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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.Mcnamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.Margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly EnEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Calcium-sensitive protein MLC1 as a possible modulator of the astrocyte functional state

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2008-2010页

作者： Elena Ambrosini Angela Lanciotti Maria Stefania Brignone Department of neuroscience Istituto Superiore di SanitàRomeItaly

Astrocytes,the main population of glial cells in the central nervous system(CnS),exert essential tasks for the control of brain tissue homeostasis,supporting neuron and other glial cell activity from the developmental stage to adult *** maintain the optimal functionality of the brain,astroglial cells are particularly committed to reacting to every change in tissue homeostatic conditions,from mild modifications of the physiological environment,a process called astrocyte activation,to the more severe alterations occurring in pathological situations causing astrocyte reactivity or reactive astrogliosis(Escartin et al.,2021).During these reactive states,astrocytes mount an active,progressive response encompassing morphological,molecular,and interactional remodeling,leading to the acquisition of new functions and the loss of others,whose intensity,duration,and reversibility are dependent on the nature of the stimulus and regulated in a context-specific manner.

关键词： alterations modulator maintain

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Tribological behavior of shape-specific microplate-enriched synovial fluids on a linear two-axis tribometer

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 539-553页

作者： Agnese FRAGASSI Antonietta GRECO Martina di FRAnCESCO Luca CESERACCIU Aiman ABU AMMAR Israel DVIR Thomas Lee MOORE Haytam KASEM Paolo DECUZZI Laboratory of nanotechnology for Precision Medicine Fondazione Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of GenovaGenoa 16146Italy Materials Characterization Facility Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel Department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel

nano-and micro-particles are being increasingly used to tune interfacial frictional properties in diverse applications,from friction modifiers in industrial lubrication to enhanced biological fluids in human osteoarthritic ***,we assessed the tribological properties of a simulated synovial fluid enriched with non-spherical,poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microparticles(μPL)that have been previously demonstrated for the pharmacological management of osteoarthritis(OA).Three different μPL configurations were fabricated presenting a 20μm×20μm square base and a thickness of 5μm(thin,5H μPL),10μm(10H μPL),and 20μm(cubical,20H μPL).After extensive morphological and physicochemical characterizations,the apparent Young’s modulus of the μPL was quantified under compressive loading returning an average value of~6 kPa,independently of the particle ***,using a linear two-axis tribometer,the static(μ_(s))and dynamic(μ_(d))friction coefficients of the μPL-enriched simulated synovial fluid were determined in terms of particle configuration and concentration,varying from 0(fluid only)to 6×10^(5) μPL/*** particle morphology had a modest influence on friction,possibly because the μPL were fully squeezed between two mating surfaces by a 5.8 n normal load realizing boundary-like lubrication ***,friction was observed to depend on the dimensionless parameterW,defined as the ratio between the total volume of the μPL enriching the simulated synovial fluid and the volume of the fluid *** coefficients of friction were documented to grow withWreaching a plateau of μ_(s)~0.4 and μ_(d)~0.15,already at Ω~2×10^(-3).Future investigations will have to systematically analyze the effect of sliding velocity,normal load,and rigidity of the mating surfaces to elucidate in full the tribological behavior of μPL in the context of osteoarthritis.

关键词： osteoarthritis microparticles tribology synovial fluid pin on plate

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Gate-controlled supercurrent effect in dry-etched Dayem bridges of non-centrosymmetric niobium rhenium

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nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6575-6581页

作者： Jennifer Koch Carla Cirillo Sebastiano Battisti Leon Ruf Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki Alessandro Paghi Armen Gulian Serafim Teknowijoyo Giorgio De Simoni Francesco Giazotto Carmine Attanasio Elke Scheer Angelo di Bernardo Department of Physics University of KonstanzUniversitätsstraße 1078464 KonstanzGermany CnR-Spin c/o Universitàdegli Studi di Salernovia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy nEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza San Silvestro 1256127 PisaItaly dipartimento di fisica“E.R.Caianiello” Universitàdegli Studi di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy Advanced Physics Laboratory Institute for Quantum StudiesChapman UniversityBurtonsvilleMD 20866USA

The application of a gate voltage to control the superconducting current flowing through a nanoscale superconducting constriction,named as gate-controlled supercurrent(GCS),has raised great interest for fundamental and technological *** gain a deeper understanding of this effect and develop superconducting technologies based on it,the material and physical parameters crucial for the GCS effect must be ***-down fabrication protocols should also be optimized to increase device scalability,although studies suggest that top-down fabricated devices are more resilient to show a ***,we investigate gated superconducting nanobridges made with a top-down fabrication process from thin films of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor niobium rhenium with varying ratios of the constituents(nbRe).Unlike other devices previously reported and made with a top-down approach,our nbRe devices systematically exhibit a GCS effect when they were fabricated from nbRe thin films with small grain size and etched in specific *** observations pave the way for the realization of top-down-made GCS devices with high *** results also imply that physical parameters like structural disorder and surface physical properties of the nanobridges,which can be in turn modified by the fabrication process,are crucial for a GCS observation,providing therefore also important insights into the physics underlying the GCS effect.

关键词： superconductivity non-centrosymmetric superconductors superconducting devices gated devices gate-controlled supercurrent top-down fabrication

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Primordial black hole mass functions as a probe of cosmic origin

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 164-171页

作者： Yi-Fu Cai Chengfeng Tang Geyu Mo Sheng-Feng Yan Chao Chen Xiao-Han Ma Bo Wang Wentao Luo Damien A.Easson Antonino Marcianò Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology/Department of Astronomy School of Astronomy and Space ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare(InFn) Sezione di MilanoMilano 20146Italy diSAT Universitàdegli Studi dell'InsubriaComo 22100Italy Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Physics Arizona State UniversityTempe 85287-1504USA Department of Physics&Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Laboratori nazionali di Frascati InFn Via Enrico Fermi 541 Frascati(Roma)00044Italy InFn sezione Roma Tor Vergata Rome I-00133Italy School of Physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu11731China

We discuss a novel window to probe the origin of our universe via the mass functions of primordial black holes(PBHs).The mass functions of PBHs are simply estimated using the conventional Press-Schechter formalism for two paradigms of cosmic origin,including inflationaryΛCDM and bounce *** standard inflationaryΛCDM model cannot generate an appreciable number of massive PBHs;however,non-trivial inflation models with blue-tilted power spectra at small scales and matter bounce cosmology provide formation mechanisms for heavy PBHs,which in turn,may seed the observed supermassive black holes(SMBHs).By fitting the SMBH mass functions at high redshift(z~6)derived from Sloan digital Sky Survey(SDSS)and Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey(CFHQS)quasars,for two paradigms of cosmic origin,we derive constraints on the PBH density fraction fPBHat z~6 and the characteristic mass M_(★),with the prior assumption that all SMBHs stem from *** demonstrate that this newly proposed procedure,relying on astronomical measurements that utilize deep-field surveys of SMBHs at high redshift,can be used to constrain models of cosmic ***,although not the main focus of this paper,we evolve the mass function from z~6 to z~0 through an assumption of 3×10^(8)-year Eddington’s accretion,and give a rough estimation of fPBHat z~0.

关键词： origin cosmic massive

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The W3C Data Catalog Vocabulary,Version 2:Rationale,Design Principles,and Uptake

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Data Intelligence 2024年第2期6卷 457-487页

作者： Riccardo Albertoni David Browning Simon Cox Alejandra n.Gonzalez-Beltran Andrea Perego Peter Winstanley istituto di Matematica applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche"Enrico Magenes" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(IMATI-CNR)GenoaItaly Independent Consultant United Kingdom LandandWater CSiROMelbourneAustralia Scientific Computing Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryScience and Technology Facilities CouncilHarwell Cam-pusOx110QXUnited Kingdom European Parliament Luxembourg Semantic Arts Fort CollinsCO80524USA

DCAT is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the *** its first release in 2014 as a W3C Recommendation,DCAT has seen a wide adoption across communities and domains,particularly in conjunction with implementing the FAIR data principles(forfindable,accessible,interoperable and reusable data).These implementation experiences,besides demonstrating the fitness of DCAT to meet its intended purpose,helped identify existing issues and ***,over the last few years,additional requirements emerged in data catalogs,given the increasing practice of documenting not only datasets but also data services and *** paper illustrates the new version of DCAT,explaining the rationale behind its main revisions and extensions,based on the collected use cases and requirements,and outlines the issues yet to be addressed in future versions of DCAT.

关键词： Data Catalogs Interoperability discoverability FAIR data

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Fabrication,microstructures,and optical properties of Yb:Lu_(2)O_(3) laser ceramics from co-precipitated nano-powders

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第6期9卷 674-682页

作者： Ziyu LIU Guido TOCI Angela PIRRI Barbara PATRIZI Yagang FEnG Jiabei WEI Feng WU Zhaoxiang YAnG Matteo VAnnInI Jiang LI Key Laboratory of Transparent Opto-functional Inorganic Materials Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China istituto nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheCNR-INOSesto Fiorentino(Fi)50019Italy istituto di fisica applicata“n.carrara” Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheCNR-IFACSesto Fiorentino(Fi)50019Italy School of Material Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

The Yb:Lu_(2)O_(3)precursor made up of spherical particles was synthesized through the co-precipitation method in the water/ethanol *** 5 at% Yb:Lu_(2)O_(3)powder is in the cubic phase after calcination at 1100℃ for 4 *** powder also consists of spherical nanoparticles with the average particle and grain sizes of 96 and 49 nm,*** average grain size of the pre-sintered ceramic sample is 526 nm and that of the sample by hot isostatic pressing grows to 612 *** 1.0 mm-thick sample has an in-line transmittance of 81.6%(theoretical value of 82.2%)at 1100 *** largest absorption cross-section at 976 nm is 0.96×1^(0-20)cm^(2) with the emission cross-section at 1033 nm of 0.92×10^(-20)cm^(2) and the gain cross sections are calculated with the smallest population inversion parameter β of *** highest slope efficiency of 68.7% with the optical efficiency of 65.1% is obtained at 1033.3 nm in quasi-continuous wave(QCW)*** the case of continuous wave(CW)pumping,the highest slope efficiency is 61.0% with the optical efficiency of 54.1%.The obtained laser performance indicates that Yb:Lu_(2)O_(3)ceramics have excellent resistance to thermal load stresses,which shows great potential in high-power solid-state laser applications.

关键词： Yb:Lu_(2)O_(3)transparent ceramics co-precipitated nano-powder spectroscopic properties laser performance hot isostatic pressing

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The HEPD particle detector of the CSES satellite mission for investigating seismo-associated perturbations of the Van Allen belts

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第5期61卷 643-652页

作者： AMBROSI Giovanni BARTOCCI Simona BASARA Laurent BATTISTOn Roberto BURGER William J. CARFORA Luca CASTELLInI Guido CIPOLLOnE Piero COnTI Livio COnTIn Andrea DE DOnATO Cinzia DE SAnTIS Cristian FOLLEGA Francesco M. GUAnDALInI Cristina IOnICA Maria IUPPA Roberto LAUREnTI Giuliano LAZZIZZERA Ignazio LOLLI Mauro MAnEA Christian MARCELLI Laura MASCIAnTOnIO Giuseppe MERGE Matteo OSTERIA Giuseppe PACInI Lorenzo PALMA Francesco PALMOnARI Federico PAnICO Beatrice PATRIZII Laura PERFETTO Francesco PICOZZA Piergiorgio POZZATO Michele PUEL Matteo RASHEVSKAYA Irina RICCI Ester RICCI Marco RICCIARInI Sergio Bruno SCOTTI Valentina SOTGIU Alessando SPARVOLI Roberta SPATARO Bruno VITALE Vincenzo istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) Sezione di Perugia Perugia 06123 Italy Uninettuno University Rome 00186 Italy istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) TIFPA Povo (TN) 38123 Italy dipartimento di fisica Universita di Trento Povo (TN) 38123 Italy dipartimento di fisica Universita di Roma Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy IFAC-CnR Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019 Italy dipartimento di fisica e Astronomia Universita di Bologna Bologna 40127 Italy istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) Sezione di Bologna Bologna 40127 Italy istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) Sezione di Napoli Naples 80126 Italy istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (InFn) LNE Frascati (RM) 00044 Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) SSDC Rome 00133 Italy

CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite) is a mission developed by CnSA(Chinese national Space Administration) and ASI(Italian Space Agency), to investigate the near-Earth electromagnetic, plasma and particle environment, for studying the seismo-associated disturbances in the ionosphere-magnetosphere transition zone. The anthropogenic and electromagnetic noise,as well as the natural non-seismic electromagnetic emissions is mainly due to tropospheric activity. In particular, the mission aims to confirming the existence of possible temporal correlations between the occurrence of earthquakes for medium and strong magnitude and the observation in space of electromagnetic perturbations, plasma variations and precipitation of bursts with highenergy charged particles from the inner Van Allen belt. In this framework, the high energy particle detector(HEPD) of the CSES mission has been developed by the Italian LIMADOU Collaboration. HEPD is an advanced detector based on a tower of scintillators and a silicon tracker that provides good energy and angular resolution and a wide angular acceptance, for electrons of 3–100 Me V, protons of 30–200 Me V and light nuclei up to the oxygen. CSES satellite has been launched on February 2^(nd), 2018 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center(China).

关键词：卫星发射中心粒子带子空间管理合作开发空间机构轻原子核意大利

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Enhancing sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer to DnA-damaging therapy through chemical inhibition of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 282-286页

作者： Bianca Cesaro Alessia Iaiza Fabio Piscopo Marco Tarullo Eleonora Cesari Dante Rotili Antonello Mai Alberto diana Michela Londero Luca Del Giacco Riccardo Masetti Alba di Leone Chiara naro Silvia Masciarelli Giulia Fontemaggi Claudio Sette Francesco Fazi Alessandro Fatica Department of Anatomical HistologicalForensic&Orthopedic SciencesSection of Histology&Medical EmbryologySapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Biology and Biotechnologies“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)RomeItaly Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti FoundationSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of BioSciences University of MilanMilanItaly Multidisciplinary Breast Center Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di SanitàPubblicaCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Department of neuroscience Section of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly

Dear Editor,n 6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is a critical mRnA modi-fication catalyzed by the enzyme methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),with implications in RnA ***3 upregulation is associated with cancer progres-sion,metast... 详细信息

关键词： cancer methyltransferase metastasis

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Cosmology with Two Compactification Scales

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Chinese Physics Letters 2000年第4期17卷 310-312页

作者： A.G.Agnese M.La Camera dipartimento di fisica delPUniversita di Genova Istituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareSezione di Genova Via Dodecaneso 3316146 GenovaItaly

We consider a(4+d)-dimensional spacetime broken up into a(4-n)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime(where n goes from 1 to 3)and a compact(n+d)-dimensional *** the present time the n compactification radii are of the order... 详细信息

关键词： manifold. length. Minkowski

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