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Fault on-off versus coseismic fluids reaction

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第6期5卷 767-780页

作者： C.Doglioni S.Barba E.Carminati F.Riguzzi dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Università SapienzaRomaItaly istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNRRomaItaly istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia RomaItaly

The fault activation （fault on） interrupts the enduring fault locking （fault off） and marks the end of a seismic cycle in which the brittle-ductile transition （BDT） acts as a sort of switch. We suggest that the fluid flow rates differ during the different periods of the seismic cycle （interseismic, pre-seismic, coseismic and post-seismic） and in particular as a function of the tectonic style. Regional examples indicate that tectonic-related fluids anomalies depend on the stage of the tectonic cycle and the tectonic style. Although it is difficult to model an increasing permeability with depth and several BDT transitions plus independent acquicludes may occur in the crust, we devised the simplest numerical model of a fault constantly shearing in the ductile deeper crust while being locked in the brittle shallow layer, with variable homogeneous permeabilities. The results indicate different behaviors in the three main tectonic settings. In tensional tectonics, a stretched band antithetic to the normal fault forms above the BDT during the interseismic period. Fractures close and fluids are expellecl during the coseismic stage. The mechanism reverses in compressional tectonics. During the interseismic stage, an over-compressed band forms above the BDT. The band dilates while rebounding in the coseismic stage and attracts fluids locally. At the tip lines along strike-slip faults, two couples of subvertical bancls show different behavior, one in dilationJcompression and one in compressionJdilation. This deformation pattern inverts during the coseismic stage. Sometimes a pre-seismic stage in which fluids start moving may be observed and could potentially become a precursor.

关键词： Fault activation BritUe-ductile transition EarthquakeFluids response

COEXISTENCE FOR MULTIPLE LARGEST REPRODUCTION RATIOS OF A MULTI-STRAIN SIS EPIDEMIC MOdel

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2016年第5期36卷 1524-1530页

作者： Yoshiaki MUROYA Eleonora MESSINA Elvira RUSSO Antonia VECCHIO Department of Mathematics Waseda University dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico Ⅱ"-Via Cintia istituto per Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone" Sede di Napoli-CNR-Via P.Castellino

In this paper, to complete the global dynamics of a multi-strains SIS epidemic model, we establish a precise result on coexistence for the cases of the partial and complete duplicated multiple largest reproduction rat... 详细信息

关键词： multi-strains SIS epidemic model global attractivity Lyapunov function coexistence

The onset of the tetrabonded structure in liquid water

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 51-59页

作者： Carla Andreani Carmelo Corsaro Domenico Mallamace Giovanni Romanelli Roberto Senesi Francesco Mallamace dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Center Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor VergataRome 00133Italy cnr-IPCF Istituto peri Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di MessinaMessina 98158Italy dipartimento MIFT Universita di MessinaMessina 98166Italy ISIS Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotOxfordshire OX11 0QXUK istituto dei Sistemi Complessi(ISC)-cnr Rome 00185Italy Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics Boston UniversityBoston 02215USA

Water properties are dominated by the hydrogen bond interaction that gives rise in the stable liquid phase to the formation of a dynamical *** latter drives the water thermodynamics and is at the origin of its well known *** HB structural geometry and its changes remain uncertain and still are challenging research subjects.A key question is the role and effects of the HB tetrahedral structure on the local arrangement of neighboring molecules in *** the hydrogen dynamics in bulk water is studied through the combined use of Neutron Compton Scattering and NMR *** are discussed in the framework of previous studies performed in a wide temperature range,in the liquid,solid,and amorphous *** the first time this combined studies provide an experimental evidence of the onset of the water tetrahedral network at T^315 K,originally proposed in previous studies of transport coefficients and thermodynamical data;below this temperature the local order in water changes and the lifetime of local hydrogen bond network becomes long enough to gradually develop the characteristic tetrahedral network of water.

关键词： water neutron compton scattering NMR

Non-contact mechanical and chemical analysis of single living cells by microspectroscopic techniques

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 201-209页

作者： Sara Mattana Maurizio Mattarelli Lorena Urbanelli Krizia Sagini Carla Emiliani Mauro Dalla Serra Daniele Fioretto Silvia Caponi Department of Physics and Geology University of PerugiaPerugia I-06123Italy Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of ChemistryBiology and BiotechnologyUniversity of Perugiavia del GiochettoPerugia I-06123Italy CEMIN-Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material Perugia I-06123Italy istituto di Biofisica cnr(IBF-cnr) Unitàdi Trentoand FBKVia Sommarive 18Trento 38123Italy istituto Officina dei Materiali del cnr(cnr-IOM)-Unitàdi Perugia c/o Department of Physics and GeologyUniversity of PerugiaPerugia I-06123Italy

Innovative label-free microspectroscopy,which can simultaneously collect Brillouin and Raman signals,is used to characterize the viscoelastic properties and chemical composition of living cells with sub-micrometric *** unprecedented statistical accuracy of the data combined with the high-frequency resolution and the high contrast of the recently built experimental setup permits the study of single living cells immersed in their buffer solution by contactless *** Brillouin signal is deconvoluted in the buffer and the cell components,thereby revealing the mechanical heterogeneity inside the *** particular,a 20%increase is observed in the elastic modulus passing from the plasmatic membrane to the nucleus as distinguished by comparison with the Raman spectroscopic *** line shape analysis is even more relevant for the comparison of cells under physiological and pathological *** oncogene expression,cells show an overall reduction in the elastic modulus(15%)and apparent viscosity(50%).In a proof-of-principle experiment,the ability of this spectroscopic technique to characterize subcellular compartments and distinguish cell status was successfully *** results strongly support the future application of this technique for fundamental issues in the biomedical field.

关键词： living single cell analysis mechanical properties Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy

TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY OF HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE LASER No. 3

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第4期35卷 321-325页

作者：刘文清 R. RAMPONI R. CUBEDDU 刘颂豪 Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Academia Sinica Hefei 230031 PRC Centro di Electtronica Quantistica Strumentazione Electtronica del-cnr Istituto di Fisica del PolitecnicoMilano Italy.

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) which utilizes hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) as a photosensitizing drug has increasingly being used for the local treatment of malignant tumors. The success of this method... 详细信息

关键词： hematoporphyrin-derivative (HpD) absorption spectra fluorescence spectra time-resolved fluorescence decay curve.

Rock temperature variability in high-altitude rockfall-prone areas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第3期19卷 798-811页

作者： Guido NIGRELLI Marta CHIARLE Andrea MERLONE Graziano COPPA Chiara MUSACCHIO Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(cnr) Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica(IRPI)Torino 10135Italy istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica(INRiM) Torino 10135Italy

In a context of cryosphere degradation caused by climate warming,rock temperature is one of the main driving factors of rockfalls that occur on high-elevation mountain *** order to improve the knowledge of this critical relationship,it is necessary to increase measurement capability of rock temperature and its variability in different lithological and slope/aspect conditions,and also to increase local scale studies,increasing the quality and the comparability of the *** paper shows an example of metrological characterization of sensors used for rock temperature measurement in mountain regions,by means of the measurement *** such approach,data and results from temperature measurements carried out in the Bessanese high-elevation experimental site(Western European Alps)are *** procedures for the calibration and field characterization of sensors allow to measure temperature in different locations,depths and lithotypes,within 0.10°C of overall *** work has highlighted that metrological traceability is fundamental to asses data quality and establish comparability among different measurements;that there are strong differences between air temperature and near-surface rock temperature;and that there are significant differences of rock temperature acquired in different aspect ***,solar radiation,slope/aspect conditions and lithotype,seem to be the main driving factors of rock temperature.

关键词： Rock temperature Rockfalls European Alps Climate warming Temperature measurement

Integrin-targeting with peptide-bioconjugated semiconductor-magnetic nanocrystalline heterostructures

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 644-662页

作者： Gianpiero Valente Nicoletta Depalo Ivan de Paola Rosa Maria lacobazzi Nunzio Denora Valentino Laquintana Roberto Comparelli Emiliano Altamura Tiziana Latronico Michele Altomare Elisabetta Fanizza Marinella Striccoli Angela Agostiano Michele Saviano Annarita del Gatto Laura Zaccaro Maria Lucia Curri Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Dipartimento di Chimica Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici-cnr UOS Bari Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-cnr Via Mezzocannone 16 80134 - Napoli Italy Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy Universita degli Studi di BariAIdo Moro Dipartimento di Bioscienze Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy lstituto di Cristallografia-cnr Via Amendola 122/0 70126 Bari Italy

Binary asymmetric nanocrystals （BNCs）, composed of a photoactive TiO2 nanorod joined with a superparamagnetic γ-Fe203 spherical domain, were embedded in polyethylene glycol modified phospholipid micelle and successfully bioconjugated to a suitably designed peptide containing an RGD motif. BNCs represent a relevant multifunctional nanomaterial, owing to the coexistence of two distinct domains in one particle, characterized by high photoactivity and magnetic properties, that is particularly suited for use as a phototherapy and hyperthermia agent as well as a magnetic probe in biological imaging. We selected the RGD motif in order to target integrin expressed on activated endothelial cells and several types of cancer cells. The prepared RGD-peptide/BNC conjugates, comprehensively monitored by using complementary optical and structural techniques, demon- strated a high stability and uniform dispersibility in biological media. The cytotoxicity of the RGD-peptide/BNC conjugates was studied in vitro. The cellular uptake of RGD-peptide conjugates in the cells, assessed by means of two distinct approaches, namely confocal microscopy analysis and emission spectroscopy determination in cell lysates, displayed selectivity of the RGD-peptide-BNC conjugate for the cw]33 integrin. These RGD-peptide-BNC conjugates have a high potential for theranostic treatment of cancer.

关键词： nanocrystallineheterostructures photoactive semiconductor magnetic nanostructure cyclic RGD peptide αvβ3 integrin active targeting

The formation and growth mechanisms of young back-arc spreading ridges from high-resolution bathymetry:The Marsili Seamount(Tyrrhenian Sea,Italy)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 325-338页

作者： Eugenio Nicotra Salvatore Passaro Guido Ventura dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della Terra Universitàdella Calabria87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly istituto di Scienze Marine cnr 80133 NapoliItaly istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia 00143 RomaItaly istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilitáin ambiente marino cnr 91026 Capo GranitolaTrapaniItaly

The formation and growth mechanisms of Mid-Ocean Ridges(MOR)are relatively well known,whereas those of back-arc spreading ridges are comparatively less known because geophysical,geochemical,and morphological data are scarce and of low *** we present a high-resolution bathymetry of the Marsili Seamount(MS;1 Ma-3 ka),which represents the inflated spreading ridge of the 2 Ma old Marsili back-arc basin associated to the subduction of the Ionian Sea below the Calabrian Arc and Tyrrhenian *** is 70 km long,30 km wide,and its height reaches about 3000 m from surrounding *** new digital bathymetric model has a 5 m grid cell size resolution and covers the MS bathymetry from-1670 mbsl to the top at-491 *** conduct morphometric and morphological analyses of the bathymetry and recognize landforms due to volcanic,tectonic,hydrothermal and gravity *** consists of volcanoes related to fissural and central-type activity,this latter located at the northern and southern tips of the main dike *** swarms represent the surface expression of different ridge segments whose strikes are controlled by the larger scale back-arc spreading processes and by the local occurrence of an active hydrothermal *** latter develops in a flat area between two partly overlapping ridge segments where historical volcanism and extensional processes *** ridges represent the embryonic stage of the formation of transform-like *** volcanoes,the northern of which is characterized by a caldera,form at the tips of MS because the decrease in width of the major volcanic fissures promotes vent localization associated with the formation of sill-like reservoirs from which central-type vents may *** processes affecting the MS flanks are due to shallow seafloor *** collapses affecting the northernmost central-type polygenic volcano must be included in the evaluation of the hazard related to potential *** dipping faul

关键词： Back-arc spreading ridge Morphology Tectonics Volcanism Marsili seamount

NGR-tagged nano-gold： A new CD13-selective carrier for cytokine delivery to tumors

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1393-1408页

作者： Flavio Curnis Martina Fiocch Angelina Sacchi Alessandro Gori Anna Gasparri Angelo Corti division of Experimental Oncology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan 20132 Italy istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare CNR Milan 20131 Italy Vita Salute San Raffaele University Milan 20132 Italy

Colloidal gold （Au）, a well-tolerated several applications in nanomedicine. nanomaterial, is currently exploited for We show that gold nanoparticles tagged with a novel tumor-homing peptide containing Asn-Gly-Arg （NGR）, a ligand of CD13 expressed by the tumor neovasculature, can be exploited as carriers for cytokine delivery to tumors. Biochemical and functional studies showed that the NGR molecular scaffoldflinker used for gold functionalization is critical for CD13 recognition. Using fibrosarcorna-bearing mice, NGR-tagged nanodrugs could deliver extremely low, yet pharmacologically active doses of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）, an anticancer cytokine, to tumors with no evidence of toxicity. Mechanistic studies confirmed that CD13 targeting was a primary mechanism of drug delivery and excluded a major role of integrin targeting consequent to NGR deamidation, a degradation reaction that generates the isoAsp-Gly-Arg （isoDGR） integrin ligand. NGR-tagged gold nanoparticles can be used, in principle, as a novel platform for single- or multi-cytokine delivery to tumor endothelial cells for cancer therapy.

关键词： Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) isoAsp-Gly-Arg (isoDGR) CD13 integrin tumor necrosis factor albumin gold nanoparticles