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Amelioration of habitat since the early Holocene contributed to the origin of agriculture in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2535-2546页

作者： Xin JIA Zhiping ZHANG Yonggang SUN Runqi JIANG Shuangwen YI Wei CHEN Jue SUN Guoqiang LI Shuzhi WANG Enrui LI Xiaonong HU Qingchun BAO Harry F.LEE Huayu LU Ulanqab Museum The Institute of cultural Relics and Archaeology Department of Geography and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong jiangsu center for collaborative innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PRC) Nanjing Normal University School of Geography Nanjing Normal University Institute of Environmental Archaeology Nanjing Normal University Schlool of History and Culture Chifeng University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou University Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The origin of agriculture in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China remains in dispute. The central region of the Inner Mongolia Plateau is located in the core area of the farming-pastoral zone; thus, it is a critical region for exploring the origin of the dryland farming system in northern China. This study selected the Yumin Site and Banan Site, which belong to the Yumin Culture-the beginning of Neolithic culture in Inner Mongolia-as the research objects. Based on the quartz optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating on the sedimentary sections from the Yumin site(YM) and Banan site(BN1 and BN2), the Holocene chronology framework of each section was established. After that, by identifying carbonized grains in the Yumin site and the multi-proxy analysis of each section, we investigated the relationship between the origin of agriculture and climate change in this region. The results revealed that the timing of the origin of agriculture recorded in the Yumin site lagged behind the timing of a significant increase of precipitation during the early Holocene but coincided with the timing of a significant increase of vegetation around 8.4 ka. This phenomenon was further confirmed by the published high-resolution paleoenvironmental records from the surrounding area of the Yumin Culture. We propose that with the gradual amelioration of hydrothermal conditions since the beginning of the Holocene, the regional ecosystem had been improved, resulting in the gradual conversion of the land surface from infertile sand to organic-rich soil, providing an appropriate environmental foundation for the origin of dryland farming in northern China around 8.4 ka. This study highlighted that the “accumulative environmental effects” during the early Holocene played a vital role in the origin of agriculture in northern China and provided a reference for agricultural management in the context of future climate change.

关键词： Origin of agriculture Accumulative environmental effects Yumin Culture Northern China Holocene

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中国文化法治的现代化及其路径研究

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China Legal Science 2024年第2期12卷 3-23页

作者：彭振 Guangxi Minzu University Law School the collaborative innovation center for Research on Ethnic Law and Regional Governance

中国拥有丰富多彩的文化遗产,推动我国文化法治走向现代化是建设文化强国、实现文化自信自强的有力保障。然而,目前我国在优秀传统文化、新兴网络文化、红色法治文化、民族文化、文化事业和产业等方面的法治保障还存在不足。因此,我们... 详细信息

中国拥有丰富多彩的文化遗产,推动我国文化法治走向现代化是建设文化强国、实现文化自信自强的有力保障。然而,目前我国在优秀传统文化、新兴网络文化、红色法治文化、民族文化、文化事业和产业等方面的法治保障还存在不足。因此,我们应通过加快社会主义法治文化建设、加强网络文化法治建设、依法保障文化交流互鉴、促进文化事业和文化产业健康发展等路径,推动实现中国文化法治的现代化。

关键词：文化法治法治文化法治保障路径研究依法保障文化产业文化遗产优秀传统文化

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Two-tier control structure design methodology applied to heat exchanger networks

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第7期35卷 231-244页

作者： Siwen Gu Lei Zhang Yu Zhuang Weida Li Jian Du Cheng Shao Institute of Chemical Process Systems Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China jiangsu collaborative innovation center for cultural creativity School of Photoelectric EngineeringChangzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213032China Institute of Advanced Control Technology School of Control Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Because of its paramount importance in the successful industrial control strategy of a given heat exchanger network(HEN),the control structure designs for providing appropriate manipulated variable(MV)and controlled variable pairings have received considerable attention.However,quite frequently HENs with such control structures face the problem of hard constraints,typically holding the HENs at less controlled operating space.So both the MV pairings and the above control pairings should be considered to design a control structure.This paper investigates the systematic incorporation of the two pairings,and presents a methodology for designing such two-tier control structure.This is developed based on the sequential strategy,coupling an indirect-tier with direct-tier control structure design,wherein the intention is realized in the former stage and the latter is implemented for further optimization.The MV identification and pairing are achieved through variations in heat load of heat exchangers to design the indirect-tier control structure.Then the direct-tier control structure is followed the relative gain array pairing rules.With the proposed methodology,on the one hand,it generates an explicit connection between the MV pairings and the HEN configuration,and the quantitative interaction measure is improved to avoid the multiple solutions to break the relationship among all the control pairings into individuals;on the other hand,a two-tier control structure reveals control potentials and control system design requirements,this may avoid complex and economically unfavourable control and HEN structures.The application of proposed framework is illustrated with two cases involving the dynamic simulation analysis,the quantitative assessment and the random test.

关键词： Heat exchanger networks(HENs) Controllability Two-tier control structure Manipulated variable pairing Control pairing

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古基因组揭示河西走廊两千年以来的人群历史

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 606-611页

作者：熊建雪王睿陈国科杨谊时杜盼新蒙海亮马敏敏安达陶乐王辉金力王传超文少卿 Institute of Archaeological Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Institute of cultural Relics and Archaeology in Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentSchool of Life Sciencesand Human Phenome InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology Department of Anthropology and Human GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental ScienceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologySchool of Sociology and AnthropologyFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences in BioanthropologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The Hexi Corridor in northwest China has for millennia served as a crossroads for interactions between East Asia,Central Asia and lands further west,while also connecting the Chinese heartland and the northern Mongolian Steppe and Tibetan Plateau(TP)to the south(Fig.1a).Previous studies have revealed the details of this cross-continental material and cultural transmission as early as the Bronze Age onwards.Materials and technologies exchanged along the ancient Silk Road included East Asian millets and painted pottery,West Asian wheat and barley,bronze metal-lurgy,domesticated sheep,horses,and cattle[1].To date.

关键词： connecting details northwest

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Sahara’s surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

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The innovation 2024年第1期5卷 70-79页

作者： Yandong Hou Hao Long Sumiko Tsukamoto Zhengyao Lu Jie Chen Daniel EIbarra Toru Tamura Qiong Zhang Weiyi Sun Jingran Zhang Lei Gao Manfred Frechen Ji Shen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics(LIAG) Department of Geochronology30655 HannoverGermany Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University22100 LundSweden Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute at Brown for Environment and Society and Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8561Japan Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityJiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic EnvironmentMinistry of Education of ChinaNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)through ocean-atmospheric teleconnections.This modulation has far-reaching consequences,particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern China.Here,we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake Basin in northern China,providing quantitative assessments of Holocene monsoonal precipitation and the consequent migrations of the northern boundary of the EASM.Our reconstruction,informed by a water-and-energy balance model,indicates that annual precipitation reached700 mm during 8–5 ka,followed by a rapid decline to tween 5 and 4 ka.This shift coherently aligns with a signi550 mm be-ficant300 km northwestward movement of the EASM northern boundary during the Middle Holocene(MH),in contrast to its current position.Our findings underscore that these changes cannot be entirely attributed to orbital forcing,as corroborated by simulation tests.Climate model simulations deployed in our study suggest that the presence of the Green Sahara during the MH significantly strengthened the EASM and led to a northward shift of the monsoon rainfall belt.Conversely,the Sahara’s reversion to a desert landscape in the late Holocene was accompanied by a corresponding southward retraction of monsoon influence.These dramatic hydroclimate changes during5–4 ka likely triggered or at least contributed to a shift in Neolithic cultures and societal transformation in northern China.With decreasing agricultural productivity,communities transitioned from millet farming to a mixed rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry system.Thus,our findings elucidate not only the variability of the EASM but also the profound implications of a remote forcing,such as surface transformations of the Sahara,on climatic changes and cultural evolution in northern China.

关键词： Holocene monsoon abrupt

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Y-chromosomes from skeletal remains of Chinese Expeditionary Force offer a clue to their paternal relatives

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Science Bulletin 2016年第6期61卷 425-427页

作者： Shao-Qing Wen Xin-Zhu Tong Chi-Zao Wang Pan-Xin Du Jin-Yi Wang Jian-Xue Xiong Liang Chen Li Jin Hui Li MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentSchool of Life Sciences Fudan University School of cultural Heritages Northwest University

Chinese Expeditionary Force(CEF)was one of the two Chinese military excursions outside of sovereign Chinese territory sent to repel Japanese forces occupying Burma during World War II.By 1941,the World War II entered its darkest days.China had been embroiled in a desperate struggle to resist the Japanese invasion.Japanese troops aiming at cutting the supply routes to China had left only one line of communication open for China to the West—the Yunnan-Burma Road in the southwest[1].To

关键词：中国 Y染色体第二次世界大战父系遗骸日本军队二战期间军事行动

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Relationships between temperature-light meteorological factors and seedcotton biomass per boll at different boll positions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1315-1326页

作者： WU You ZHAO Wen-qing MENG Ya-li WANG You-hua CHEN Bing-lin ZHOU Zhi-guo Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management Ministry of Agriculture/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production (JCIC-MCP)Nanjing Agricultural University

Cotton growth and development are determined and influenced by cultivars, meteorological conditions, and management practices. The objective of this study was to quantify the optimum of temperature-light meteorological factors for seedcotton biomass per boll with respect to boll positions. Field experiments were conducted using two cultivars of Kemian 1 and Sumian 15 with three planting dates of 25 April （mean daily temperature （MDT） was 28.0 and 25.4°C in 2010 and 2011, respectively）, 25 May （MDT was 22.5 and 21.2°C in 2010 and 2011, respectively）, and 10 Jun （MDT was 18.7 and 17.9°C in 2010 and 2011, respectively）, and under three shading levels （crop relative light rates （CRLR） were 100, 80, and 60％） during 2010 and 2011 cotton boll development period （from anthesis to boll open stages）. The main meteorological factors （temperature and light） affected seedcotton biomass per boll differently among different boll positions and cultivars. Mean daily radiation （MDR） affected seedcotton biomass per boll at all boll positions, except fruiting branch 2 （FB2） fruting node 1 （FN1）. However, its influence was less than temperature factors, especially growing degree-days （GDD）. Optimum mean daily maximum temperature （MDTmax） for seedcotton biomass per boll at FB11FN3 was 29.9-32.4°C, and the optimum MDR at aforementioned position was 15.8-17.5 MJ m-2. Definitely, these results can contribute to future cultural practices such as rational cultivars choice and distribution, simplifying field managements and mechanization to acquire more efficient and economical cotton management.

关键词： cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） temperature-light meteorological factors seedcotton biomass per boll boll positions

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Color-tunable circularly polarized electroluminescence from a helical chiral multiple resonance emitter with B–N bonds

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中国科学:化学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2612-2620页

作者： Li Yuan Zhen-Long Tu Jun-Wei Xu Hua-Xiu Ni Zhi-Ping Mao Wen-Ye Xu You-Xuan Zheng State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology Shenzhen 518172China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Guangzhou Research&creativity Biotechnology Co.Ltd. Guangzhou 510700China

Chiral B,N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) and small full-width at halfmaxima(FWHM) are promising multiple resonance(MR) emitters for CP organic light-emitting diodes(CP-OLEDs).This work presents a pair of chiral MR enantiomers,P/M-o[B-N]_(2)N_(2),featuring B–N bonds incorporated within a[7]-helicene skeleton.These enantiomers exhibit narrow 0-0 and 0-1 electronic transition bands,whose relative intensity can be fine-tuned by increasing doping concentrations,resulting in redshifts of the emission peak from 542 to 592 nm.The enantiomers show mirrorsymmetric CPL spectra with an asymmetry factor(|g_(PL)|) of 1.0×10^(-3).The hyperfluorescent CP-OLEDs with double-sensitized emitting layers display a FWHM of 33 nm,an external quantum efficiency of 25.1%,and a|g_(EL)|factor of 7.7×10^(-4).Notably,the CP-OLEDs realize color-tunable CP electroluminescence peak from 553 to 613 nm by regulating the vibrational coupling.This work provides a novel concept for the design of helical CP-MR materials and CP-OLEDs,highlighting their potential for future applications in advanced optoelectronic devices.

关键词： chiral multiple resonance material helical chirality circularly polarized luminescence narrowband emission color-tunable circularly polarized electroluminescence

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A mini-review on how the COVID-19 pandemic affected intertemporal choice

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 87-94页

作者： Xinwen Zhang Ziyun Wu Qinghua He Faculty of Psychology MOE Key Laboratory of Cognition and PersonalitySouthwest UniversityCN400715ChongqingChina Southwest University Branch Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment to ward Basic Education QualityCN400715ChongqingChina

The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has extremely harmful effects on individual lifestyles,and at present,people must make financial or survival decisions under the profound changes frequently.Although it has been reported that COVID-19 changed decision-making patterns,the underlying mechanisms remained unclear.This mini-review focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on in-tertemporal choice,and potential psychological,biological,and social factors that mediate this relationship.A search of the Web of Science electronic database yielded 23 studies.The results showed that under the COVID-19 pandemic,people tended to choose immediate and smaller rewards,and became less patient.In particular,people with negative emotions,in a worse condition of physical health,or who did not comply with their government restriction rules tended to become more"short-sighted"in behavioral terms.Future studies should examine more longitudinal and cross-cultural research to give a broad view about the decision-making change under the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 intertemporal choice biological factors psychological factors social factors

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Global Financial Crisis Making a V-Shaped Fluctuation in NO_2 Pollution over the Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 438-447页

作者： Yin DU Zhiqing XIE Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Climate Dynamics Research CenterNanjing University of Information Science &Technology jiangsu Climate center Jiangsu Meteorological Administration

The Yangtze River Delta（YRD）,China’s main cultural and economic center,has become one of the most seriously polluted areas in the world with respect to nitrogen oxides（NO_x）,owing to its rapid industrialization and urbanization,as well as substantial coal consumption.On the basis of nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）density data from ozone monitoring instrument（OMI）and ground-based observations,the effects of industrial fluctuations due to the financial crisis on local NO_2 pollution were quantitatively assessed.The results were as follows.（1）A distinct V-shaped fluctuation of major industrial products,thermal generating capacity,electricity consumption,and tropospheric NO_2 densities was associated with the global financial crisis from May 2007 to December 2009,with the largest anomalies 1.5 times more than standard deviations at the height of the crisis period from November 2008 to February 2009.（2）Among all industrial sectors,thermal power plants were mainly responsible for fluctuations in local NO_2 pollution during the crisis period.Thermal generating capacity had its greatest decrease of 12.10%at the height of the crisis compared with that during November 2007–February 2008,leading to local tropospheric NO_2 density decreasing by 16.97%.As the crisis appeased,thermal generating capacity increased by 29.63%from November 2009 to February 2010,and tropospheric NO_2 densities correspondingly increased by 30.07%.（3）Among all industrial sectors in the YRD,the thermal power sector has the greatest coal consumption of about 65.96%.A decline in thermal power of about 10% can induce a decrease of about 30%in NOx emissions and NO_2 densities,meaning that a relative small fluctuation in industrial production can lead to a large decrease in tropospheric NO_2 densities over industrially developed areas like the YRD region.Since electricity is mainly obtained from local coal-burning thermal plants without NO_x-processing equipment,installing NO_x-removal devices for all thermal power plants is an important and feasible way of control

关键词： financial crisis abrupt change NO_x pollution

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