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The price of protection:a defensive endosymbiont impairs nymph growth in the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 69-85页

作者： Daniel J.Leyboume Jorunn I.B.Bos Tracy A.Valentine Alison J.Karley Division of Plant Sciences School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeU K Cell and molecular Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK Ecological Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK

Bacterial endosymbionts have enabled aphids to adapt to a range of stressors,but their effects in many aphid species remain to be *** bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus),is an important pest of cereals worldwide and has been reported to form symbiotic associations with Serratia symbiotica and Sitobion miscanthi L-type symbiont endobacteria,although the resulting aphid phenotype has not been *** study presents the first report of *** infection with the facultative bacterial endosymbiont Hamiltonella *** of *** were sampled from populations in Eastern Scotland,UK,and shown to represent seven *** genotypes based on the size of polymorphic microsatellite markers;two of these genotypes harbored *** parasitism assays,survival of ***-infected nymphs following attack by the parasitoid wasp Aphidius colemani(Viereck)was 5 fold higher than for uninfected *** genotype was a major determinant of aphid performance on two Hordeum species,a modern cultivar of barley *** and a wild relative ***,although aphids infected with *** showed 16%lower nymph mass gain on the partially resistant wild relative compared with uninfected *** findings suggest that deploying resistance traits in barley will favor the fittest *** genotypes,but symbiontinfected individuals will be favored when parasitoids are abundant,although these aphids will not achieve optimal performance on a poor quality host plant.

关键词： cereal aphid Hamiltonella defensa Hordeum spontaneum Hordeum vulgare symbiosis

Exploring behavioral traits over different contexts in four species of Australian funnel-web spiders

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 766-774页

作者： Linda Hernandez Duran David Thomas Wilson Tasmin Lee Rymer College of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityP.O.Box 6811CairnsQLD 4870Australia Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences James Cook UniversityCairnsQLD 4870Australia Centre for molecular Therapeutics Austr alian Institute for Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook UniversityCairnsQLD 4878Australia

Australian funnel-web spiders are arguably the most venomous spiders in the world,with much research focusing on this aspect of their ***,other aspects related to their life history,ecology and behaviour have been *** the first time,we assessed *** risk-taking behaviour,aggressiveness and activity in the contexts of predation,conspecific tolerance and exploration of a new territory in four species of Australian funnel-web spiders:two are closely related,Hadronyche valida and ***,and two have overlapping distributions but occupy different habitats,*** and Atrax *** also compared behaviors between *** the species level,we found that *** showed consistency in risk-taking behavior when exposed to a predator stimulus,aggressiveness against conspecifics,and exploration of a new *** contrast,in the other species,only *** showed repeatability in the context of exploration of a new *** results suggest that some behavioral traits are likely more flexible than others,and that the repeatability of behaviors may be species-specific in *** we compared species,we found differences in risk-taking behavior and *** study provides novel insights to understanding variation in behavioral traits within and between species of funnel-web spiders,suggesting that some behavioral traits are likely context and/or species dependent,as a result of their evolutionary *** findings provide key insights for understanding the ecological role of behavior and venom deployment in venomous animals,and a greater understanding of behavior in these medically significant and iconic spiders thatareof conservation concern.

关键词： arachnids behavior ecological contexts flexibility mygalomorphae repeatability

Non-canonical BRAF variants and rearrangements in hairy cell leukemia

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Oncology Research 2024年第9期32卷 1423-1427页

作者： STEPHEN E.LANGABEER Cancer molecular Diagnostics St.James’s HospitalDublinD08 W9RTIreland

Hairy cell leukemia(HCL)is an uncommon mature B-cell malignancy characterized by a typical morphology,immunophenotype,and clinical *** vast majority of HCL patients harbor the canonical BRAF V600E mutation which has become a rationalized target of the subsequently deregulated RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling pathway in HCL patients who have relapsed or who are refractory to front-line ***,several HCL patients with a classical phenotype display non-canonical BRAF mutations or *** include sequence variants within alternative exons and an oncogenic fusion with the IGH *** must be taken in the molecular diagnostic work-up of patients with typical HCL but without the BRAF V600E to include investigation of these uncommon ***,functional characterization,and reporting of further such patients is likely to provide insights into the pathogenesis of HCL and enable rational selection of targeted inhibitors in such patients if required.

关键词： Hairy cell leukemia BRAF molecular diagnostics Targeted therapy

PIM kinase inhibition:co-targeted therapeutic approaches in prostate cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 2430-2439页

作者： Sabina Luszczak Christopher Kumar Vignesh Krishna Sathyadevan Benjamin S.Simpson Kathy A.Gately Hayley C.Whitaker Susan Heavey molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group University College LondonLondonUK Trinity Translational Medicine Institute St.James’s Hospital DublinDublin 8DublinIreland

PIM kinases have been shown to play a role in prostate cancer development and progression,as well as in some of the hallmarks of cancer,especially proliferation and *** upregulation in prostate cancer has been correlated with decreased patient overall survival and therapy *** efforts to inhibit PIM with monotherapies have been hampered by compensatory upregulation of other pathways and drug toxicity,and as such,it has been suggested that co-targeting PIM with other treatment approaches may permit lower doses and be a more viable option in the ***,we present the rationale and basis for cotargeting PIM with inhibitors of PI3K/mTOR/AKT,JAK/STAT,MYC,stemness,and RNA Polymerase I transcription,along with other therapies,including androgen deprivation,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and *** combined approaches could potentially be used as neoadjuvant therapies,limiting the development of resistance to treatments or sensitizing cells to other *** determine which drugs should be combined with PIM inhibitors for each patient,it will be key to develop companion diagnostics that predict response to each co-targeted option,hopefully providing a personalized medicine pathway for subsets of prostate cancer patients in the future.

关键词： targeted doses viable

Developing a new model system for potato genetics by androgenesis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第4期63卷 628-633页

作者： Miru Du Ting Wang Qun Lian Xiaojie Zhang Guohui Xin Yuanyuan Pu Glenn JBryan Jianjian Qi Inner Mongolia Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Cell and molecular Sciences The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK

High heterozygosity and tetrasomic inheritance complicate studies of asexually propagated polyploids,such as *** genetics approaches,especially mutant library construction,can be an ideal choice if a proper mutagenesis genotype is ***,we aimed to generate a model system for potato research using anther cultures of Solanum verrucosum,a self-compatible diploid potato with strong late blight *** of the 23 regenerants obtained(SVA4,SVA7,SVA22,SVA23,SVA32,and SVA33)were diploids,and their homozygosity was estimated to be>99.99%with 22 polymorphic In Del *** lines-SVA4 and SVA32-had reduced stature(plant height≤80 cm),high seed yield(>1,000 seeds/plant),and good tuber set(>30 tubers/plant).We further confirmed the full homozygosity of SVA4 and SVA32 using wholegenome *** two regenerants possess all the characteristics of a model plant:diploidy,100%homozygosity,self-compatibility,and amenability to ***,we have successfully generated two lines,SVA4 and SVA32,which can potentially be used for mutagenesis and as model plants to rejuvenate current methods of conducting potato research.

关键词： diploid potato homozygous model system self-compatible Solanum verrucosum

Cervicovaginal microbiome dynamics after taking oral probiotics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第8期48卷 716-726页

作者： Chen Chen Lilan Hao Zhe Zhang Liu Tian Xiaowei Zhang Jie Zhu Zhuye Jie Xin Tong Liang Xiao Tao Zhang Xin Jin Xun Xu Huanming Yang Jian Wang Karsten Kristiansen Huijue Jia BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518083China laboratory of Genomics and molecular Biomedicine Department of BiologyUniversitetsparken 13University of CopenhagenDenmark Shenzhen Engineering laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome BGI-Shenzhen BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdao 266555China james D.Watson Institute of Genome Sciences Hangzhou 310058China

The vaginal microbiota is less complex than the gut microbiota,and the colonization of Lactobacillus in the female vagina is considered to be critical for reproductive *** probiotics have been suggested as promising means to modulate vaginal homeostasis in the general *** this study,60 Chinese women were followed for over a year before,during,and after treatment with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri *** metagenomic data of 1334 samples from multiple body sites did not support a colonization route of the probiotics from the oral cavity to the intestinal tract and then to the *** analyses enable the classification of the cervicovaginal microbiome into a stable state and a state of *** microbiome in the stable group steadily maintained a relatively high abundance of Lactobacilli over one year,which was not affected by probiotic intake,whereas in the dysbiosis group,the microbiota was more diverse and changed markedly over *** from a subset of the dysbiosis group suggests this subgroup possibly benefited from supplementation with the probiotics,indicating that probiotics supplementation can be prescribed for women in a subclinical microbiome setting of dysbiosis,providing opportunities for targeted and personalized microbiome reconstitution.

关键词： Oral probiotics Cervicovaginal microbiome Shotgun metagenomic data

Hepatocellular carcinoma and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis:The state of play

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2494-2502页

作者： Bérénice Charrez Liang Qiao Lionel Hebbard Department of molecular and Cell Biology James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia Westmead Millennium Institute Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is now the fifth cancer of greatest frequency and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Chief amongst the risks of HCC are hepatitis B and C infection, aflatoxin B1 ingestion, alcoholism and obesity. The latter can promote non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), that can lead to the inflammatory form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), and can in turn promote HCC. The mechanisms by which NASH promotes HCC are only beginning to be characterized. Here in this review, we give a summary of the recent findings that describe and associate NAFLD and NASH with the subsequent HCC progression. We will focus our discussion on clinical and genomic associations that describe new risks for NAFLD and NASH promoted HCC. In addition, we will consider novel murine models that clarify some of the mechanisms that drive NASH HCC formation.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatocellular carcinoma Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Models Mice

Over 50,000 Metagenomically Assembled Draft Genomes for the Human Oral Microbiome Reveal New Taxa

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 246-259页

作者： Jie Zhu Liu Tian Peishan Chen Mo Han Liju Song Xin Tong Xiaohuan Sun Fangming Yang Zhipeng Lin Xing Liu Chuan Liu Xiaohan Wang Yuxiang Lin Kaiye Cai Yong Hou Xun Xu Huanming Yang Jian Wang Karsten Kristiansen Liang Xiao Tao Zhang Huijue Jia Zhuye Jie BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518083China Shenzhen Engineering laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518083China laboratory of Genomics and molecular Biomedicine Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark james D.Watson Institute of Genome Sciences Hangzhou 310058China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdao 266555China

The oral cavity of each person is home to hundreds of bacterial *** taxa for oral diseases have been studied using culture-based characterization as well as amplicon sequencing,metagenomic and genomic information remains scarce compared to the fecal ***,using metagenomic shotgun data for 3346 oral metagenomic samples together with 808 published samples,we obtain 56,213 metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs),and more than 64%of the 3589 species-level genome bins(SGBs)contain no publicly available *** resulting genome collection is representative of samples around the world and contains many genomes from candidate phyla radiation(CPR)that lack ***,it enables the discovery of new taxa such as a genus Candidatus Bgiplasma within the family ***-scale metagenomic data from massive samples also allow the assembly of strains from important oral taxa such as Porphyromonas and *** oral microbes encode genes that could potentially metabolize *** from these findings,a strongly male-enriched Campylobacter species was *** samples would be more user-friendly collected than fecal samples and have the potential for disease ***,these data lay down a genomic framework for future inquiries of the human oral microbiome.

关键词： Metagenomics Human oral microbiome Metagenome-assembly genome Genome catalog Gender

A murine model of tuberculosis/type 2 diabetes comorbidity for investigating the microbiome,metabolome and associated immune parameters

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 181-188页

作者： Harindra D.Sathkumara Janet L.Eaton Matt A.Field Brenda L.Govan Natkunam Ketheesan Andreas Kupz Centre for molecular Therapeutics Australian Institute of Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook UniversityCairns&TownsvilleQLDAustralia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLDAustralia Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and molecular Biology James Cook UniversityCairnsQLDAustralia John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia

Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the *** meta-bolic disease type 2 diabetes(T2D)significantly increases the risk of developing ac-tive *** new TB vaccine candidates and novel therapeutic interventions are required to meet the challenges of global TB *** evidence suggests that the microbiota plays a significant role in how the host responds to infection,in-jury and neoplastic *** models that closely reflect human physiology are crucial in assessing new treatments and to decipher the underlying immunological defects responsible for increased TB susceptibility in comorbid *** this study,using a diet-induced murine T2D model that reflects the etiopathogenesis of clinical T2D and increased TB susceptibility,we investigated how the intestinal microbiota may impact the development of T2D,and how the gut microbial composition changes following a very low-dose aerosol infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb).Our data revealed a substantial intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in T2D mice compared to non-diabetic *** observed differences were comparable to previous clini-cal reports in TB patients,in which it was shown that Mtb infection causes rapid loss of microbial ***,diversity index and principle component analyses demonstrated distinct clustering of Mtb-infected non-diabetic mice ***-infected T2D *** findings support a broad applicability of T2D mice as a tractable small animal model for studying distinct immune parameters,microbiota and the immune-metabolome of TB/T2D *** model may also enable answers to be found to critical outstanding questions about targeted interventions of the gut mi-crobiota and the gut-lung axis.

关键词： gut microbiota host microbe interaction infectious diseases tuberculosis type 2 diabetes