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Generating a nanoscale blade-like optical field in a coupled nanofiber pair

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photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 154-162页

作者： YUXIN YANG JIAXIN GAO HAO WU ZHANKE ZHOU LIU YANG XIN GUO PAN WANG LIMIN TONG Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

An optical field with sub-nm confinement is essential for exploring atomic-or molecular-level light-matter *** such fields demonstrated so far have typically point-like cross-sections,an optical field having a higher-dimensional cross-section may offer higher flexibility and/or efficiency in ***,we propose generating a nanoscale blade-like optical field in a coupled nanofiber pair(CNP)with a 1-nm-width central *** on a strong mode coupling-enabled slit waveguide mode,a sub-nm-thickness blade-like optical field can be generated with a cross-section down to~0.28 nm×38 nm at 1550 nm wavelength(i.e.,a thickness of~λ_(0)∕5000)and a peak-to-background intensity ratio(PBR)higher than 20 d *** slit waveguide mode of the CNP can be launched from one of the two nanofibers that are connected to a standard optical fiber via an adiabatical fiber taper,in which a fundamental waveguide mode of the fiber can be converted into a high-purity slit mode with high efficiency(>98%)within a CNP length of less than 10μm at 1550 nm *** wavelengthdependent behaviors and group velocity dispersion in mode converting processes are also investigated,showing that such a CNP-based design is also suitable for broadband and ultrafast pulsed *** results may open up new opportunities for studying light-matter interaction down to the sub-nm scale,as well as for exploring ultra-high-resolution optical technology ranging from super-resolution nanoscopy to chemical bond manipulation.

关键词： fiber waveguide optical

Robust thin-film lithium niobate modulator on a silicon substrate with backside holes

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第5期22卷 17-21页

作者：王迈祁璐王浩华阮子良陈耿鑫陈斌龚胜琪陈楷旋刘柳 State key laboratory of Extreme photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityHigher-Education Mega-CenterGuangzhou 510006China National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China

Recently,Mach–Zehnder modulators based on thin-film lithium niobate have attracted broad interest for their potential for high modulation bandwidth,low insertion loss,high extinction ratio,and high modulation *** periodic capacitively loaded traveling-wave electrode is optimally adopted for ultimate high-performances in this type of ***,such an electrode structure on a silicon substrate still suffers from the velocity mismatch and substrate leakage loss for microwave ***,we introduce a thin-film lithium niobate modulator structure using this periodic capacitively loaded electrode on a silicon *** holes in the silicon substrate are prepared to solve robustly the above *** fabricated device exhibits an insertion loss of 0.9 dB,a halfwave-voltage–length product of 2.18 V·cm,and an ultra-wide bandwidth well exceeding 67 GHz for a 10-mm-long *** transmissions with rates up to 112 Gb/s are *** proposed structure and fabrication strategy are compatible for other types of monolithic and heterogeneous integrated thin-film lithium niobate modulators on a silicon substrate.

关键词： lithium niobate electro-optic modulator high bandwidth backside holes robust structure

Anisotropy-free arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin film lithium niobate platform of in-plane anisotropy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1416-1426页

作者： Junjie Yi Changjian Guo Ziliang Ruan Gengxin Chen Haiqiang Wei Liwang Lu Shengqi Gong Xiaofu Pan Xiaowan Shen Xiaowei Guan Daoxin Dai Kangping Zhong Liu Liu State key laboratory of Extreme photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China. Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityHigher-Education Mega-CenterGuangzhou 510006China. National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China photonics Research Institute Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong(SAR)China. jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China

Arrayed waveguide grating is a versatile and scalable integrated light dispersion device,which has been widely adopted in various applications,including,optical communications and optical ***,thin-film lithium niobate emerges as a promising photonic integration platform,due to its ability of shrinking largely the size of typical lithium niobate based optical *** would also enable multifunctional photonic integrated chips on a single lithium niobate ***,due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the material,to build an arrayed waveguide grating on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate has never been ***,a universal strategy to design anisotropyfree dispersive components on a uniaxial in-plane anisotropic photonic integration platform is introduced for the first *** leads to the first implementation of arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate with various configurations and *** best insertion loss of 2.4 dB and crosstalk of−24.1 dB is obtained for the fabricated arrayed waveguide grating *** of such arrayed waveguide gratings as a wavelength router and in a wavelength-division multiplexed optical transmission system are also demonstrated.

关键词： waveguide arrayed lithium

Optical microfiber or nanofiber:a miniature fiber-optic platform for nanophotonics

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photonics Insights 2024年第1期3卷 27-74页

作者： Jianbin Zhang Hubiao Fang Pan Wang Wei Fang Lei Zhang Xin Guo Limin Tong Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxingChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina

An optical micro/nanofiber(MNF)is a quasi-one-dimensional free-standing optical waveguide with a diameter close to or less than the vacuum wavelength of *** the tiny geometry with highrefractive-index contrast between the core and the surrounding,the MNF exhibits favorable optical properties such as tight optical confinement,strong evanescent field,and large-diameter-dependent waveguide ***,as a quasi-one-dimensional structure with extraordinarily high geometric and structural uniformity,the MNF also has low optical loss and high mechanical strength,making it favorable for manipulating light on the micro/nanoscale with high *** the past two decades,optical MNFs,typically being operated in single mode,have been emerging as a miniaturized fiber-optic platform for both scientific research and technological *** this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the representative advances in optical MNFs in recent *** from the basic structures and fabrication techniques of the optical MNFs,we highlight linear and nonlinear optical and mechanical properties of the ***,we introduce typical applications of optical MNFs from nearfield optics,passive optical components,optical sensors,and optomechanics to fiber lasers and atom ***,we give a brief summary of the current status of MNF optics and technology,and provide an outlook into future challenges and opportunities.

关键词： micro/nanofibers fabrication optical properties mechanical properties optical applications

Efficient spectral single-pixel imaging via Morton frequency-domain scanning [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 8-14页

作者： Zi-Dong Zhao Zhao-Hua Yang Zhi-Hao Zhao Ling-An Wu Yuan-Jin Yu School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Automation MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent SensingBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing 314019China

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) captures two-dimensional images utilizing a sequence of modulation patterns and measurements recorded by a single-pixel detector. However, the sequential measurement of a scene is time-consuming, especially for high-spatial-resolution imaging. Furthermore, for spectral SPI, the enormous data storage and processing time requirements substantially diminish imaging efficiency. To reduce the required number of patterns, we propose a strategy by optimizing a Hadamard pattern sequence via Morton frequency domain scanning to enhance the quality of a reconstructed spectral cube at low sampling rates. Additionally, we expedite spectral cube reconstruction, eliminating the necessity for a large Hadamard matrix. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through both simulation and experiment,achieving sub-Nyquist sampling of a three-dimensional spectral cube with a spatial resolution of 256×256 pixels and181 spectral bands and a reduction in reconstruction time by four orders of magnitude. Consequently, our method offers an efficient solution for compressed spectral imaging.

关键词： single-pixel imaging spectral imaging optimized Hadamard basis

Comprehensive,Continuous,and Vertical Measurements of Seawater Constituents with Triple-Field-of-View High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 191-201页

作者： Kai Zhang Yatong Chen Hongkai Zhao Zhongping Lee Emmanuel Boss Iwona Stachlewska Davide Dionisi Cedric Jamet Paolo D.Girolamo Aleksey Malinka Chengchong Jiang Hongda Wu Lingyun Wu Feitong Chen Xiaolei Zhu Nanchao Wang Chuxiao Chen Qun Liu Lan Wu Yudi Zhou Weibiao Chen Dong Liu Ningbo Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological lnnovation Center Zhejang UniversityHangzhou 311200China Donghai laboratory.Zhoushan 316021 China State key Lab of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China School of Marine Sciences University of MaineOronoME 04469-5741USA Faculty of Physics University of WarsawWarsaw 02093Poland institute of Marine Sciences Italian National Research CouncilRome 00133Italy Universitédu Littoral Cote d'Opale CNRSUniv.LilleIRDUMR 8187-LOG-Laboratoire d'Oceanologie et de GéosciencesWimereux F-6293 Francen Institute Scuola di Ingegneria Universita della BasilicataPotenza 85100Italy Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinsk 220072Belarus key laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology Shanghai lnstitute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Inteligent Optics&photonics Research Center Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Jiaxing 314000China

Measuring the characteristics of seawater constituent is in great demand for studies of marine ecosystems and ***,existing techniques based on remote sensing or in situ samplings present various tradeoffs with regard to the diversity,synchronism,temporal-spatial resolution,and depth-resolved capacity of their data ***,we demonstrate a novel oceanic triple-field-of-view(FOV)high-spectral-resolution lidar(HSRL)with an iterative retrieval *** technique provides,for the first time,comprehensive,continuous,and vertical measurements of seawater absorption coefficient,scattering coefficient,and slope of particle size distribution,which are validated by simulations and field ***,it depicts valuable application potentials in the accuracy improvement of seawater classification and the continuous estimation of depth-resolved particulate organic carbon *** triple-FOV HSRL with high performance could greatly increase the knowledge of seawater constituents and promote the understanding of marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry.

关键词： lidar Vertical seawater

Silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands

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photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1016-1023页

作者： LONG ZHANG XIAOLIN YI DAJIAN LIU SHIHAN HONG GAOPENG WANG HENGZHEN CAO YAOCHENG SHI DAOXIN DAI State key laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation Center for Optical&Electromagnetic ResearchCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityZjingang CampusHangzhou 310058China intelligent Optics and photonics Research Center Jiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China

A silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands is developed by introducing multiple channels of wideband optical filters based on multimode waveguide gratings(MWGs)for pre-filtering and the corresponding thermally tunable narrowband filter for high *** these multiple customized wavelength bands,the central wavelengths,bandwidths,and resolutions are designed flexibly as desired,so that the system is simplified and the footprint is minimized for several practical applications(e.g.,gas sensing).A customized silicon photonic spectrometer is designed and demonstrated experimentally with four wavelength bands centered around1310 nm,1560 nm,1570 nm,and 1930 nm,which is,to the best of our knowledge,the first on-chip spectrometer available for sensing multiple gas components like HF,CO,H_(2)S,and CO_(2).The spectral resolutions of the four wavelength bands are 0.11 nm,0.08 nm,0.08 nm,and 0.37 nm,*** a customized silicon photonic spectrometer shows great potential for various applications,including gas monitors,wearable biosensors,and portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

关键词： waveguide bands multiple

Bidirectional high sidelobe suppression silicon optical phased array

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photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 659-668页

作者： HUAQING QIU YONG LIU XIANSONG MENG XIAOWEI GUAN YUNHONG DING HAO HU DTU Electro Department of Electrical and Photonics EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing&intelligent imaging Jiaxing 314000China intelligent Optics&photonics Research Center Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China

An optical phased array(OPA),the most promising non-mechanical beam steering technique,has great potential for solid-state light detection and ranging systems,holographic imaging,and free-space optical communications.A high quality beam with low sidelobes is crucial for long-distance free-space transmission and ***,most previously reported OPAs suffer from high sidelobe levels,and few efforts are devoted to reducing sidelobe levels in both azimuthal(φ)and polar(θ)*** solve this issue,we propose a Y-splitter-assisted cascaded coupling scheme to realize Gaussian power distribution in the azimuthal direction,which overcomes the bottleneck in the conventional cascaded coupling scheme and significantly increases the sidelobe suppression ratio(SLSR)in theφdirection from 20 to 66 dB in theory for a 120-channel ***,we designed an apodized grating emitter to realize Gaussian power distribution in the polar direction to increase the *** on both designs,we experimentally demonstrated a 120-channel OPA with dual-Gaussian power distribution in bothφandθ*** SLSRs inφandθdirections are measured to be 15.1 d B and 25 dB,***,we steer the beam to the maximum field of view of 25°×13.2°with a periodic 2λpitch(3.1μm).The maximum total power consumption is only 0.332 W with a thermo-optic efficiency of 2.7 m W∕π.

关键词： sidelobe optical directions

On-chip digitally tunable positive/negative dispersion controller using bidirectional chirped multimode waveguide gratings

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Advanced photonics 2023年第6期5卷 72-82页

作者： Shujun Liu Ruitao Ma Zejie Yu Yaocheng Shi Daoxin Dai Zhejiang University College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsState Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationHangzhouChina jiaxing key laboratory of photonic sensing and intelligent imaging JiaxingChina Zhejiang University Jiaxing Research InstituteIntelligent Optics and Photonics Research CenterJiaxingChina Zhejiang University Ningbo Research InstituteNingboChina

A silicon-based digitally tunable positive/negative dispersion controller(DC)is proposed and realized for the first time using the cascaded bidirectional chirped multimode waveguide gratings(CMWGs),achieving positive and negative dispersion by switching the light propagation direction.A 1×2 Mach-Zehnder switch(MZS)and a 2×1 MZS are placed before and after to route the light path for realizing positive/negative *** device has Q stages of identical bidirectional CMWGs with a binary *** the digital tuning is convenient and scalable,and the total dispersion accumulated by all the stages can be tuned digitally from−(2^(Q)−1)D0 to(2^(Q)−1)D_(0) with a step of D_(0) by controlling the switching states of all 2×2 MZSs,where D_(0) is the dispersion provided by a single bidirectional CMWG ***,a digitally tunable positive/negative DC with Q=4 is designed and *** CMWGs are designed with a 4-mm-long grating section,enabling the dispersion D_(0) of about 4.16 ps∕nm in a 20-nm-wide *** dispersion is tuned from−61.53 to 63.77 ps∕nm by switching all MZSs appropriately,and the corresponding group delay is varied from−1021 to 1037 ps.

关键词： silicon photonics dispersion tuning digital tuning multimode waveguide grating