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Plant essential oils combined with organic acids restored lipopolysaccharide-induced leaky intestine via gut microbial modulation in weaned piglets

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ANIMAL NUTrITION 2024年第3期18卷 419-432页

作者： Zheng, Xiaoyu Wang, Yibo Zhou, Xuemei deng, Tanyi Zhao, Yueqi Fu, Zhichao Wei, Yulong Ma, Wen Zhang, Shihai Guan, Wutai Chen, Fang South China Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci State Key Lab Swine & Poultry Breeding Ind Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China South China Agr Univ Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China South China Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China South China Agr Univ Natl Engn Res Ctr Breeding Swine Ind Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China

Intestine derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is closely related to systemic inflammation and disorders, yet little is known about its roles in the weanling stress of piglets and its potential as a nutritional intervention target. This study aimed to investigate the potential of essential oils (EO) and organic acids (OA) in mitigating weaning stress in piglets by modulating the circulation of intestine derived LPS. Seventytwo weaned piglets at 21 d old with body weight of 8.12 +/- 0.168 kg were randomly divided into a control group (CON) and an experimental group, each consisting of six pens with six piglets per pen, and were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 3 kg/t OA + 500 g/t EO (EO + OA). On the 14th day of the feeding trial, 12 weaned piglets were randomly selected from the CON group, and 6 piglets were selected from the experimental group. Based on diet composition and stress treatment, these 18 piglets were divided into the following three groups: 1) CON group. Piglets were fed a basal diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of saline as a control. 2) LPS group. Piglets were fed a basal diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (100 mg/kg body weight) to induce stress. 3) EO + OA + LPS group. Piglets were fed a basal diet supplemented with EO and OA and received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (100 mg/kg body weight) to induce stress. The results showed that EO + OA significantly ameliorated the oxidative imbalance and inflammation disorder induced by LPS in piglets' serum and intestine by inhibiting the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLr4)/nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-kB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, compared to the LPS group, supplementation with EO + OA restored LPS-induced reductions in Bcl-2 protein expression in the piglets' intestines (P P d mitigated morphological damage; it also enhanced both the protein expression and relative gene expression of

关键词： Weaned piglet Essential oil Organic acid Gut microbiota Lipopolysaccharide WEANING STrESS BArrIEr HEALTH

Low Temperature Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze Oxides for Li-ion Storage

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CHEMICAL rESEArCH IN CHINESE UNIVErSITIES 2024年第5期40卷 922-926页

作者： Xu, Chengxin Zhang, Wenda Lou, Chenjie Li, Chengyu Xu, Ligang Shi, Yongchao Liu, Jie Luo, Huajie Fu, Jipeng Kuang, Xiaojun Tang, Mingxue Guilin Univ Technol Coll Chem & Bioengn Guangxi Key Lab Electrochem & Magnetochem Funct Ma Guilin 541006 Peoples R China Ctr High Pressure Sci & Technol Adv res Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Guilin Univ Technol Key Lab New Proc Technol Nonferrous Met & Mat Guangxi Key Lab Opt & Elect Mat & Devices Coll Mat Sci & EngnMinist Educ Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Mat Sci & Engn Minist Educ Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Key Lab Adv Mat & Devices Postmoore Chips Minist Educ Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Jiliang Univ Inst Optoelect Mat & Devices Key Lab Rare Earth Optoelect Mat & Devices Zhejian Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China

Nb-based tungsten bronze oxides have emerged as attractive materials in various fields, owing to the structural openings and simple synthesis method. In this work, the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) NaWNbO6 was prepared by solid state reaction at a relatively low temperature of 775 degrees C. The local structure was systematically studied by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMr) with the aid of transition electronic microscopy (TEM). The analysis indicates that NaWNbO6 has pentagonal, square, and triangular tunnels. Notably, square tunnels were partly occupied (50%) by Na, which creates the ability for the Li-ion storage with a volumetric capacity of 210 Addle dot>hddle dot>L-1 at 0.2 C. The 2d Na-23-Na-23 EXSY results further suggest the ability of ions to fast exchange between the tetragonal and pentagonal tunnels, resulting in a high-rate performance 20 C.

关键词： Tetragonal tungsten bronze Solid-state Na-23 NMr Nb-93 NMr spectrum Fast ion exchange

Hybrid HMX multi-level assembled under the constraint of 2d materials with efficiently reduced sensitivity and optimized thermal stability

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dEFENCE TECHNOLOGY 2024年第9期39卷 123-132页

作者： Song, Xiaomin Huang, Longjin Peng, rufang Huang, Qi Xu, Jinjiang Sun, Jie China Acad Engn Phys Inst Chem Mat Mianyang 621900 Peoples R China Southwest Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Environm Friendly Energy Mat Mianyang 621010 Peoples R China

The interfacial interaction between HMX molecules and coating materials is the key to the safety performance of explosives and has received extensive attention. However, screening suitable coating agents to enhance the interfacial effect to obtain high-energy and low-sensitivity explosives has long been a major challenge. In this work, HMX-PEI/rGO/g-C3N4 (HPrGC) composites were innovatively prepared by a multi-level coating strategy of two-dimensional graphite rGO and g-C3N4. The g-C3N4 used for desensitization has a rich pi-conjugated system and shows outstanding ability in reducing friction sensitivity. The hierarchical structure of HPrGC formed by electrostatic self-assembly and pi-pi stacking can effectively dissipate energy accumulation under heat and mechanical stimulation through structural evolution, thus exhibiting a prominent synergistic desensitization effect on HMX. The results show that rGO/g-C3N4 coating has no effect on the crystal structure and chemical structure of HMX. More importantly, the perfect combination of g-C3N4 and rGO endows HPrGC with enhanced thermal stability and ideal mechanical sensitivity (IS: 21 J, FS: 216 N). Obviously, the new fabrication of HPrGC enriches the variety of desensitizer materials and helps to deepen the understanding of the interaction between explosives and coatings.r /> (c) 2024 China Ordnance Society. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi CommunicationsCo. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-Nd license

关键词： HMX-PEI/rGO/g-C 3 N 4 Electrostatic self-assembly p stacking Synergistic desensitization GrAPHENE OXIdE CrYSTALS NANOCOMPOSITES COMPOSITES dENSITY IMPACT

direct assimilation of simulated radar re fl ectivity for typhoon In-fa using EnKF: Issue with state variables updating

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TrOPICAL CYCLONE rESEArCH ANd rEVIEW 2024年第1期13卷 24-32页

作者： Wang, Ziyue Luo, Jingyao Li, Hong Zhu, Yijie Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci State Key Lab Severe Weather Key Lab Atmospher Chem CMA Beijing Peoples R China China Meteorol Adm Shanghai Typhoon Inst Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China China Meteorol Adm Key Lab Numer Modeling Trop Cyclones Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China

Using a convective scale WrF-GSI system and a re fl ectivity observation operator based on the double-moment microphysics (Thompson) scheme, simulated radar re fl ectivity data are produced and then directly assimilated with EnKF through Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) for the case of typhoon In-Fa (2021). We examined the ability of the EnKF to simultaneously estimate state variables and conducted sensitivity tests to evaluate the impact of updating different state variables. The results show that updating a full set of analysis variables can help obtain highly precise initial fi elds in the model and improve typhoon forecast skills. Excluding the horizontal wind update will affect the adjustment of the temperature fi eld and the sea level pressure fi eld during the cyclic assimilation process. Updating the variables directly related to the re fl ectivity operator alone could adjust hydrometers well, but the positive impact arising from the assimilation quickly vanishes during the forecast. In addition, this study also includes a quantitative rMSE analysis for each variable during the assimilation cycle and compares the effect of each schemes on different variables. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communication Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-Nd license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： radar re fl ectivity data EnKF direct assimilation State variables ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTEr MULTICASE COMPArATIVE-ASSESSMENT LEVEL-II dATA PArT II TOrNAdIC THUNdErSTOrMS CLOUd ANALYSIS FOrT-WOrTH MICrOPHYSICS rEFLECTIVITY PrEdICTION

Artificial parasin I protein (API) supplementation improves growth performance and intestinal health in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

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ANIMAL NUTrITION 2024年第3期18卷 154-165页

作者： Zou, Congzhi Zhao, Wanxin Yin, Shenggang Xiang, Xiaoyu Tang, Jiayong Jia, Gang Che, Lianqiang Liu, Guangmang Chen, Xiaoling Tian, Gang Cai, Jingyi Kang, Bo Zhao, Hua Sichuan Agr Univ Anim Nutr Inst Key Lab Anim Dis Resistance Nutr Minist Agr & Rura Key Lab Anim Dis Resistance NutrMinist EducKey L Chengdu 611130 Peoples R China Sichuan Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Chengdu 611130 Peoples R China

diarrheas are common risks faced by piglets during the weaning period. This study investigated the alleviating effects of artificial parasin I protein (API) on growth performance and intestinal health of weaned pigs upon enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge. Sixty piglets were randomly divided into five groups and fed a basal diet (CON) or basal diet supplemented with API at 0, 750, and 1500 mg/kg or antibiotics for 5 weeks. On d 15 and 25, piglets were challenged with ETEC K88 except for the CON group. Before the ETEC challenge (d 1-14), dietary API supplementation improved growth performance, and 750 mg API increased (P rage daily gain (AdG), decreased (P d to gain ratio (F/G) and diarrhea index of weaned piglets. ETEC challenge (during d 15-35) reduced growth performance and increased (P diarrhea rate, and diarrhea index. This event was accompanied by the numerically increased malondialdehyde (MdA) levels in serum and ileum, the decreased (P dens-1 (ZO-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the ileum, and the increased (P 1/4 0.04) secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) protein in the ileum. Artificial parasin I protein supplementation alleviated the negative impact of ETEC. The 750 mg/kg API inclusion elevated (P dG and decreased (P decreased (P diarrhea rate and diarrhea index. Meanwhile, API inclusion decreased (P rypt depth in the jejunum, elevated (P duodenum and villus height to crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and ileum, up-regulated (P d down-regulated (P d 1500 mg/kg API decreased (P d down-regulated (P rthermore, 750 mg/kg API elevated (P dobacteria population and acetic acid concentrations in the cecal chyme. In conclusion, API supplementation alleviates the negative impa

关键词： Artificial parasin I protein Growth performance Intestinal barrier diarrhea Weaned piglet IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A ANTIBOdIES TIGHT JUNCTION PrOTEINS MICrOBIAL-POPULATIONS BArrIEr FUNCTION HISTONE H2A FATTY-ACId SYSTEM INFLAMMATION HOMEOSTASIS MOrPHOLOGY

Secondary bile acids are associated with body lipid accumulation in obese pigs

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ANIMAL NUTrITION 2024年第3期18卷 246-256页

作者： Hu, Yaolian Wu, Aimin Yan, Hui Pu, Junning Luo, Junqiu Zheng, Ping Luo, Yuheng Yu, Jie He, Jun Yu, Bing Chen, daiwen Sichuan Agr Univ Anim Nutr Inst Key Lab Anim Dis Resistant Nutr Minist Educ Yaan 625014 Peoples R China

The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for the differences in lipid accumulation between lean and obese pigs. The bile acids with varying levels within two types of pigs were found and then in vitro experiments were conducted to identify whether these bile acids can directly affect lipid accumulation. Fourteen pigs, including seven lean and seven obese pigs with body weights of approximately 80 kg, were fed the same diet at an amount approximately equivalent to 3% of their respective body weights daily for 42 d. In vitro, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in medium with high glucose levels and were differentiated into mature adipocytes using differentiation medium. Then, bile acids were added to mature adipocytes for 4 d. The results showed that there was a difference in body lipids levels and gut microbiota composition between obese and lean pigs (P rding to the results of gut microbial function prediction, the bile acid biosynthesis in colonic digesta of obese pigs were different from that in lean pig. Sixty-five bile acids were further screened by metabolomics, of which 4 were upregulated (P d 2 were downregulated (P red to lean pigs. The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated that chenodeoxycholic acid-3-b-d-glucuronide b- d-glucuronide (CdCA-3Gln) and a- muricholic acid (a a- MCA) had a negative correlation with abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat rate, while isoallolithocholic acid (IALCA) was positively associated with crude fat in the liver and abdominal fat rate. There was a positive correlation between loin muscle area and CdCA-3Gln and a- MCA (P P r, IALCA and 3-oxodeoxycholic acid (3-oxo-dCA) were negatively associated with loin eye muscle area (P d increased the gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPArG ) and the number of lipid droplets (P romoting the lipid storage when IALCA was added

关键词： Lean or obese pig Lipid accumulation Bile acid profile Gut microbiota dIET-INdUCEd OBESITY GUT MICrOBIOTA AdIPOSE-TISSUE PPAr-GAMMA METABOLISM QUALITY PErFOrMANCE EXPrESSION rECEPTOr CArCASS

Programmable photonic rF filters based on an integrated Fabry-Pérot laser with a saturable absorber

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 214-220页

作者：徐真真刘奕彤刘嘉慧王玲孙文韬孙振兴陈向飞 Key laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation of the Ministry of Education&National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures&College of Engineering and Applied Sciences&Institute of Optical Communication Engineering&Nanjing University-Tongding joint lab for Large-Scale Photonic Integrated Circuits Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the programmable photonic radio frequency(rF)filters based on an integrated Fabry-Pérot laser with a saturable absorber(FP-SA).Owing to the high output power and the relative flatness spectrum of the FP-SA laser,only a waveshaper and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier(EdFA)were needed,which can greatly reduce the complexity of the *** sinc filter employed 87 taps,representing a record-high tap number and resulting in a 3-d B bandwidth of 0.27 GHz and a quality factor of ***,Gaussian apodization enabled the out-of-band rejection of the filter to reach 34 d B and the center frequency to be finely tuned over a wide range,spanning from 4 to 14 *** results indicate that the proposed scheme could provide a promising guideline for the photonic rF filters that demand both high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity.

关键词： microwave filters microwave photonics passively mode-locked laser

High-pressure capacity expansion and water injection mechanism and indicator curve model for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs

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PETrOLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 511-519页

作者： Chen, Lixin Jia, Chengzao Zhang, rujie Yue, Ping Jiang, Xujian Wang, Junfang Su, Zhou Xiao, Yun Lv, Yuan China Univ Petr Inst Unconvent Oil & Gas Sci & Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Southwest Petr Univ State Key Lab Reservoir Geol & Dev Chengdu 610500 Peoples R China Tarim Oil field Co PetroChina Korla 841000 Peoples R China

Water injection for oil displacement is one of the most effective ways to develop fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs. With the increase in the number of rounds of water injection, the development effect gradually fails. The emergence of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology allows increased production from old wells. Although high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology has been implemented in practice for nearly 10 years in fractured-vuggy reservoirs, its mechanism remains unclear, and the water injection curve is not apparent. In the past, evaluating its effect could only be done by measuring the injection-production volume. In this study, we analyze the mechanism of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection. We propose a fluid exchange index for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection and establish a discrete model suitable for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curves in fractured-vuggy reservoirs. We propose the following mechanisms: replenishing energy, increasing energy, replacing energy, and releasing energy. The above mechanisms can be identified by the high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curve of the well HA6X in the Halahatang Oilfield in the Tarim Basin. By solving the basic model, the relative errors of reservoirs I and II are found to be 1.9% and 1.5%, respectively, and the application of field examples demonstrates that our proposed high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection indicator curve is reasonable and reliable. This research can provide theoretical support for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology in fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.

关键词： Fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs High-pressure capacity expansion and water injection Mechanism Water injection indicator curve ENHANCEd OIL-rECOVErY STrESS SENSITIVITY TArIM BASIN FIELd

Analysis of deep ritz Methods for Semilinear Elliptic Equations

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NUMErICAL MATHEMATICS-THEOrY METHOdS ANd APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期17卷 181-209页

作者： Chen, Mo Jiao, Yuling Lu, Xiliang Song, Pengcheng Wang, Fengru Yang, Jerry Zhijian Wuhan Univ Sch Math & Stat 299 Ba Yi Rd Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Hubei Key Lab Computat Sci 299 Ba Yi Rd Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China

In this paper, we propose a method for solving semilinear elliptical equations using a resNet with reLU2 activations. Firstly, we present a comprehensive formulation based on the penalized variational form of the elliptical equations. We then apply the deep ritz Method, which works for a wide range of equations. We obtain an upper bound on the errors between the acquired solutions and the true solutions in terms of the depth d, width W of the reLU2 resNet, and the number of training samples n. Our simulation results demonstrate that our method can effectively overcome the curse of dimensionality and validate the theoretical results.

关键词： Semilinear elliptic equations deep ritz method reLU2 resNet convergence rate PArTIAL-dIFFErENTIAL-EQUATIONS INFOrMEd NEUrAL-NETWOrKS MONTE-CArLO NUMErICAL-SOLUTION CONVErGENCE ALGOrITHM