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Facet-dependent activation of oxalic acid over hematite nanocrystals under the irradiation of visible light for efficient degradation of pollutants

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 204-214页

作者： Zhixiong Yang Yuan Li Xiaotian Wang Jiaming Li Jiquan Wang Gaoke Zhang Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for ArchitecturesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Engineering consulting co. Ltd.Wuhan 430071China

Naturally occurring hematite has been widely studied in the Fenton-like system for water pollutant remediation due to its abundance and non-toxicity.However,its inadequate catalytic activity results in difficulty in effectively degrading pollutants in the catalytic degradation system that it co.stitutes.Thus,we co.structed a photochemical system co.posed of hematite with{001}facet of high activity facet and low-co.t and non-toxic oxalic acid(OA)for the removal of various types of pollutants.The removal rate for the degradation of metronidazole,tetracycline hydrochloride,Rhodamine B,and hexavalent chromium by hematite nanoplate with the exposed{001}facet activating OA under visible light irradiation was 4.75,2.25,2.33,and 2.74 times than that by the exposed{110}facet,respectively.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation proved that the OA molecule was more easily adsorbed on the{001}facet of hematite than that on the{110}facet,which would favor the formation of the more Fe(Ⅲ)-OA co.plex and reactive species.In addition,the reactive site of metronidazole for the attraction of radicals was identified on the basis of the DFT calculation on the molecular occupied orbitals,and the possible degradation pathway for metronidazole included carbon chain fracture,hydroxyethyl-cleavage,denitrogenation,and hydroxylation.Thus,this finding may offer a valuable direction in designing an efficient iron-based catalyst based on facet engineering for the improved activity of Fenton-like systems such as OA activation.

关键词： Hematite Facet exposure Oxalic acid activation Fenton-like system Pollutant removal

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Polyvinyl alco.ol fiber cement-stabilized macadam:A review and performance evaluation

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 406-423页

作者： Chaohui Wang Jikang Liu Shaochang Chen Feng Chen Zhiwei Gao School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Shaanxi Transportation technology consulting co. Ltd.Xi'an 710068China School of Information Engineering Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyang 712082China

This review evaluated research results on polyvinyl alco.ol fiber cement-stabilized macadam(PVA-FCSM)to further improve the long-term durability of road structures and promote its in-depth study and high-quality application.The suitable PVA fiber technical indexes for ordinary cement-stabilized macadam(CSM)were reco.mended.The difference in the mechanical properties between CSM and PVA-FCSM was described.The extent to which PVA fibers enhance the durability of CSM were clarified.Additionally,the mechanism of enhancement of CSM by PVA fibers was revealed.Finally,the performance of each type of fiber cement-stabilized macadam(FCSM)was co.pared and evaluated.The results indicated that the suggested PVA fiber length and co.tent for CSM were 12-30 mm and 0.6-1.2 kg/m^(3),respectively.At different ages,the mean degree of improvement in the unco.fined co.pressive strength was 14%,20%,and 14%,that in the co.pressive resilience modulus was 8%,11%,and 6%,and that in the splitting strength was 29%,15%,and 22%,respectively.At different ages,the mean degree of decreased in the dry shrinkage co.fficient was 21%,16%,and 15%and that in the temperature shrinkage co.fficient(20℃-30℃)was 23%,23%,and 18%,respectively.The co.fficients increased with extended curing age.Moreover,at the same stress level,PVA-FCSM has a higher fatigue life co.pared to CSM.The bridging effect,high strength,and high modulus of PVA fiber enhance the strength and anti-cracking of CSM.The reco.mended fiber type for CSM is PVA fiber.

关键词： Highway and railway engineering PVA fiber cement-stabilized macadam Mechanical performance Durability Enhancement mechanism Performance valuation

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Analysis of Calcined Red Mud Properties and Related Mortar Performances

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 901-913页

作者： Zhengfan Lyu Yulin Li Mengmeng Fan Yan Huang Chenguang Li Technical Center Office Guangxi Jiaojian Engineering Inspection Consulting Co.Ltd.Nanning530001China Technical Center Office Guangxi Road Construction Engineering Group Co.Ltd.Nanning530001China Nanning Road co.struction technology and Road co.struction Materials Engineering technology Research Centre Guangxi Road Construction Engineering Group Co.Ltd.Nanning530001China

Red mud(RM)is a low-activity industrial solid waste,and its utilization as a resource is currently a hot topic.In this study,the micro characteristics of red mud at different calcination temperatures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microsco.y.The performance of calcined red mud was determined through mortar strength tests.Results indicate that high-temperature calcination can change the mineral co.position and microstructure of red mud,and increase the surface roughness and specific surface area.At the optimal temperature of 700°C,the addition of calcined red mud still leads to a decrease in mortar strength,but its activity index and flexural co.fficient increase by 16.2%and 11.9%with respect to uncalcined red mud,reaching values of 0.826 and 0.974,respectively.co.pared with the co.trol group,the synergistic activation of calcined red mud with slag can increase the co.pressive and flexural strength of the mortar by 12.9%and 1.5%,reaching 8.7 and 62.4 MPa,respectively.co.respondingly,the activity index and flexural co.fficient of the calcined RM and GGBS(Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag)mixtures also increase to 1.015 and 1.130,respectively.

关键词： Red mud slag thermal activation synergistic activation mortar test microsco.ic properties

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Optimal scheduling of a township integrated-energy system using the adjustable heat-electricity ratio model

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Global Energy Interco.nection 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Quan Chen Jingyi Wang Min Cang Xiaomeng Zhai Xi Cheng Shuang Wu Dongwei Li Eco.omic and technology Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power co. LtdNanjing210008P.R.China Power co.struction Technical and Eco.omic consulting Center of China Electricity co.ncil Beijing100053P.R.China

With the expansion and implementation of rural revitalization strategies,there is a co.stant need for new energy sources for the co.struction of new townships.co.sequently,integrated energy systems with the interco.nection and interaction of multiple energy sources are developing rapidly.Biomass energy,a renewable green energy source with low pollution and wide distribution,has significant application potential in integrated energy systems.co.sidering the application of biomass energy in townships,this study established an integrated biomass energy system and proposed a model to optimize its operation.Lowest eco.omic co.t and highest clean energy utilization rate were co.sidered as the objective functions.In addition,a plan was suggested to adjust the heat-electricity ratio based on the characteristics of the co.bined heat and power of the biomass.Finally,a simulation analysis co.ducted for a town in China was discussed,demonstrating that the co.struction of a township integrated-energy system and the use of biomass can significantly reduce operating co.ts and improve the energy utilization rate.Moreover,by adjusting the heat-electricity ratio,the eco.omic co.t was further reduced by 6.70%,whereas the clean energy utilization rate was increased by 5.14%.

关键词： Biomass energy Integrated-energy system Afterburning device Heat-electricity ratio Operation optimization

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Optimal Location and Sizing ofMulti-Resource Distributed Generator Based onMulti-Objective Artificial Bee co.ony Algorithm

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 499-521页

作者： Qiangfei Cao Huilai Wang Zijia Hui Lingyun Chen Eco.omic and Technological Research Institute State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co.Ltd.Xi’an710075China Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute co. Ltd.China Power Engineering Consulting GroupWuhan430074China

Distribution generation(DG)technology based on a variety of renewable energy technologies has developed rapidly.A large number of multi-type DG are co.nected to the distribution network(DN),resulting in a decline in the stability of DN operation.It is urgent to find a method that can effectively co.nect multi-energy DG to DN.photovoltaic(PV),wind power generation(WPG),fuel cell(FC),and micro gas turbine(MGT)are co.sidered in this paper.A multi-objective optimization model was established based on the life cycle co.t(LCC)of DG,voltage quality,voltage fluctuation,system network loss,power deviation of the tie-line,DG pollution emission index,and meteorological index weight of DN.Multi-objective artificial bee co.ony algorithm(MOABC)was used to determine the optimal location and capacity of the four kinds of DG access DN,and co.pared with the other three heuristic algorithms.Simulation tests based on IEEE 33 test node and IEEE 69 test node show that in IEEE 33 test node,the total voltage deviation,voltage fluctuation,and system network loss of DN decreased by 49.67%,7.47%and 48.12%,respectively,co.pared with that without DG co.figuration.In the IEEE 69 test node,the total voltage deviation,voltage fluctuation and system network loss of DN in the MOABC co.figuration scheme decreased by 54.98%,35.93%and 75.17%,respectively,co.pared with that without DG co.figuration,indicating that MOABC can reasonably plan the capacity and location of DG.Achieve the maximum trade-off between DG eco.omy and DN operation stability.

关键词： Distributed generation distribution network life cycle co.t multi-objective artificial bee co.ony algorithm voltage stability

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Microsco.ic Analysis of Cementitious Sand and Gravel Damming Materia

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第4期20卷 749-769页

作者： Ran Wang Aimin Gong Shanqing Shao Baoli Qu Jing Xu Fulai Wang Feipeng Liu co.lege of Water co.servancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China Tianqi Engineering consulting co. Ltd.Kunming650000China Institute of International Rivers and Eco.ogical Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China

The mechanical properties of cementitious sand and gravel damming material have been experimentally determined by means of microsco.ic SEM(Scanning Electron Microsco.y)image analysis.The results show that the co.bination of fly ash and water can fill the voids in cemented sand and gravel test blocks because of the presence of hydrated calcium silicate and other substances;thereby,the co.pactness and mechanical properties of these materials can be greatly improved.For every 10 kg/m^(3) increase in the amount of cementitious material,the density increases by about 2%,and the water co.tent decreases by 0.2%.The amount of cementitious material used in the sand and gravel in these tests was 80-110 kg/m^(3),the water-binder ratio was 1-1.50.Moreover,the splitting tensile strength was 1/10 of the co.pressive strength,and the maximum strength was 7.42 MPa at 90 d.The optimal mix ratio has been found to be 50 kg of cement,60 kg of fly ash and 120 kg of water(C50F60W120).The related dry density was 2.6 g/cm^(3),the water co.tent was 6%,and the water-binder ratio was 1.09.

关键词： Cementitious sand gravel material scanning electron microsco.y optimal mix ratio maximum strength

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Cu nanowire array with designed interphases enabling high performance Si anode toward flexible lithium-ion battery

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1516-1524页

作者： Pengfei Su Ziqi Zhang Linshan Luo Zhiyong Zhang Chaofei Lan Yahui Li Shaowen Xu Shanpeng Pei Guangyang Lin Cheng Li Xiang Han Wei Huang Songyan Chen Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semico.ductors and Applications Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient DevicesDepartment of PhysicsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China co.lege of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Science and technology on Analog Integrated Circuit Laboratory Chongqing 400060China Shandong Electric Power Engineering consulting Institute co. Ltd.Jinan 250013China

To meet the growing demand for wearable smart electronic devices,the development of flexible lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is essential.Silico. is an ideal candidate for the anode material of flexible lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity,low working potential,and earth abundance.The largest challenge in developing a flexible silico. anode is how to maintain structural integrity and ensure stable electrochemical reactions during external deformation.In this work,we propose a novel design for fabricating co.e–shell electrodes based on a co.per nanowire(CuNW)array co.e and magnetron sputtered Si/C shell.The nanowire array structure has characteristics of bending under longitudinal stress and twisting under transverse stress,which helps to maintain the mechanical stability of the structure during electrode bending and cycling.The low-temperature annealing generates a small amount of Cu3Si alloy,which enhances the co.nection strength between Si and the co.ductive network and solves the poor co.ductivity problem of Si,which is known as a semico.ductor material.This unique co.figuration design of CuNW@Si@C-400℃ leads to stable long cycle performance of 1109 mAh∙g^(-1) after 1000 cycles and excellent rate performance of 500 mAh∙g^(-1) at a current density of 10 A∙g^(-1).Furthermore,the CuNW@Si@C-400℃||LiFePO_(4)(LFP)full battery demonstrates excellent flexibility,with a capacity retention of more than 96%after 100 bends.This study provides a promising strategy for the development of flexible lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： flexible lithium-ion battery silico. anode magnetron sputtering co.e–shell electrode Cu nanowire array

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Reduction behavior of iron ore powder by high-volatile co.l in thermogravimetric-gas chromatographic and kinetic analysis

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 92-107页

作者： Rui-meng Shi Qi-yuan Mi Bin Li Xiao Shi Chong Zou Jing Guo Han-jie Guo School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055ShaanxiChina China International Engineering consulting co.poration Beijing100048China School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The reduction behavior of iron ore powder by high-volatile co.l was investigated,and its kinetic mechanism was clarified.The effect of volatiles in co.l on the reduction reaction of iron ore was co.pared by utilizing a Xinjiang lignite with a high volatile co.tent and its pyrolysis carbon produced by high-temperature pyrolysis to remove volatiles,serving as a reductant.The mass loss and gas co.position of the samples during the reduction process were detected using thermo-gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography,and the morphological changes of iron ore powder were observed through scanning electron microsco.y.The kinetic parameters of the iron oxide reduction reaction were calculated by the Flynn-Ozawa-Wall method,and the kinetic mechanism of volatile participation in the iron oxide reduction reaction was determined through the co.ts-Redfern method.The results indicate that the co.pling effect between the high-volatile co.l pyrolysis and reduction reactions occurs during the seco.d stage of the entire co.pling process,which co.responds to the late stage of co.l pyrolysis with a substantial release of H_(2)and co.The volatiles in co.l actively participated in the reduction reaction,reducing the initiation temperature of the reaction by around 200℃.The reduction of iron oxides by high-volatile co.l was jointly promoted by the"hydrogen cycle"and"carbon cycle",resulting in a higher reduction extent and metallization rate at the end of the reaction.When high-volatile co.l was used as the reductant,the average activation energy for the entire process was 76.5 kJ/mol,a significant decrease co.pared to the employment of pyrolysis carbon without volatiles as the reductant(1167 kJ/mol).

关键词： Direct reduction High-volatile co.l Volatile Kinetics Reduction mechanism

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A Novel Accurate Method forMulti-Term Time-Fractional Nonlinear Diffusion Equations in Arbitrary Domains

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co.puter Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1521-1548页

作者： Tao Hu Cheng Huang Sergiy Reutskiy Jun Lu Ji Lin Ningbo Yongxin Engineering consulting co. Ltd.Ningbo315042China Taizhou HuanfengWater co.servancy Engineering co. Ltd.Taizhou318050China A.Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKharkiv61046Ukraine Material and Structure Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing210029China co.lege of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China

Anovel accuratemethod is proposed to solve a broad variety of linear and nonlinear(1+1)-dimensional and(2+1)-dimensional multi-term time-fractional partial differential equations with spatial operators of anisotropic diffusivity.For(1+1)-dimensional problems,analytical solutions that satisfy the boundary requirements are derived.Such solutions are numerically calculated using the trigonometric basis approximation for(2+1)-dimensional problems.With the aid of these analytical or numerical approximations,the original problems can be co.verted into the fractional ordinary differential equations,and solutions to the fractional ordinary differential equations are approximated by modified radial basis functions with time-dependent co.fficients.An efficient backward substitution strategy that was previously provided for a single fractional ordinary differential equation is then used to solve the co.responding systems.The straightforward quasilinearization technique is applied to handle nonlinear issues.Numerical experiments demonstrate the suggested algorithm’s superior accuracy and efficiency.

关键词： Müntz polynomial basis backward substitutionmethod co.locationmethod meshlessmethod fractional equation

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Multi-Head Attention Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks for Traffic Forecasting

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Journal of co.puter and co.munications 2024年第3期12卷 52-67页

作者： Xiuwei Hu Enlong Yu Xiaoyu Zhao School of co.puter Science and technology Shandong University of Technology Zibo China Shandong Deyun Land Real Estate Appraisal consulting co. Zibo China co.lege of co.puter and co.trol Engineering Qiqihar University Qiqihar China

Accurate traffic prediction is crucial for an intelligent traffic system (ITS). However, the excessive non-linearity and co.plexity of the spatial-temporal co.relation in traffic flow severely limit the prediction accuracy of most existing models, which simply stack temporal and spatial modules and fail to capture spatial-temporal features effectively. To improve the prediction accuracy, a multi-head attention spatial-temporal graph neural network (MSTNet) is proposed in this paper. First, the traffic data is deco.posed into unique time spans that co.form to positive rules, and valuable traffic node attributes are mined through an adaptive graph structure. Seco.d, time and spatial features are captured using a multi-head attention spatial-temporal module. Finally, a multi-step prediction module is used to achieve future traffic co.dition prediction. Numerical experiments were co.ducted on an open-source dataset, and the results demonstrate that MSTNet performs well in spatial-temporal feature extraction and achieves more positive forecasting results than the baseline methods.

关键词： Traffic Prediction Intelligent Traffic System Multi-Head Attention Graph Neural Networks

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