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promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Recovery Through Supportive Relationships, partnerships, and Collaboration: perspectives of Social Work practitioners and Human Service professionals

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： julie L.Drolet Mahed Choudhury Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

Shifting demographics—that is, the growing number of older adults in Canada and internationally—and intersecting climatic risks create a complex landscape of aging in place in disaster contexts. Some older adults are vulnerable due to their underlying health conditions and limited physical mobility. Yet they also exhibit resilience in a distinct manner, owing to their wealth of knowledge, wisdom, and ability to navigate adversities. This article elucidates potential avenues for promoting the involvement of older adults in disaster recovery efforts. Our intention is to recognize and foster older adult resilience and mitigate vulnerability by drawing upon insights from the study titled “In the Aftermath of the 2016 Alberta Wildfires: The Role of Social Work practitioners and Human Service professionals in Long-Term Disaster Recovery.” Employing a qualitative research approach, that study recruited 51 participants for semistructured interviews and focus groups. A thematic analysis of the collected data unveiled the pivotal roles played by social workers and human service practitioners in facilitating recovery from the 2016 wildfires in the research. Notably, three overarching themes emerged concerning the promotion of older adults' involvement in disaster recovery: fostering supportive relationships, building partnerships and enhancing collaboration, and addressing ongoing challenges. These findings offer valuable insights into how social work practitioners and human service professionals can effectively facilitate the engagement of older adults in disaster recovery initiatives. This article emphasizes the significance of actively promoting the participation of older adults in disaster mitigation efforts, thereby fostering greater resilience within communities.

关键词： Alberta wildfires Canada Disaster recovery Older adults partnerships and collaboration Social work

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Role of Social Capital in Determining Happiness and Life Satisfaction:Mediation of Self-reported Health Using path Analysis

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Fudan journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 211-242页

作者： Suraj Sharma Department of Economics S.M.(P.G.)CollegeChandausiM.J.P.Rohilkhand UniversityBareilly243006India

This study links social capital with people’s health and well-being using data from the seventh wave of the World Value Survey,logistic regression,and path *** study’s findings show that happiness and life satisfaction are two different measures of the same construct,or *** determinants of each are also characterised differently:while life satisfaction is more of a stable and relative measure and is more strongly influenced by civic cooperation,social participation,and educational attainment,happiness is more of an unstable measure and is more strongly influenced by community belonging,trust and confidence aggregates,including employment and location of residence of an ***,freedom of choice,financial satisfaction or social comparison,and state of health were the most important factors influencing happiness and life *** findings also show that self-reported health(SRH)has a greater impact on happiness than a measure of life *** analysis shows out of the three other components of social capital—community belonging,civic engagement,and social participation—trust and confidence aggregates are the ones that have the biggest impact on increased social *** both well-being measures,SRH mediated the *** life satisfaction measure had a higher level of mediation of SRH than happiness,but social capital had a smaller direct impact on life satisfaction than on *** was found to be partially mediating this relationship for both happiness and life satisfaction measures,which means that people with higher social capital reported feeling better off.

关键词： Happiness Health Life satisfaction path analysis Social capital

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Unveiling vulnerable smart contracts:Toward profiling vulnerable smart contracts using genetic algorithm and generating benchmark dataset

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 58-84页

作者： Sepideh HajiHosseinKhani Arash Habibi Lashkari Ali Mizani Oskui Computer Science Department of Computer Science and EngineeringYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Behavior-Centric Cybersecurity Center(BCCC) School of Information TechnologyYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Financial and Crypto Advisory of Switzerland(FiCAS AG) ZugSwitzerland

Smart contracts(SCs)are crucial in maintaining trust within blockchain ***,existing methods for analyzing SC vulnerabilities often lack accuracy and effectiveness,while approaches based on Deep Neural Networks(DNNs)struggle with detecting complex vulnerabilities due to limited data *** paper proposes a novel approach for analyzing SC *** method leverages an advanced form of the Genetic Algorithm(GA)and includes the development of a comprehensive benchmark dataset consisting of 36,670 Solidity source code *** primary objective of our study is to profile vulnerable SCs *** achieve this goal,we have devised an analyzer called SCsVulLyzer based on GAs,designed explicitly for profiling ***,we have carefully curated a new dataset encompassing a wide range of examples,ensuring the practical validation of our ***,we have established three distinct taxonomies that cover SCs,profiling techniques,and feature *** taxonomies provide a systematic classification and analysis of information,improving the efficiency of our *** methodology underwent rigorous testing through experimentation,and the results demonstrated the superior capabilities of our model in detecting *** to traditional and DNN-based approaches,our approach achieved higher precision,recall,and F1-score,which are widely used metrics for evaluating model *** all these metrics,our model showed exceptional *** customization and adaptations we implemented within the GA significantly enhanced its *** approach detects SC vulnerabilities more efficiently and facilitates robust *** promising results highlight the potential of GA-based profiling to improve the detection of SC vulnerabilities,contributing to enhanced security in blockchain networks.

关键词： Smart contracts(SCs) Vulnerability Vulnerable smart contracts Vulnerability profiling Genetic algorithm

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A systematic review of spatial disaggregation methods for climate action planning

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 458-469页

作者： Shruthi patil Noah pflugradt jann M.Weinand Detlef Stolten jürgen Kropp Institute of Energy and Climate Research Techno-economic Systems Analysis(IEK-3)Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-StraßeJülich52425NRWGermany University of potsdam Institute for Environmental Science and GeographyKarl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25Potsdam-Golm14476BrandenburgGermany Chair for Fuel Cells RWTH Aachen Universityc/o IEK-3Forschungszentrum JülichJülich52425NRWGermany potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research(pIK) Member of the Leibniz AssociationP.O.Box 601203PotsdamD-14412BrandenburgGermany

National-level climate action plans are often formulated broadly. Spatially disaggregating these plans to individual municipalities can offer substantial benefits, such as enabling regional climate action strategies and for assessing the feasibility of national objectives. Numerous spatial disaggregation approaches can be found in the literature. This study reviews and categorizes these. The review is followed by a discussion of the relevant methods for the disaggregation of climate action plans. It is seen that methods employing proxy data, machine learning models, and geostatistical ones are the most relevant methods for the spatial disaggregation of national energy and climate plans. The analysis offers guidance for selecting appropriate methods based on factors such as data availability at the municipal level and the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the *** the urgency of addressing climate change escalates, understanding the spatial aspects of national energy and climate strategies becomes increasingly important. This review will serve as a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners applying spatial disaggregation in this crucial field.

关键词： Spatial downscaling proxy data Mass-preserving Climate action plans Spatial autocorrelation Machine learning Geostatistical models

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Drought-Tolerant Rice at Molecular Breeding Eras:An Emerging Reality

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 179-189页

作者： ZHU Chengqi YE Yuxuan QIU Tian HUANG Yafan YING jifeng SHEN Zhicheng Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China performance plants Inc. 1287 Gardiners RoadKingstonOntario K7P 3J6Canada China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006China

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)stands as the most significantly influential food crop in the developing world,with its total production and yield stability affected by environmental *** stress impacts about 45%of the world’s rice area,affecting plants at molecular,biochemical,physiological,and phenotypic *** conventional breeding method,predominantly employing single pedigree selection,has been widely utilized in breeding numerous drought-tolerant rice varieties since the Green *** rapid progress in plant molecular biology,hundreds of drought-tolerant QTLs/genes have been identified and tested in rice crops under both indoor and field *** genes have been introgressed into elite germplasm to develop commercially accepted drought-tolerant varieties,resulting in the development of several drought-tolerant rice varieties through marker-assisted selection and genetically engineered *** review provides up-to-date information on proof-of-concept genes and breeding methods in the molecular breeding era,offering guidance for rice breeders to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties.

关键词： conventional breeding drought stress drought tolerant rice genetic engineering marker-assisted selection breeding

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Evaluation of E-sail parameters on central spacecraft attitude stability using a high-fidelity rigid–flexible coupling model

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Astrodynamics 2024年第2期8卷 271-284页

作者： Chonggang Du Zheng H.Zhu Changqing Wang Aijun Li Tuanjie Li School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Mechanical Engineering York University4700 Keele StreetTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

This study examines the impact of electric solar wind sail(E-sail)parameters on the attitude stability of E-sail’s central spacecraft by using a comprehensive rigid–flexible coupling dynamic *** this model,the nodal position finite element method is used to model the elastic deformation of the tethers through interconnected two-node tensile *** attitude dynamics of the central spacecraft is described using a natural coordinate *** rigid–flexible coupling between the central spacecraft and its flexible tethers is established using Lagrange *** research reveals the significant influences of parameters such as tether numbers,tether’s electric potential,and solar wind velocity on attitude ***,solar wind fluctuations and the distribution of electric potential on the main tethers considerably affect the attitude stability of the *** consistent management,the angular velocities of the spacecraft must remain at target ***,the attitude stability of a spacecraft has a pronounced dependence on the geometrical configuration of the E-sail,with axisymmetric E-sails proving to be more stable.

关键词： electric solar wind sail(E-sail) space tether nodal position finite element method(NpFEM) natural coordinate formulation (NCF) attitude stability

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planetary health risks in urban agriculture

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Global Health journal 2024年第1期8卷 4-10页

作者： Nilanjana Ganguli Anna Maria Subic janani Maheswaran Byomkesh Talukder Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research&Faculty of Environmental&Urban Change York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Dalla Lana School of public Health University of TorontoTorontoOntario 5T3M7Canada Faculty of Health York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Department of Global Health Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida 33199USA

Urban agriculture is gaining recognition for its potential contributions to environmental resilience and climate change adaptation,providing advantages such as urban greening,reduced heat island effects,and decreased air ***,it indirectly supports communities during weather events and natural disasters,ensuring food security and fostering community ***,concerns about planetary health risks persist in highly urbanized and climate-affected *** electronic databases such as Web of Science and pubMed and adhering to preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,we identified 55 relevant papers to comprehend the planetary health risks associated with urban agriculture,The literature review identified five distinct health risks related to urban agriculture:(1)trace metal risks in urban farms;(2)health risks associated with wastewater irrigation;(3)zoonotic risks;(4)other health risks;and(5)social and economic *** study highlights that urban agriculture,while emphasizing environmental benefits,particularly raises concerns about trace metal bioaccumulation in soil and vegetables,posing health risks for *** well studied risks included wastewater irrigation and backyard livestock *** main limitations in the available literature were in studying infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance associated with urban agriculture.

关键词： Urban agriculture Urbanization Systems-thinking planetary health impacts Comprehensive risk analysis planetary Health Risks Analysis of Urban Agriculture Framework(pHRAUAF) Heuristic

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Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 84-92页

作者： Baolin Wu Chunguang Chen Dmitri L.Danilov Zhiqiang Chen Ming jiang Rüdiger-A.Eichel peter H.L.Notten Forschungszentrum jülich(IEK-9) D-52425Jülich Germany RWTH Aachen University D-52074Aachen Germany LNM Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Eindhoven University of Technology P.O.Box 5135600 MBEindhoven The Netherlands School of Electronics and Information Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New EnergyHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China University of Technology Sydney BroadwaySydney NSW 2007Australia

Anode-free Li-metal batteries are of significant interest to energy storage industries due to their intrinsically high ***,the accumulative Li dendrites and dead Li continuously consume active Li during *** results in a short lifetime and low Coulombic efficiency of anode-free Li-metal *** effective electrolyte additives can improve the Li deposition homogeneity and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)stability for anode-free Li-metal ***,we reveal that introducing dual additives,composed of LiAsF6 and fluoroethylene carbonate,into a low-cost commercial carbonate electrolyte will boost the cycle life and average Coulombic efficiency of NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal *** NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with the dual additives exhibit a capacity retention of about 75%after 50 cycles,much higher than those with bare electrolytes(35%).The average Coulombic efficiency of the NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with additives can maintain 98.3%over 100 *** contrast,the average Coulombic efficiency without additives rapidly decline to 97%after only 50 *** situ Raman measurements reveal that the prepared dual additives facilitate denser and smoother Li morphology during Li *** dual additives significantly suppress the Li dendrite growth,enabling stable SEI formation on anode and cathode *** results provide a broad view of developing low-cost and high-effective functional electrolytes for high-energy and long-life anode-free Li-metal batteries.

关键词： anode-free lithium metal battery dual additives in situ Raman Li growth SEI formation

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Optimization of bio-oil production parameters from the pyrolysis of elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum) using response surface methodology

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 241-251页

作者： Sunday C.Ikpeseni Samuel O.Sada Ufuoma j.Efetobor Henry O.Orugba Mathias Ekpu Hilary I.Owamah jeremiah L.Chukwuneke Solomon Oyebisi Uche p.Onochie Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State PolytechnicP.M.B.3Otefe-OgharaNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.2025AwkaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Covenant UniversityP.M.B.1023OttaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering The University of the South PacificP.M.B.9072SuvaFiji Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State University of Science and TechnologyP.M.B.5OzoroNigeria

The need to increase bio-oil yield from biomass and enhance its fuel properties has driven research into optimizing the pyrolysis *** study investigated the influence of three key process parameters—temperature,heating rate,and nitrogen flow rate—on the pyrolysis of elephant grass(pennisetum purpureum)in a fixed-bed *** surface methodology was used to study the im-pact of the aforementioned variables on bio-oil yield to improve its production *** analysis of the biomass revealed 79.24 wt%volatile matter,14.22 wt%fixed carbon,and 5.86%ash,with ultimate analysis showing 45.44%carbon,5.59%hydrogen,and 40.95%*** high volatile matter content and favourable carbon and hydrogen percentages indicate that elephant grass is a vi-able energy source due to its potential for high bio-oil yield and energy *** resulting bio-oil exhibited a higher heating value of 20.9 Mj/kg,indicating its suitability for various heating applications.A second-order regression model was developed for bio-oil yield,with optimal conditions identified as a temperature of 550°C,a heating rate of 17°C/min,and a nitrogen flow rate of 6 ml/*** study achieved an optimal bio-oil yield of 59.03 wt%,and the model’s high R²value of 0.8683 from analysis of variance analysis confirmed its predictive *** research highlights elephant grass as a sustainable feedstock for bio-oil production,offering valuable insights into optimizing pyrolysis conditions to enhance bio-oil yield,thus advancing biofuel technology.

关键词： renewable energy biomass sustainable feedstock regression model fixed-bed reactor

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Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen byⅢ-nitrides nanowires

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 122-124页

作者： Baowen ZHOU Shuhui SUN Key Laboratory for power Machinery and Engineering of the Ministry of Education School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniveristyShanghai 200240China Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)-CenterÉnergie Matériaux Télécommunications VarennesQuebec J3X 1P7Canada

In a recent article in Nature,Mi and coworkers from the University of Michigan reported a solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency of>9%in converting water into hydrogen and oxygen[1],which represents an important breakthrough in this field due to the benchmarking leap in STH efficiency of photocatalytic overall water splitting under natural sunlight.

关键词： breakthrough splitting Michigan

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