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China CDC weekly 2024年第36期6卷 934-938页

作者： Xi Wang Rongfeng Zhou Ting Li Shuai Du Ayan Mao Wuqi Qiu Hongzhou Lu Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesThe Third People’s Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina.

This study examines the socioeconomic and public health effects of a recent respiratory illness outbreak in northern China,focusing on Beijing following the lifting of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** analyzes the implications of increased influenza A(H3N2)and Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases on urban health systems and economic *** mixed-methods study integrated a review of academic and governmental literature,a quantitative analysis of public health data,and a qualitative assessment of response *** indicate a significant increase in respiratory illnesses in late 2023,prompting a proactive response from health authorities that involved expanded hospital capacity and intensified ***,including resource limitations and public health fatigue,persisted,affecting response *** outbreak management was achieved through immediate health responses,although the event highlighted the need for improved infrastructure,surveillance,and policy *** emphasize the importance of international collaboration and comprehensive preparedness plans to strengthen global health security for future epidemics.

关键词： intensified lifting prompt

Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Clinical Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection

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infectious Microbes & diseases 2024年第2期6卷 100-102页

作者： Lanlan Xiao Shuai Zhao Hongjuan Wang Liang Yu Jing Guo Xinyi Wu Xiaowei Xu State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University NantongChina Zhejiang University City College HangzhouChina

The purpose of this study was to assess the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)for rapid diagnosis of diseases caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM).We retrospectively reviewed four NTM-infected cases diagnosed by smear microscopy,mycobacterial culture and mNGS *** found that the mNGS method not only had a shorter detection turnaround time(3–4 days)than Mycobacterium culture(15–20 days)but also had higher sensitivity and specificity to identify NTM compared with conventional detection *** addition,mNGS was able to identify coinfections by NTM and other bacteria,fungi or ***,diagnosis of NTM by mNGS can provide timely and precise guidance for subsequent clinical treatment of NTM infections.

关键词： nontuberculous mycobacteria metagenomic next-generation sequencing mycobacterial culture turnaround time

Safety and efficacy of omalizumab for antihistamine-resistant chronic urticaria in children:a case series and literature review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 294-298页

作者： Wei-Fang Zhu Chen Wang Jian-Jun Qiao Lan-Juan Li Department of Dermatology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Chronic urticaria(CU)is a common skin disease characterized by the occurrence of wheals,with or without angioedema,lasting more than 6 *** prevalence of CU is about 0.7%[1],but higher in children,with an incidence of 1.38%[1].The occurrence of severe pruritus and unpredictable wheals may severely impact patients'quality of life,cause psychological problems,including sleep disorders and depression,and lead to economic burden due to limitation on daily life and work[2,3].

关键词： edema prevalence children

The Current State and Progress of Mpox Vaccine research

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China CDC weekly 2024年第7期6卷 118-125页

作者： Xinlong Wang Zhixia Gu Shugui Sheng Rui Song Ronghua Jin Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging infectious diseases Institute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Center for infectious diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

On July 23,2022,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared the monkeypox(mpox)outbreak a“Public Health Emergency of International Concern.”Since 2022,outbreaks of mpox in many countries around the world have primarily resulted in fatalities among immunocompromised individuals,such as untreated HIV/AIDS *** the eradication of smallpox was declared by the WHO in 1980,the global vaccination against smallpox has been gradually *** also stopped routine smallpox vaccination in *** protective effect of the smallpox vaccine has decreased over time due to aging and declining immunity in those who were *** individuals,timely vaccination against smallpox is an effective means of protection against ***,due to safety concerns with the smallpox vaccine and the limitations of current mpox vaccines,there is no vaccine that is safe,effective,and has low side effects applied in clinical *** article provides a comprehensive review of the development of mpox virus(MPXV)vaccines,their application in special populations,and the current state of vaccine research,considering the etiology,transmission,and prevention of the ***,as an effective method of epidemic prevention,can provide long-term immune protection and effectively reduce the severity of ***,as there is no licensed specific MPXV vaccine available globally,the vaccines currently used for mpox prevention are mostly smallpox *** smallpox vaccines can offer some degree of protection against mpox by activating cross-protection in the body.

关键词： prevention routine protective

Fat necrosis of liver in a patient with mixed type liver cirrhosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 535-537页

作者： Li-Fang Shao Xiao-Min Shen Wei Yu Department of Nursing the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

To the Editor: Fatty liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol related fatty liver disease, have become a major public health concern [ 1, 2 ]. Fatty liver diseases have been shown to progress through various stages, from steatosis or necrosis with inflammation and hepatocyte damage to the development of fibrosis and eventual cirrhosis with an increased risk of carcinoma [ 2, 3 ].

关键词： cirrhosis diseases liver

Accelerating the Control and Elimination of Major Parasitic diseases in China—On World NTD Day 2024

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China CDC weekly 2024年第6期6卷 95-99页

作者： Yuwan Hao Tian Tian Zelin Zhu Yijun Chen Jing Xu Shuai Han Menbao Qian Yi Zhang Shizhu Li Qiang Wang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for infectious diseases National Institute of Parasitic DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthWHO Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International research on Tropical diseases Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChinaSchool of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)are a group of diseases associated with poverty that affect over 1 billion people worldwide(1).On May 31,2021,the World Health Assembly(WHA)officially recognized January 30 as World Neglected Tropical diseases Day through decision WHA74(18).This designation aims to raise awareness about the severe impact of NTDs on disadvantaged populations and to mobilize support for control,elimination,and eradication efforts.

关键词： diseases diseases disadvantage

Detection of HBV DNA integration in plasma cell-free DNA of different HBV diseases utilizing DNA capture strategy

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 655-666页

作者： Zerui Yang Jingyan Zeng Yueyue Chen Mengchun Wang Hongchun Luo Ai-Long Huang Haijun Deng Yuan Hu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on infectious diseases Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China Department of infectious diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China

The landscape of hepatitis B virus(HBV)integration in the plasma cell-free DNA(cfDNA)of HBV-infected patients with different stages of liver diseases[chronic hepatitis B(CHB),liver cirrhosis(LC),and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)]remains *** this study,we developed an improved strategy for detecting HBV DNA integration in plasma cfDNA,based on DNA probe capture and next-generation *** this optimized strategy,we successfully detected HBV integration events in chimeric artificial DNA samples and HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells at day one post infection,with high sensitivity and *** characteristics of HBV integration events in the HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells and plasma cfDNA from HBV-infected individuals(CHB,LC,and HCC)were further investigated.A total of 112 and 333 integration breakpoints were detected in the HepG2-NTCP cells and 22 out of 25(88%)clinical HBV-infected samples,*** vivo analysis showed that the normalized number of support unique sequences(nnsus)in HCC was significantly higher than in CHB or LC patients(P values<0.05).All integration breakpoints are randomly distributed on human chromosomes and are enriched in the HBV genome around nt *** majority of integration breakpoints(61.86%)are located in the gene-coding *** non-homologous end-joining(NHEJ)and microhomology-mediated end-joining(MMEJ)interactions occurred during HBV integration across the three different stages of liver *** study provides evidence that HBV DNA integration can be detected in the plasma cfDNA of HBV-infected patients,including those with CHB,LC,or HCC,using this optimized strategy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA integration Cell-free DNA(cfDNA) DNA capture

LRP1 facilitates hepatic glycogenesis by improving the insulin signaling pathway in HFD-fed mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第5期 696-706页

作者： Xingxian Guo Jiangxia Pu Ziqi Tang Can Jia Fan Yang Tianyi Liu Yinyuan Ding centre for Lipid research & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Metabolism on Lipid and Glucose Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education) Department of Infectious Diseases Institute for Viral Hepatitis The Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University

Background: LDL receptor-related protein-1(LRP1) is a cell-surface receptor that functions in diverse physiological pathways. We previously demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific LRP1 deficiency(hLRP1KO) promotes diet-induced insulin resistance and increases hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. However, it remains unclear whether LRP1 regulates hepatic ***: Insulin signaling, glycogenic gene expression, and glycogen content were assessed in mice and HepG2 cells. The pcDNA 3.1 plasmid and adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector(AAV8) were used to overexpress the truncated β-chain(βΔ) of LRP1 both in vitro and in ***: On a normal chow diet, hLRP1KO mice exhibited impaired insulin signaling and decreased glycogen content. Moreover, LRP1 expression in HepG2 cells was significantly repressed by palmitate in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Both LRP1 knockdown and palmitate treatment led to reduced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β, increased levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase(GYS), and diminished glycogen synthesis in insulin-stimulated HepG2 cells, which was restored by exogenous expression of the βΔ-chain. By contrast, AAV8-mediated hepatic βΔ-chain overexpression significantly improved the insulin signaling pathway, thus activating glycogenesis and enhancing glycogen storage in the livers of high-fat diet(HFD)-fed ***: Our data revealed that LRP1, especially its β-chain, facilitates hepatic glycogenesis by improving the insulin signaling pathway, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy for hepatic insulin resistance-related diseases.

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Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae Co-Producing KPC-2 and MCR-8 in the Feces of an ICU Patient From China

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infectious Microbes & diseases 2024年第3期6卷 152-157页

作者： Hongxin Fu Hao Xu Ruishan Liu Yi Liu Xiaojing Liu Xiaohan Ma Yu Yang Kexin Guo Chiqing Ying Danfeng Fang Sijie Qian Beiwen Zheng Weibo Du State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Beihua UniversityJilinChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Structure and Morphology Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanChina research Units of infectious diseases and Microecology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina

It is critical to acknowledge that the coexistence of genes related to carbapenem and polymyxin resistance can exacerbate challenges in antimicrobial *** this study,we identified Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate L2425 fromthe feces of an ICU patient in *** isolate belongs to sequence type 11 and carries the antimicrobial resistance genes blaKPC-2,bla_(CTX-M-65) and *** S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Southern blotting analysis,we confirmed the presence of a~110 kb plasmid harboring the mcr-8 gene with a conserved structure(inhA-mcr-8-ompR-dgkA-IS903B).Furthermore,another~130 kb plasmid carrying bla_(KPC-2) was detected along with a composite transposon flanked by insertion sequence *** experiments demonstrated that both pL2425-KPC-2 and pL2425-MCR-8 plasmids were ***,this is the first instance of clinical fecal samples from China containing a *** strain carrying both blaKPC-2 and mcr-8 *** findings underscore the significance of surveillance for carbapenemases and mobile colistin–resistance variants.

关键词： Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 11 KPC-2 MCR-8

Correlation of Oral Microbiota With Different Immune Responses to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living With HIV

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infectious Microbes & diseases 2024年第2期6卷 85-92页

作者： Jingying Pan Xiaodi Zhang Danrong Shi Xuebin Tian Lijun Xu Xiangyun Lu Mingqing Dong Peng Yao Zhaoyi Pan Nanping Wu Hangping Yao State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of infectious Disease Zhejiang Qingchun HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory JinanChina

Both HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy(ART)affect the oral *** successful treatment with ART in people living with HIV(PLWH),which leads to a significant decline in viral loads and immune reconstitution,is associated with changes in or recovery of the oral microbiome remains ***,we performed a cross-sectional study of 118 PLWH receiving regular ART and 40 healthy controls(HCs).Among the 118 PLWH,18 immunological nonresponders(INRs;<200 CD4^(+)T cells/μL)and 30 immunological responders(IRs;≥500 CD4^(+)T cells/μL)were *** oral microbiota composition of all participants was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of throat swab *** abundance of bacterial genera was compared between IRs and INRs,and Pearson correlations between bacterial abundance and peripheral blood immune cell counts were *** INR group showed lower alpha diversity than the IR and HC groups,which displayed similar alpha *** genera Alloprevotella,Prevotella and Neisseria were more abundant in PLWH than in HCs,whereas the genera Rothia,Streptococcus and Fusobacterium were more abundant in HCs than in *** genus Rothia was more abundant in the INR group,whereas Prevotella,Alloprevotella,Porphyromonas and Haemophilus were more abundant in the IR *** genera Rothia and Alloprevotella were negatively and positively associated with CD4^(+)T cell counts,***,an increased abundance of Rothia in the oral microbiome is associated with unfavorable outcomes regarding immune reconstitution in PLWH receiving regular ART,whereas Prevotella,Alloprevotella,Porphyromonas and Haemophilus are associated with favorable outcomes.

关键词： HIV oral microbiome antiretroviral therapy immunological nonresponders immunological responders