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Effects of variation in food resources on foraging habitat use by wintering Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)

Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 186-195页

作者： Meng Zheng Lizhi Zhou Niannian Zhao Wenbin Xu School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information Center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:The ideal habitat use of waterbirds can be considered to be fixed,but current habitat use depends on environmental conditions,especially those of food characteristics,considered crucial to their use of *** how waterbirds respond to variation in food availability at degraded wetland sites and change their habitat use patterns over spatial and temporal scales should direct future conservation *** objectives of this study were to identify these spatial-temporal foraging habitat use patterns of Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)and their relationship with food characteristics in the severely degraded wetlands of the Shengjin and Caizi lakes along with the Yangtze River ***:We investigated the changes in food characteristics,relative abundance and density of Hooded Cranes in various habitat types across three winter periods from November 2012 to April *** examined the effect of these winter periods and habitat types on the pattern of use by the cranes and explored the relationship between these patterns and food characteristics using linear ***:The food characteristics and habitat use clearly changed over spatial-temporal *** the early and mid-winter periods,the most abundant,accessible and frequented food resources were found in paddy fields,while in the late period the more abundant food were available in meadows,which then replaced the paddy *** were fewer effects of winter periods,habitat types and their interactions on habitat use patterns except for the effect of habitat types on the relative abundance,determined as a function of food abundance,but independent of food depth and sediment ***:In response to the degradation and loss of lake wetlands,the cranes shifted their habitat use patterns by making tradeoffs between food abundance and accessibility over spatial-temporal scales that facilitated their survival in the mosaic of these lake wetlands.

关键词： Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) Habitat use Food characteristics Wintering ecology Foraging habitat

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Effects of social and climatic factors on birth sex ratio in Macaca mulatta in Mount Taihangshan area

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第2期10卷 199-206页

作者： Jundong TIAN Baishi WANG Zhenlong WANG Jindong LIU Jiqi LU institute of biodiversity and Ecology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Jiyuan Administration of Taihangshan Macaque National Nature Reserve JiyuanChina Department of Wildlife Diseases Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany

Sex allocation theory predicts the optimal investment to male and female ***,a biased sex ratio requires explanations as to why the deviation *** macaque(Macaca mulatta)is the most widely distributed nonhuman primate species and the Taihangshan macaque(Macaca mulatta tcheliensis)occupies the northern limit of all rhesus macaque natural populations *** observed one macaque troop(Wangwu-1[WW-1])inhabiting Taihangshan Macaque National Nature Reserve and recorded all birth events and the sex of newborn macaques from 2004 to *** aim was to apply the Trivers–Willard hypothesis to this free-ranging rhesus macaque troop,and to understand the relationship between climatic parameters(precipitation and temperature)and birth sex *** found that the total newborn macaques showed a female-biased sex ratio at birth in the WW-1 troop,but there were no significant biased birth sex ratios in all matriarchs and in high-ranking and middle-ranking matrilineal ***,the low-ranking macaque matrilineal unit was significantly ***,we found that the annual precipitation of the previous year was positively associated with the birth sex ratio,and there was an interactive effect of troop size and current winter temperature on the birth sex *** underlying mechanisms for the effects of social and climatic factors on birth sex ratio could be complex,and we discuss several plausible explanations.

关键词： birth sex ratio precipitation rhesus macaque social rank Trivers-Willard hypothesis

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Effect of water level fluctuations on temporal-spatial patterns of foraging activities by the wintering Hooded Crane(Grus monacha)

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Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 169-177页

作者： Dongmei Zhang Lizhi Zhou Yunwei Song School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information Center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:The Yangtze River floodplain provides important wintering habitats for Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha) in *** in the water level change foraging habitat and food availability,affecting their temporal-spatial patterns of foraging *** is of considerable importance to investigate the effect of these fluctuations on food availability for wintering Hooded Cranes and their foraging response to these *** their behavior patterns is beneficial in protecting the wintering crane population and restoring their wintering ***:A field survey of the winter behavior of cranes was carried out at Shengjin Lake from November in 2013 to April in *** variables,as well as the spatial distribution and behavior patterns of wintering cranes at their foraging sites during five stages of water level fluctuation were *** on this data we analyzed the relationship of foraging behavior relative to water level fluctuations and habitat ***:The foraging habitats used by Hooded Cranes varied at the different water level *** the water level decreased,the use of meadows and mudflats *** the water dropped to its lowest level,the use by the Hooded Crane in the mudflats reached a *** were statistically significant differences in time budget in the three types of habitats over the five stages of the water *** the mudflats,the foraging behavior and maintenance behavior varied significantly with the water level,while the alert behavior showed little *** of a generalized linear model showed that the five water level stages and three habitat types had a significant effect on foraging behavior,while the combined effect of these two variables was significant on the foraging time budget and the length of foraging activity of the Hooded ***:With the decrease in the water level,the use of mudflats by Hooded Cranes increased *** availability in differ

关键词： Water level fluctuations Foraging activity Temporal-spatial pattern Hooded Crane Grus monacha

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status of selected tree nurseries in the Ethiopian highlands

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Journal of Forestry research 2021年第3期32卷 1189-1201页

作者： Fisseha Asmelash Tamrat Bekele Fassil Kebede Zerihun Belay Forest and Rangeland Plants biodiversity Directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia Department of Plant Biology and biodiversity Management Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia Center for Soil and Fertilizer research in Africa Mohammed VI Polytechnic UniversityBen GuerirMorocco Department of Applied Biology School of Natural SciencesAdama Science and Technology UniversityAdamaEthiopia

We investigated the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)status of ten nurseries suitable for restoration of dry evergreen Afromontane forests in *** quantified AMF root colonization(RC)and spore abundance(SA)in seedlings of nine native tree species namely Acacia abyssinica *** Benth.,Cordia africana Lam.,Dovyalis abyssinica(***.)Warb.,H agenia abyssinica ***.,Juniperus procera *** Endl.,Millettia ferruginea(Hochst.)Baker,Olea europaea ***.c uspidata(*** ***)Cif.,Podocarpus falcatus(Thunb.)*** *** Prunus africana(Hook.f.)*** used the ink and vinegar method to stain AMF in *** levels ranged from 8.00 to 99.67%and were generally higher than the RC levels reported from other similar nurseries in *** levels ranged from 1 to 25 spores g~(-1)and werecomparable with some reports from the field in Ethiopia but they were lower than levels reported by another similar *** was more affected by host species than nursery location,while the reverse was true for *** results also showed that nursery management could improve AMF status among *** all nursery tree species were considered,RC and SA levels were *** strong correlation existed between the nursery management variables considered and RC or ***,considering ***,*** and *** separately,RC-age(r_(s)=0.829,P=0.042)correlation for *** and RC-pot diameter(r_(s)=0.820,P=0.046),RC-pot volume(r_(s)=0.928,P=0.008)and SA-age(r_(s)=0.943,P=0.005)correlations for ***,were significant,strong and ***,most of the tree species and particularly,early-mid successional tree species had sufficient AMF ***,only the mid-late successional tree species;***,***,and *** may require AMF inoculation,preferably,during filed *** on our results,age and pot volume were identified to be important variables potentially affecting RC and *** better understand the effects of t

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Dovyalis abyssinica Dry evergreen afromontane forests Forest restoration Ink and vinegar staining Tree nursery

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Differentiation of Indica-Japonica rice revealed by insertion/deletion(InDel)fragments obtained from the comparative genomic study of DNA sequences between 93-11(Indica)and Nipponbare (Japonica)

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第3期2卷 291-296页

作者： CAI Xingxing LIU Jing QIU Yinqiu ZHAO Wei SONG Zhiping LU Baorong Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science at Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

DNA polymorphisms from nucleotide insertion/deletions(InDels)in genomic sequences are the basis for developing InDel molecular *** validate the InDel primer pairs on the basis of the comparative genomic study on DNA sequences between an Indica rice 93-11 and a Japonica rice Nipponbare for identifying Indica and Japonica rice varieties and studying wild Oryza species,we studied 49 Indica,43 Japonica,and 24 wild rice accessions collected from ten Asian countries using 45 InDel primer *** indicated that of the 45 InDel primer pairs,41 can accurately identify Indica and Japonica rice varieties with a reliability of over 80%.The scatter plotting data of the principal compo-nent analysis(PCA)indicated that:(i)the InDel primer pairs can easily distinguish Indica from Japonica rice varieties,in addition to revealing their genetic differentiation;(ii)the AA-genome wild rice species showed a relatively close genetic relationship with the Indica rice varieties;and(iii)the non-AA genome wild rice species did not show evident differentiation into the Indica and Japonica *** is con-cluded from the study that most of the InDel primer pairs obtained from DNA sequences of 93-11 and Nipponbare can be used for identifying Indica and Japonica rice varieties,and for studying genetic relationships of wild rice species,particularly in terms of the Indica-Japonica differentiation.

关键词： Asian cultivated rice InDel primer pairs Indica-Japonica differentiation variety identification

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Genetic Differentiation Among Populations of Octopus minor Based on Simple Sequence Repeats Mined from Transcriptome Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第5期21卷 1265-1272页

作者： NAN Ze XU Ran HOU Chunqiang ZHENG Xiaodong institute of Evolution and Marine biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Tianjin Fisheries research institute Tianjin 300457China

Octopus minor(Sasaki 1920)is an important commercial cephalopod species in *** species has declined sharply in recent ***,genetic studies of *** are imperative to exploit and manage the wild *** this study,46192 microsatellite loci were discovered in 70174 unigenes from the transcriptomic *** all of the simple sequence repeat(SSR)unit categories,di-nucleotide and tri-nucleotide SSRs accounted for 45.26%and 14.49%,respectively.A total of 108 SSRs were tested,of which 21 were neutral and *** SSRs were selected for genetics analyses of the *** populations in the Bohai Sea,the Yellow Sea,and the southwest coast of the Taiwan Strait *** pairwise F_(st) values were detected among the *** UPGMA tree based on genetic distances suggested that the sampling locations could be arranged in three *** markers are evidence that the populations in this region may be structured,with samples from Penghu differing remarkably from those in northern *** present study characterized genetic markers for population assessment,management,and conservation of ***.

关键词： Octopus minor transcriptome simple sequence repeats genetic divergence

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A Comparative Study on the Buoyancy of Resting Eggs from Different Artemia Populations, with Emphasis on Its Relationships with Habitat Salinity and Biometric Characters of Resting Eggs

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1585-1596页

作者： ZHOU Jiaxuan HUANG Zhike GUO Yan SUN Shichun The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution&Marine BiodiversityOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fisheries research institute Urumqi 830002China

The buoyancy of Artemia resting eggs is a feature with both biological and economic *** the buoyancy of resting eggs is dependent on the specific weight of the eggs or salinity of ambient water,we suppose that habitat salinity may exert a selection pressure on resting egg buoyancy,and thereby lower habitat salinity may result in better floating capacity of resting eggs and vice *** this study,we compared the floating capacity of resting eggs from 25 Artemia *** results showed that the floating capacity of resting eggs varied greatly among different *** minimum salinity to float some eggs varied from 0 to *** salinity at which all resting eggs floated varied from 80 to *** FS_(50)(salinity with 50%eggs floating)of Zhundong and Yuncheng population was not detectable(over 50%eggs floating in distilled water),that of Kyêbxang Co population was 4.3,while the maximum value found in Dabancheng population was *** terms of the‘apparent specific weight’of resting eggs,18 populations exhibited a single-peak distribution pattern,while the other 7 populations showed a multiple-peak or non-peak *** correlations were found between FS50 and chorion thickness,and between FS_(50) and the volume percentage of the chorion in eggs,supporting a previous standpoint that shell thickness was a determinative factor for the floating capacity of resting eggs.A positive correlation was determined between FS50 and habitat *** hypothesis that habitat salinity may cause a directional selection on the buoyancy of resting eggs seems to be true.

关键词： brine shrimp cyst floating capacity shell thickness

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Indigenous parasitoids as effective natural enemies of Phyllocnistis citrella(Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae)in Korea

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Journal of Forestry research 2017年第1期28卷 183-187页

作者： Sanghyeob Lee Da-Som Kim Il-Kwon Kim Chung-Won Choi Rokyeon Hwang Deok-Seo Ku Bong-Kyu Byun Department of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Engineering research institute Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology Hannam University461-6 Jeonmin-dongYuseong-guDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea Division of Forest biodiversity Korea National ArboretumPocheon 11186Republic of Korea Citrus research institute SeogwipoJeju 63607Republic of Korea The Science Museum of Natural Enemies Geochang 50147Republic of Korea

This study is aimed to investigate the occurrence of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton （citrus leafminer; CLM）, which has recently caused increasing damage to citrus farms in southern South Korea, and its natural enemies, which can act as biological control agents. In the present study, CLM monitoring using sex pheromone traps were conducted in the major citrus farms in the jeju region in South Korea. Also a survey of parasites was carried out to detect the effective control agent for CLM. During the investigation from 2011 to 2015, a relatively large number of adult CLM （2,386,990） were observed in the sex pheromone traps. The mean annual occurrence of CLM was 477,398, which showed an increasing trend with the increase in temperature. A survey of parasites was conducted in November 2015. Six parasites were found, of which, Quadrastichus sp. and Sympiesis sp. showed the highest rates of parasitism. The mean rate of parasitism during the survey period was 3.97 %. We discovered four new species of parasites of CLM in South Korea.

关键词： CLM Biological control. Parasitoid Korea

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Morphology and SSU rD NA Sequence Analysis of Two Hypotrichous Ciliates(Protozoa, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) Including the New Species Metaurostylopsis parastruederkypkeae ***.

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第5期15卷 866-878页

作者： LU Borong WANG Chundi HUANG Jie SHI Yuhong CHEN Xiangrui School of Marine Sciences Ningbo University institute of Evolution & Marine biodiversity Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Aquatic biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The morphology and phylogeny of two hypotrichous ciliates, Metaurostylopsis parastruederkypkeae n. sp. and Neourostylopsis flavicana(Wang et al., 2011) Chen et al., 2013 were investigated based on morphology, infraciliature and the small subunit(SSU) ribosomal RNA gene(r RNA) sequence. The new species, M. parastruederkypkeae n. sp. was identified according to its characteristics: body shape ellipsoidal, size about(165–200) ×(45–60) μm in vivo, cell color reddish; two types of cortical granules including wheat grain-like and yellow-greenish larger ones along the marginal cirri rows and dorsal kineties and dot-like and reddish smaller ones, grouped around marginal cirri on ventral side and arranged in short lines on dorsal side; 26–41 adoral membranelles; three frontal and one parabuccal, five to seven frontoterminal, one buccal, and three to six transverse cirri; seven to thirteen midventral pairs; five to nine unpaired ventral cirri, five to seven left and three to five right marginal rows; and three complete dorsal kineties. Phylogenetic analysis based on SSU r DNA sequences showed that both Metaurostylopsis and Neourostylopsis are monophyletic. As the internal relationship between and within both genera are not clear, further studies on the species in these two genera are necessary. The key characteristics of all known twelve Metaurostylopsis-Apourostylopsis-Neourostylopsis species complex were updated.

关键词： dorsal Species genera granules marginal phylogeny arrows ventral subunit RNA

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Male attacks on infants and infant death during male takeovers in wild white-headed langurs(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 365-377页

作者： Lijie YIN Tong JIN Kunio WATANABE Dagong QIN Dezhi WANG Wenshi PAN Center for Nature and Society School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Chongzuo biodiversity research institute Peking UniversityChongzuoGuangxiChina Primate research institute Kyoto UniversityJapan The Nature Conservancy China ProgramKunmingYunnanChina

Infanticide was first observed in langurs nearly 50 years ago,and this rare phenomenon has been inferred to have either an evolutionarily adaptive function or to be a pathological and non-functional *** this study,we report 5 male takeover events in one-male groups of white-headed langurs in the Nongguan Karst Hills,Guangxi,China from 1998 to *** recorded 13 attacks on 9 infants by extra-group males or new resident *** the male takeovers,all of the infants younger than 6 months(with an average age of 3.6 months[N=11])in the groups *** infant death rate during the 4.2 months after takeover by a new male was significantly higher than the infant death rate calculated for most of the *** infants that were still nursing(with an average age of 14.1 months[N=7])were often attacked and seriously wounded by the extra-group males or new resident males,but all of them *** interbirth intervals of females whose infants were assumed to be killed by males were significantly reduced relative to those of females in groups with stable male tenure(mean=10 months vs 25 months).Our data suggest that males kill unrelated and unweaned infants during the takeover period to decrease the time until the infants’mothers resume ***,infanticide would support sexual selection theory in white-headed *** data also show that infanticidal behavior was directed toward the infants,especially those who were still *** dispersal may function as a counter-strategy to avoid infanticide.

关键词： infanticide male takeover sexual selection hypothesis Trachypithecus leucocephalus whiteheaded langur

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