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The microbiome's influence on obesity: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Science China Life Sciences 2025年第3期 657-672页

作者： Dawit Adisu Tadese James Mwangi Lei Luo Hao Zhang Xiaoshan Huang Brenda B.Michira Shengwen Zhou Peter Muiruri Kamau Qiumin Lu Ren Lai Engineering laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility) Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models Sino-African Joint Research Center and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In 2023, the World Obesity Atlas Federation concluded that more than 50% of the world's population would be overweight or obese within the next 12 years. At the heart of this epidemic lies the gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem that profoundly influences obesity-related metabolic health. Its multifaced role encompasses energy harvesting, inflammation, satiety signaling, gut barrier function, gut-brain communication, and adipose tissue homeostasis. Recognizing the complexities of the cross-talk between host physiology and gut microbiota is crucial for developing cutting-edge, microbiome-targeted therapies to address the global obesity crisis and its alarming health and economic repercussions. This narrative review analyzed the current state of knowledge, illuminating emerging research areas and their implications for leveraging gut microbial manipulations as therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat obesity and related disorders in humans. By elucidating the complex relationship between gut microflora and obesity, we aim to contribute to the growing body of knowledge underpinning this critical field, potentially paving the way for novel interventions to combat the worldwide obesity epidemic.

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Hymenopteran-specific TRPA channel from the Texas leaf cutter ant(Atta texana)is heat and cold activated and expression correlates with environmental temperature

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 301-320页

作者： Julia M.York Timothy N.Taylor Sarah LaPotin Ying Lu Ulrich Mueller Department of evolution Ecologyand BehaviorUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaUSA Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at AustinAustinUSA Institute for Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinUSA Department of human Genetics University of UtahSalt Lake CityUSA

Leaf cutting ants of the genus Atta cultivate fungal gardens,carefully modifying environmental conditions to maintain optimal temperature for fungal *** nerves from Atta are highly temperature sensitive,but the underlying molecular sensor is ***,we utilize Atta texana(Texas leaf cutter ant)to investigate the molecular basis of ant temperature sensation and how it might have evolved as the range expanded northeast across Texas from ancestral populations in *** focus on transient receptor potential(TRP)channel genes,the best characterized temperature sensor proteins in *** texana antennae express 6 of 13 Hymenopteran TRP channel genes and sequences are under a mix of relaxed and intensified *** a behavioral assay,we find *** workers prefer 24℃(range 21−26℃)for fungal *** was no evidence of regulatory evolution across a temperature transect in Texas,but instead Hymenoptera-specific TRPA(HsTRPA)expression highly correlated with ambient *** expressed in vitro,HsTRPA from *** is temperature activated with Q10 values exceeding 100 on initial exposure to temperatures above 33℃.Surprisingly,HsTRPA also appears to be activated by cooling,and therefore to our knowledge,the first non-TRPA1 ortholog to be described with dual heat/cold activation and the first in any invertebrate.

关键词： electrophysiology evolution invertebrate leaf cutter ants temperature TRPchannels

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A New Antiarch,Bothriolepis zhujiangyuanensis ***.,from the Eifelian(Middle Devonian)of Qujing,Yunnan,SW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 1-14页

作者： XIAN Zumin PAN Zhaohui WANG Jianhua JIA Liantao ZHAO Yingtian LUO Yanchao ZHU Min Yunnan Key laboratory for Palaeobiology Institute of PalaeontologyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044China Qujing Normal University Yunnan 655000China

A new species of Bothriolepis(Placodermi,Antiarcha),*** ***.,is described from the Eifelian(Middle Devonian)Shangshuanghe Formation at the Pearl River Source Scenic Area,Qujing,Yunnan Province,southwestern China and is characterized by a broad postpineal plate bearing a straight anterior margin,a premedian plate wider than long,and a weakly developed dorsal median ridge of the trunk *** the eighth Bothriolepis taxon in China,*** *** a wealth of morphological data to clarify the intrageneric *** parsimony analysis,using a revised data set of the genus with 76 ingroup taxa and 72 characters,yields a well-resolved consensus tree for *** phylogenetic result shows a sister-group relationship between *** and *** from Kazakhstan,corroborating the biogeographic proximity between the South China and Kazakhstania blocks during the Middle Devonian.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology placoderms Bothriolepis phylogeny paleobiogeography Eifelian Yunnan Province

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Sarcopterygians from the Lochkovian(Lower Devonian)of Nanning,Guangxi,China

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文) 2025年第1期63卷 1-19页

作者： LI Mao-Kun CUI Xin-Dong ZHU Min QIAO Tuo Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871

Here we report a left cheek plate of Psarolepis,a postparietal shield of Youngolepis,a skull of Diabolepis,and a scale of Styloichthys from the Lianhuashan and Nahkaoling formations(Lochkovian,Lower Devonian)of Nanning,*** marks the first report of Diabolepis and Styloichthys beside Qujing,Yunnan,and the latest occurrence of Psarolepis to *** fossil community displays significant similarities to the Xujiachong Assemblage,and provides new data for the Lower Devonian stratigraphic correlation between southwestern China and northern *** the latest dating constraint based on the conodont evidence,we regard that the Xujiachong Assemblage has a much longer range than previously supposed,extending from the latest Lochkovian to the end of *** propose that the transition of the Nahkaoling and Lianhuashan formations in Nanning might correspond to the Guijiatun Formation in *** relatively large size of fish individuals from Guangxi is probably attributed to the increase in the oxygen content of the ocean.

关键词： Nanning,Guangxi Lochkovian,Lower Devonian Xujiachong Assemblage,Lianhuashan Formation,Nahkaoling Formation Sarcopterygians

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Occurrence of“Hippotherium”in the Old World:a revision of two hipparion species in Eurasia

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文) 2025年第1期63卷 57-80页

作者： SUN Bo-Yang LIU Yan WANG Shi-Qi DENG Tao Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of VertebratePaleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present *** has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanxi *** phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study,with a new matrix,shows that *** forms a monophyletic group with a European species,Hippotherium ***,no close relationship between so-called *** and the genus Hippotherium has been identified,and the record of stratigraphic range of this genus in late stage of Late Miocene is currently *** previously *** and *** have both attributed into“Hipparion”before the discovery of better *** stages and correlative absolute age showed that these two species should derive independently from some primitive *** the late stage of the Late Miocene,the development of the Asian summer monsoon enhanced the humidity of China,with forest and wood habitats expanding considerably under this *** the result,one Eurasian closed-habitat lineage thus extended its range into China,which had become very suited for it,give rise to“Hi.”plocodus.

关键词： Eurasian hipparion systematic revision phylogeny paleozoogeography

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First discovery of Neogene proboscidean fossils in southeast China

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文) 2025年第1期63卷 43-56页

作者： LI Chun-Xiao TANG Jian-Rong WANG Shi-Qi WANG Lin-Chang ZHENG Ying-Kai DENG Ke LIN Min CHEN Run-Sheng ZHOU Guo-Wu CHEN Zhong-Yang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10044 Fujian Institute of Geological Survey Fuzhou 350013

Stegolophodon is an age-informative genus of mammals that had a widespread distribution during the *** paper reports the discovery of Stegolophodon fossils from the Middle Miocene lower Fotan Formation at the Zhangpu locality,Fujian Province,*** discovery represents the first evidence of Neogene proboscidean fossils in southeastern *** newly found molar materials have low tooth crowns,very straight lophs/lophids,and an indistinct median *** mesoconelets and posterior cingulum are well-developed,while the second posterior pretrite central conule is significantly *** specimens closely resemble Stegolophodon pseudolatidens in cheek tooth morphology,and can thus be attributed to the same *** discovery fills a gap in the fossil record of large mammals in this region during the Neogene and provides valuable insights into the evolution of proboscideans and paleoenvironments.

关键词： southeastern China Middle Miocene proboscidean Stegolophodon morphology

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Cranial anatomy of Anchiornis huxleyi(Theropoda:Paraves)sheds new light on bird skull evolution

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文) 2025年第1期63卷 20-42页

作者： WANG Min WANG Xiao-Li ZHENG Xiao-Ting ZHOU Zhong-He Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 Shandong Tianyu Museum of Nature Pingyi Shandong 273300 Institute of Geology and Paleontology Linyi University LinyiShandong 276005

The origin of birds from theropod dinosaurs,by any measures,is the most eye-catching evolutionary transition in the history of life,which encompasses numerous extensive morphological and biological *** to postcranium,little progress has been made regarding the evolutionary assemblage of the birds’skull,because of few detailed early records of cranial materials of stem *** is the oldest known record of the Paraves(~160 Ma),the most inclusive clade that contains all living birds but not Caudipteryx or *** hundreds of known specimens,Anchiornis constitutes an ideal taxon for investigating morphological modifications across the theropod-bird transition,but its cranial morphology remains *** we present in-depth description of the cranial morphology of Anchiornis based on three-dimensional reconstruction of a well-preserved specimen,including elements from the temporal and palatal regions that are poorly recognized *** study shows that Anchiornis retains the plesiomorphic dinosaurian condition in having a diapsid akinetic *** mixture of cranial characters,shared with dromaeosaurids,troodontids,and stemward avialans,present in Anchiornis demonstrates the complex history of early avialan cranial evolution.

关键词： Anchiornis Avialae cranium kinesis palatine squamosal

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A zooarchaeological study of bone assemblages from the Ma'anshan Paleolithic site

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第3期53卷 395-402页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2,3, WANG ChunXue1,2, ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2 & GAO Xing1,2 1 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044 2 joint laboratory of human evolution and archaeometry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044 3 State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008 1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China2. Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China3. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China

Ten thousands of bone fragments were recovered from the Ma’anshan Paleolithic site, of which 4358 pieces can be identified to skeletal elements or species. In this research, the bone assemblages are quantified based on elements of MNI, MNE, and MAU. Then bone surface modifications and skeletal element profiles of the bone assemblages are studied to understand shlepping behaviors and reveal the technique of disarticulating and defleshing the animals’ bodies, etc. Based on the analyses of bone assemblages and the comparative study with the ethnoarchaeological as well as experimental data, it is assumed that later hominids at the site made fuller use of the game animals than the earlier hominids. Incorporating the lines of evidence from chronological dating, paleoenvironment, and polished bone tools between the two cultural layers, here we propose three hypotheses suggesting that the changes of environment, the migrations of the hominids from the North, or the demographic pulses may cause such a behavioral difference. However, it is yet to be determined which hypothesis can better explain the changes.

关键词： Ma’anshan site zooarchaeology Paleolithic hominid behavior

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The broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the later period of Late Pleistocene of China—Perspectives from the zooarchaeological studies

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第8期59卷 1529-1539页

作者： ZHANG ShuangQuan ZHANG Yue LI Jing Shu GAO Xing Key laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences

During the climatic fluctuations in the late Late Pleistocene, hominins in China had experienced some significant changes and adaptations in terms of subsistence strategies. Based on the zooarchaeological analyses of the faunal remains from the Shuidougou site of North China and the Ma'anshan site of South China, the present study demonstratively indicates that the broad-spectrum diet and its closely-related resource intensification for hominins were already at their places roughly at 33–35 cal ka BP. Compared to hominins of earlier period, who would have preferentially exploited large and medium-sized ungulates, hunter-gathers at later period had otherwise incorporated more small-sized animals(especially the quick ones, such as birds and hares) into their diet. Meanwhile, hominins of the later time had also greatly accelerated extractions and exploitations of the nutritional yields from the large and medium-sized animals. However, it seems clear from the current study that there was significant difference regarding the potential mechanisms for the broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the late Late Pleistocene of China.

关键词： Late Late Pleistocene Paleolithic Taphonomy Zooarchaeology Broad-spectrum revolution Resource intensification

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Snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus spp.)： conservation challenges in the face of environmental uncertainty

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Science Bulletin 2016年第5期61卷 345-348页

作者： Peng Zhang Kaijin Hu Bin Yang Danhe Yang Anthropology Department School of Sociology and Anthropology Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 China Key laboratory for human evolution and archaeometry of Guangdong Province Guangzhou 510275 China Institute of Zoology Shaanxi Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710032 China

The genus of snub-nosed monkey comprises five species that are only distributed in very limited areas in China,Vietnam and *** snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus avunculus)is endemic to northern Viet-

关键词：川金丝猴不确定性 spp 护面环境越南北部民族自豪感社会生态学

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