors along the green to red *** was no difference between photographs and the digital color sensor measurements for colors along the blue to yellow *** average difference in recorded color(AE)by the 2 methods was above the threshold at which humans can perceive a *** were sign讦icant correlations between the sensor and photographs for all measurements indicating that the sensor is an effective animal coloration measuring ***,the sensor's small aperture and narrow light spectrum range designed for human-vision limit its value for ecological *** discuss the conditions in which a digital color sensor can be an effective tool for measuring animal coloration in both laboratory settings and in the field.

关键词： animal coloration color measurement comparative method digital photography museum specimens Nix color sensor

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Effects of larval size and hydrodynamics on the growth rates of the black fly Simulium tribulatum

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第1期9卷 61-69页

作者： Michelle T.BRANNIN Mary Kate O’DONNELL Jonathan FINGERUT Patrick center for Environmental research Academy of Natural Sciences of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Biology Saint Joseph’s University PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Black flies are ubiquitous and important members of lotic *** is known to affect many aspects of their life in the aquatic larval stage,including intraspecific competition for feeding *** filter feeders,flow affects their ability to feed and reach sufficiently fast ***,in turn,can lead to risky fluid-mediated disper-sal behavior in search of better *** is surprising,therefore,that little information is available regard-ing how physiological and environmental factors combine to affect larval growth *** present study deter-mines the relative growth rates of small(0.6 mm)and large(approximately 4 mm)larvae in laboratory flumes designed to produce spatially homogeneous and temporally consistent flow regimes at ecologically relevant ve-locities(44 and 64 cm/s).Our results indicate that size and flow both influence growth rates and that the 2 in-teract *** larvae exhibit faster growth rates and a greater positive response to increased flow *** result might help explain why smaller larvae have a greater propensity to disperse than larger lar-vae:the benefit of increased growth rate that they receive from relocating to faster flow might balance the risks inherent in dispersal.

关键词： black fly larvae flow rate growth rate larval size

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The neuro-glial coagulonome: the thrombin receptor and coagulation pathways as major players in neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2019年第12期14卷 2043-2053页

作者： Shany G.Gofrit Efrat Shavit-Stein Department of Neurology and joseph Sagol Neuroscience center Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

The neuro-glial interface extends far beyond mechanical support alone and includes interactions through coagulation cascade proteins. Here, we systematically review the evidence indicating that synaptic and node of Ranvier glia cell components modulate synaptic transmission and axonal conduction by a coagulation cascade protein system, leading us to propose the concept of the neuro-glial coagulonome. In the peripheral nervous system, the main thrombin receptor protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is located on the Schwann microvilli at the node of Ranvier and at the neuromuscular junction. PAR1 activation effects can be both neuroprotective or harmful, depending on thrombin activity levels. Low physiological levels of thrombin induce neuroprotective effects in the Schwann cells which are mediated by the endothelial protein C receptor. High levels of thrombin induce conduction deficits, as found in experimental autoimmune neuritis, the animal model for Guillaine-Barre syndrome. In the central nervous system, PAR1 is located on the peri-synaptic astrocyte end-feet. Its activation by high thrombin levels is involved in the pathology of primary inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis, as well as in other central nervous system insults, including trauma, neoplasms, epilepsy and vascular injury. Following activation of PAR1 by high thrombin levels the seizure threshold is lowered. On the other hand, PAR1 activation by lower levels of thrombin in the central nervous system protects against a future ischemic insult. This review presents the known structure and function of the neuro-glial coagulonome, focusing on coagulation, thrombin and PAR1 in a pathway which may be either physiological (neuroprotective) or detrimental in peripheral nervous system and central nervous system diseases. Understanding the neuro-glial coagulonome may open opportunities for novel pharmacological interventions in neurological diseases.

关键词： thrombin protease activated receptor 1 protease nexin 1 glia node of Ranvier synapse epilepsy glioblastoma Guillaine-Barre syndrome

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Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors serve as sensitive targets that mediate β-amyloid neurotoxicity

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第10期27卷 1277-1286页

作者： Qiang LIU Jie wU Division of Neurology,Barrow Neurological Institute,St joseph’s Hospital and Medical center,Phoenix,Arizona 85013,USA Division of Neurology Barrow Neurological Institute St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix USA

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of brain dementia characterizedby the accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) and loss of forebrain cholinergicneurons.Aβ accumulation and aggregation are thought to contribute to cholin-ergic neuronal degeneration,in turn causing learning and memory deficits,but thespecific targets that mediate Aβ neurotoxicity remain ***,accumu-lating lines of evidence have demonstrated that Aβ directly modulates the func-tion of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs),which leads to thenew hypothesis that neuronal nAChRs may serve as important targets that medi-ate Aβ *** this review,we summarize current studies performed inour laboratory and in others to address the question of how Aβ modulates neu-ronal nAChRs,especially nAChR subunit function.

关键词： nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β-amyloid peptides neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease

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Caspase-1:an important player and possible target for repair of the blood-brain barrier underlying neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration research 2021年第12期16卷 2390-2392页

作者： Daniel Rand Itzik Cooper The joseph Sagol Neuroscience center Sheba Medical CenterRamat-GanIsrael Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel-Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael School of Psychology Interdisciplinary Center(IDC)HerzliyaIsrael The Nehemia Rubin Excellence in Biomedical research-The TELEM Program Sheba Medical CenterTel-HashomerIsrael

Our ageing population is bearing an increasing burden on society with an unprecedented rise in brain disease,especially *** for neurodegeneration is practically nonexistent,one major reason being the bloodbrain barrier(BBB).The BBB is a crucial component in maintaining a healthy brain as it protects the brain from the entrance of toxins and removes them from the brain’s vicinity,providing proper clearance.

关键词： neurodegeneration barrier remove

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Diabetes as a consequence of acute pancreatitis

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第31期29卷 4736-4743页

作者： Ericka Charley Brett Dinner Kimberly Pham Neil Vyas Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University-St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center PhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States

Diabetes is a highly prevalent disease that was initially simplified into three major types:Type 1,type 2 and gestational *** the global rise in incidence of acute pancreatitis(AP),a lesser-known type of diabetes referred to as diabetes of the exocrine pancreas(DEP)is becoming more ***,there is a poor understanding of the inherent relationship between diabetes and *** is established data about certain diseases affecting the exocrine function of the pancreas which can lead to *** specifically,there are well established guidelines for diagnosis and management of DEP caused be chronic ***,the sequelae of AP leading to diabetes has limited recognition and *** purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the prevalence,epidemiology,pathophysiology and future research aims of APrelated *** addition,we propose a screening and diagnostic algorithm to aid clinicians in providing better care for their patients.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Type 3c diabetes Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas Sequelae of acute pancreatitis Screening and diagnostic algorithm

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Effect of pumping chamber on performance of non-overload centrifugal pump

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第8期22卷 2989-2997页

作者：谷云庆牟介刚代东顺郑水华吴登昊蒋兰芳施瀚昱 wANG Evan College of Mechanical and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Engineering research center of Process Equipment and Its Re-manufacturing of Ministry of Education(Zhejiang University of Technology) Zhijiang College Zhejiang University of Technology Institut National Polytechnique of Grenoble Joseph Fourier University

In order to specify the characteristics of un-overloaded centrifugal pumps, the IH100-65-200 pump was chosen as the model pump. Different calculation models for centrifugal pumps were established under different pumping chamber sectional parameters. In the numerical simulation of the centrifugal pumps flow field, the shaft power, head, efficiency, and the changes of the internal flow field under different sectional areas and sectional shapes were studied with the RNG k-ε turbulence model, and the influence of the pumping chamber section characteristics of the non-overloaded centrifugal pumps were analyzed. The results show that sectional areas have a significant impact on the non-overload characteristics of centrifugal pumps. The shaft power and head of centrifugal pump are increasing with a lager sectional area, by which the gradient of head curves decreases. The efficiency is improved under a large flow rate condition, but the head and the efficiency are reduced at a small flow rate. It is also observed that the sectional shapes have less influence on the shaft power, the hydraulic performance and flow field characteristics of a centrifugal pump.

关键词： centrifugal pumps sectional area sectional shape non-overload characteristics numerical simulation

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