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Process metallurgy and data-driven prediction and feedback of blast furnace heat indicators

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1228-1240页

作者： Quan Shi Jue Tang Mansheng Chu School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China institute for frontier technologies of Low-carbon Steelmaking Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of frontier technologies for Low-carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

The prediction and control of furnace heat indicators are of great importance for improving the heat levels and conditions of the complex and difficult-to-operate hour-class delay blast furnace(BF)system.In this work,a prediction and feedback model of furnace heat indicators based on the fusion of data-driven and BF ironmaking processes was proposed.The data on raw and fuel materials,process op-eration,smelting state,and slag and iron discharge during the whole BF process comprised 171 variables with 9223 groups of data and were comprehensively analyzed.A novel method for the delay analysis of furnace heat indicators was established.The extracted delay variables were found to play an important role in modeling.The method that combined the genetic algorithm and stacking efficiently im-proved performance compared with the traditional machine learning algorithm in improving the hit ratio of the furnace heat prediction model.The hit ratio for predicting the temperature of hot metal in the error range of±10℃ was 92.4%,and that for the chemical heat of hot metal in the error range of±0.1wt%was 93.3%.On the basis of the furnace heat prediction model and expert experience,a feedback model of furnace heat operation was established to obtain quantitative operation suggestions for stabilizing BF heat levels.These sugges-tions were highly accepted by BF operators.Finally,the comprehensive and dynamic model proposed in this work was successfully ap-plied in a practical BF system.It improved the BF temperature level remarkably,increasing the furnace temperature stability rate from 54.9%to 84.9%.This improvement achieved considerable economic benefits.

关键词： blast furnace furnace heat genetic algorithm stacking prediction and feedback

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Surface iodine and pyrenyl-graphdiyne co-modified Bi catalysts for highly efficient CO_(2) electroreduction in acidic electrolyte

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2381-2387页

作者： Min Zhang Juan Wang Xin Rong Xiu-Li Lu Tong-Bu Lu MOE International joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

CO_(2) electroreduction to formic acid/formate would contribute to alleviating the energy and climate crisis.This work reports a Bi-based catalyst derived from the in-situ electroreduction of Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) modified with iodine and pyrenyl-graphdiyne(PGDY)on the surface for efficient electroreduction of CO_(2) in acidic electrolyte,with a high partial current density of 98.71 mA·cm^(-2) and high Faradaic efficiency(FE)>90%over the potential range from^(-1).2 to-1.5 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),as well as the long-term operational stability over 240 h without degradation in H-type cell.Experimental results and density function theory calculations show that the synergistic effect of surface iodine and PGDY is responsible for this active and extremely stable process of CO_(2) electroreduction via lowering the energy barriers for formation of*OCHO intermediate,suppressing the competitive HER by enhancing the concentration of both K+and CO_(2) at reaction interface,as well as preventing the dissolution and re-deposition of active Bi atoms on surface during catalytic reaction.This work provides new insight into designing highly active and stable electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： CO_(2) reduction electrocatalysis Bi-based catalysts acidic electrolyte

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Cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts for photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 410-421页

作者： Hong Yuan Jian-Hua Mei Yun-Nan Gong Di-Chang Zhong Tong-Bu Lu MOE International joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

Solar light-driven CO_(2)reduction to high value-added chemicals has considered as an outstanding way to solve energy crisis and climate warming.Recently,various photocatalysts have been developed to achieve this reaction.Among them,cobaltbased heterogeneous catalysts have attracted great interest because of their promising performance,product selectivity and stability.Herein,we systematically summarize the research progress of various cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts for the photoreduction of CO_(2),such as single-atom cobalt,and cobalt-based oxides,nitrides,sulfi des,phosphides,metal-organic frameworks and covalent-organic frameworks.Meanwhile,the advantages and structure-activity relationship of these catalysts in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction are discussed.Finally,the challenges and prospects for constructing cobaltbased heterogeneous catalysts with high effi ciency are highlighted.

关键词： Cobalt Heterogeneous catalysts CO_(2)reduction Photocatalysis

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Combined effect of WS2 and Ti3C2Tx MXene favors oil-based ultra-low friction on rough steel-steel interface at elevated temperatures

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 1991-2002页

作者： LIU YangQin CHEN Lei WANG Yang QIAN LinMao Tribology Research institute State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System School of Mechanical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Advanced technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education) Research Institute of Frontier ScienceSouthwest Jiaotong University

The lubrication performance of liquids is severely restricted and is degraded in high-temperature environments. Stable and reliable lubrication in high temperature environments has been a long-standing goal in various industrial fields. In this study,WS2and Ti3C2TxMXene nanoflakes were used as oil-based lubricant additives to generate ultra-low friction and even superlubricity（friction coefficient of ～0.007） at elevated temperatures（400°C）, which has hitherto not been achieved by both individual pristine materials, WS2and Ti3C2TxMXene. Viscosity and thermogravimetric characterization revealed improvements in the high-temperature rheological properties and thermal stability of the lubricating base oil, indicating improved loadbearing and continuous lubrication capabilities at elevated temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy demonstrated that the formation of an iron/titanium/tungsten-rich oxide lubricious thin film at the sliding interface reduced the interfacial shear stress, which was responsible for the observed friction and wear reductions at high contact pressures（> 1.1 GPa）. Although the titanium/tungsten oxide film was gradually removed after prolonged sliding, a sufficiently thick iron oxide film maintained a low friction coefficient for at least 2 h. The improved surface quality facilitates the achievement of ultra-low friction and reduced wear. The proposed lubrication methodology has a broad utilization potential as a wear-reduction strategy across various industrial fields at elevated temperatures.

关键词： ultra-low friction high-temperature wear reduction lubricating additive tungsten disulfide MXene

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Engineering tantalum nitride for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2171-2180页

作者： Beibei Zhang Zeyu Fan Yanbo Li institute of Fundamental and frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting is a promising energy conversion strategy for directly converting solar energy into green hydrogen fuel.Constructing an efficient PEC device,finding an efficient photoanode material with a suitable band gap and favorable band-edge positions is essential.Tantalum nitride(Ta_(3)N_(5))meets these fundamental requirements,and its theoretical maximum solar-to-hydrogen(STH)conversion efficiency can reach 15.9%.Consequently,it has been widely applied as a photoanode material for the PEC oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,severe bulk and interface charge recombination,along with sluggish water oxygen kinetics,seriously limits its STH conversion efficiency for PEC water splitting.Herein,this feature article briefly reviews recent advances by our research group in improving the STH conversion efficiency of the Ta_(3)N_(5)photoanode using various strategies,including defect engineering,construction of a gradient band structure,interface engineering,and surface modification of self-healing OER cocatalyst.Up to now,the obtained half-cell STH efficiency has exceeded 4%,providing a solid foundation for the development of tandem PEC devices for unbiased solar-driven overall water splitting toward practical application.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical water splitting tantalum nitride defect engineering interface engineering oxygen evolution cocatalyst

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Seeing is believing: observation of migrasomes

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第2期10卷 67-81页

作者： Yuwei Huang Li Yu School of Basic Medical Sciences Translational Medicine Institute Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life SciencesBeijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University

Migrasomes are a novel type of cell organelle that form on the retraction fibers at the rear of migrating cells. In recent years, numerous studies have unveiled the mechanisms of migrasome formation and have highlighted significant roles of migrasomes in both physiological and pathological processes.Building upon the strategies outlined in published works and our own research experiences, we have compiled a comprehensive set of protocols for observing migrasomes. These step-by-step instructions encompass various aspects such as cell culture, labeling, imaging, in vitro reconstitution, and statistical analysis. We believe that these protocols serve as a valuable resource for researchers exploring migrasome biology.

关键词： Migrasome Labeling Imaging In vitro reconstitution

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Knockout of miR396 genes increases seed size and yield in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1148-1157页

作者： Hongtao Xie Fei Su Qingfeng Niu Leping Geng Xuesong Cao Minglei Song Jinsong Dong Zai Zheng Rui Guo Yang Zhang Yuanwei Deng Zhanbo Ji Kang Pang Jian-Kang Zhu Jianhua Zhu School of Life Sciences Anhui Agricultural University Research Center for Biological Breeding Technology Research Institute of Frontier Science Anhui Agricultural University Bellagen Biotechnology Co.Ltd institute of Crop Sciences/National Nanfan Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Southern University of Science and Technology Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory

Yield improvement has long been an important task for soybean breeding in the world in order to meet the increasing demand for food and animal feed. mi R396 genes have been shown to negatively regulate grain size in rice,but whether mi R396 family members may function in a similar manner in soybean is unknown. Here, we generated eight soybean mutants harboring different combinations of homozygous mutations in the six soybean mi R396genes through genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease(Cas)12SF01 in the elite soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 302(ZH302). Four triple mutants (mir396aci, mir396acd, mir396adf, and mir396cdf), two quadruple mutants(mir396-abcd and mir396acfi), and two quintuple mutants(mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfi) were characterized. We found that plants of all the mir396 mutants produced larger seeds compared to ZH302 plants. Field tests showed that mir396adf and mir396cdf plants have significantly increased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude which are suited for ZH302 and moderately increased yield in lower latitude. In contrast, mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfiplants have increased plant height and decreased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude due to lodging issues, but they are suited for low latitude growth zones with increased yield without lodging problems.Taken together, our study demonstrated that loss-of-function of mi R396 genes leads to significantly enlarged seed size and increased yield in soybean, providing valuable germplasms for breeding high-yield soybean.

关键词： Cas12SF01 CRISPR/Cas miR396 seed size soybean yield

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Heteroatom doping regulates the catalytic performance of singleatom catalyst supported on graphene for ORR

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1086-1093页

作者： Ji-Kai Sun Yu-Wei Pan Meng-Qian Xu Lei Sun Shaolong Zhang Wei-Qiao Deng Dong Zhai institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Replacing fossil fuels with fuel cells is a feasible way to reduce global energy shortages and environmental pollution.However,the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the cathode has sluggish kinetics,which limits the development of fuel cells.It is significant to develop catalysts with high catalytic activity of ORR.The single-atom catalysts(SACs)of Pt supported on heteroatom-doped graphene are potential candidates for ORR.Here we studied the SACs of Pt with different heteroatoms doping and screened out Pt-C_(4) and Pt-C_(3)O_(1) structures with only 0.13 V overpotential for ORR.Meanwhile,it is found that B atoms doping could weaken the adsorption capacity of Pt,while N or O atoms doping could enhance it.This regularity was verified on Fe SACs.Through the electronic interaction analysis between Pt and adsorbate,we explained the mechanism of this regularity and further proposed a new descriptor named corrected d-band center(ε_(d-corr))to describe it.This descriptor is an appropriate reflection of the number of free electrons of the SACs,which could evaluate its adsorption capacity.Our work provides a purposeful regulatory strategy for the design of ORR catalysts.

关键词： single-atom catalyst(SAC) oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) heteroatom doping corrected d-band center descriptor

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Spin-polarized pairing induced by the magnetic field in the Bernal bilayer graphene

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 650-654页

作者：黄妍周涛 Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum MaterialsSchool of PhysicsGuangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matterand Frontier Research Institute for PhysicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Recent experimental findings have demonstrated the occurrence of superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene when induced by a magnetic field.In this study,we conduct a theoretical investigation of the potential pairing symmetry within this superconducting system.By developing a theoretical model,we primarily calculate the free energy of the system with p+ip-wave parallel spin pairing,p+ip-wave anti-parallel spin pairing and d+i d-wave pairing symmetry.Our results confirm that the magnetic field is indeed essential for generating the superconductivity.We discover that the p+ip-wave parallel spin pairing leads to a lower free energy for the system.The numerical calculations of the energy band structure,zero-energy spectral function and density of states for each of the three pairing symmetries under consideration show a strong consistency with the free energy results.

关键词： superconductivity magnetic field induction pairing symmetry Bernal bilayer graphene

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Triple the steady-state reaction rate by decorating the In2O3 surface with SiOx for CO2 hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 96-105页

作者： Hao Wang Chun Yang Xiaoyan Yu Mingrui Wang Runze Yang Xiaowa Nie Ben Hang Yin Alex C.K.Yip Chunshan Song Guanghui Zhang Xinwen Guo State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Paihau-Robinson Research institute the Mac Diarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Victoria University of Wellington Department of Chemical and Process Engineering The University of Canterbury Department of Chemistry the Chinese University of Hong Kong

Indium oxide（In2O3）,as a promising candidate for CO2hydrogenation to C1products,often suffers from sintering and activity decline,closely related to the undesirable structural evolution under reaction conditions.Based on the comprehension of the dynamic evolution,this study presents an efficient strategy to alleviate the agglomeration of In2O3nanoparticles by the surface decoration with highly dispersed silica species（SiOx）.Various structural characterizations combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the sintering resulted from the over-reduction,while the enhanced stability originated from the anchoring effect of highly stable In-OSi bonds,which hinders the substantial formation of metallic In（In0） and the subsequent agglomeration.0.6Si/In2O3exhibited CO2conversion rate of10.0 mmol g-1h-1at steady state vs.3.5 mmol g-1h-1on In2O3in CO2hydrogenation.Enhanced steady-state activity was also achieved on Pd-modified catalysts.Compared to the traditional Pd/In2O3catalyst,the methanol production rate of Pd catalyst supported on 0.6Si/In2O3was enhanced by 23%,showing the potential of In2O3modified by SiOxin serving as a platform material.This work provides a promising method to design new In2O3-based catalysts with improved activity and stability in CO2hydrogenation.

关键词： CO2 hydrogenation DFT simulations Dynamic structural evolution In2O3 sintering Surface SiOx modification

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