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Chemical-Structural Changes of Organic Matter in a Semi-Arid Soil After Organic Amendment

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Pedosphere 2012年第3期22卷 283-293页

作者： C.NICOLS G.MASCIANDARO T.HERNNDEZ C.GARCIA Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC) Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Wastes ManagementCampus Universitario de EspinardoP.O.160Murcia 3010 (Spain) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (cnr) Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE)-Sezione di Chimica del SuoloArea della RicercaVia Moruzzi 1Pisa 56124 (Italy)

A 9-month incubation experiment using composted and non-composted amendments derived from vine pruning waste and sewage sludge was carried out to study the effects of the nature and stability of organic amendments on the structural composition of organic matter (OM) in a semi-arid *** changes of soil OM,both in the whole soil and in the extractable carbon with pyrophosphate,were evaluated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography and chemical *** the end of the experiment,the soils amended with pruning waste exhibited less organic carbon loss than those receiving sewage *** non-composted residues increased the aliphatic-pyrolytic products of the OM,both in the whole soil and also in the pyrophosphate extract,with the products derived from peptides and proteins being significantly *** 9 months,in the soils amended with pruning waste the relative abundance of phenolic-pyrolytic products derived from phenolic compounds,lignin and proteins in the whole soil tended to increase more than those in the soils amended with sewage ***,the extractable OM with pyrophosphate in the soils amended with composted residues tended to have higher contents of these phenolic-pyrolytic products than that in non-composted ***,despite the stability of pruning waste,the composting of this material promoted the incorporation of phenolic compounds to the soil *** pyrolytic indices (furfural/pyrrole and aliphatic/aromatic ratios) showed the diminution of aliphatic compounds and the increase of aromatic compounds,indicating the stabilization of the OM in the amended soils after 9 *** conclusion,the changes of soil OM depend on the nature and stability of the organic amendments,with composted vine pruning waste favouring humification.

关键词：土壤有机质有机添加物半干旱地区化学分析结构变化脂肪族化合物芳香族化合物污泥堆肥

Extra food provisioning does not affect behavioral lateralization in nestling lesser kestrels

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 66-75页

作者： Camilla Soravia Angelo Bisazza Jacopo G.Cecere Diego Rubolini Centre for Evolutionary Biology(M092) University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA 6009Australia Department of General Psychology University of Padovavia Venezia 8Padova I-35131Italy Padova Neuroscience Center University of PadovaVia Orus 2/BPadova I-35129Italy ISPRA—The Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research via CàFornacetta 9Ozzano dell’EmiliaBologna I-40064Italy Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universitàdegli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26MilanoI-20133Italy istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque IRSA-CNRVia del Mulino 19Brugherio I-20861Italy

Costs and benefits of brain lateralization may depend on environmental *** evidence indicates that the development of brain functional asymmetries is adaptively shaped by the environmental conditions experienced during early *** availability early in life could act as a proxy of the environmental conditions encountered during adulthood,but its potential modulatory effect on lateralization has received little *** increased food supply from egg laying to early nestling rearing in a wild population of lesser kestrels Falco naumanni,a sexually dimorphic raptor,and quantified the lateralization of preening behavior(head turning direction).As more lateralized individuals may perform better in highly competitive contexts,we expected that extra food provisioning,by reducing the level of intra-brood competition for food,would reduce the strength of *** found that extra food provisioning improved nestling growth,but it did not significantly affect the strength or direction of nestling *** addition,maternal body condition did not explain variation in nestling *** of extra food provisioning,the direction of lateralization differed between the sexes,with female nestlings turning more often toward their *** findings indicate that early food availability does not modulate behavioral lateralization in a motor task,suggesting limited phenotypic plasticity in this trait.

关键词： development laterality preening raptor sex-differences

Cell fusion in the liver, revisited

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第2期10卷 213-221页

作者： Michela Lizier Alessandra Castelli Cristina Montagna Franco Lucchini Paolo Vezzoni Francesca Faggioli istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica CNR Human Genome Laboratory Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS Department of Genetics and Pathology Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

There is wide agreement that cell fusion is a physiological process in cells in mammalian bone, muscle and placenta. In other organs, such as the cerebellum, cell fusion is controversial. The liver contains a considerable number of polyploid cells: They are commonly believed to originate by genome endoreplication, although the contribution of cell fusion to polyploidization has not been excluded. Here, we address the topic of cell fusion in the liver from a historical point of view. We discuss experimental evidence clearly supporting the hypothesis that cell fusion occurs in the liver, specifically when bone marrow cells were injected into mice and shown to rescue genetic hepatic degenerative defects. Those experiments-carried out in the latter half of the last century-were initially interpreted to show "transdifferentiation", but are now believed to demonstrate fusion between donor macrophages and host hepatocytes, raising the possibility that physiologically polyploid cells, such as hepatocytes, could originate, at least partially, through homotypic cell fusion. In support of the homotypic cell fusion hypothesis, we present new data generated using a chimera-based model, a much simpler model than those previously used. Cell fusion as a road to polyploidization in the liver has not been extensively investigated, and its contribution to a variety of conditions, such as viral infections, carcinogenesis and aging, remains unclear.

关键词： Cell fusion Hepatocytes TdTomato Lineage tracing Chimeras Extracellular vesicles

Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Multiphase Flow Simulations across Scales

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第2期9卷 269-296页

作者： Giacomo Falcucci Stefano Ubertini Chiara Biscarini Silvia Di Francesco Daniele Chiappini Silvia Palpacelli Alessandro De Maio Sauro Succi Department of Technologies University of Naples“Parthenope”Centro Direzionale-Isola C480143 NaplesItaly Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rome“Tor Vergata”Viale PolitecnicoRomeItaly H2CU Honors Center of Italian Universities-University of Rome“La Sapienza”RomeItaly istituto applicazioni calcolo CNRVia dei Taurini 900185 RomeItaly Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre University for ForeignersVilla La ColombellaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PerugiaVia G.Duranti 93PerugiaItaly Nu.M.I.D.I.A.srl Via Berna 3100184 RomaItaly

The simulation of multiphase flows is an outstanding challenge,due to the inherent complexity of the underlying physical phenomena and to the fact that multiphase flows are very diverse in nature,and so are the laws governing their *** the last two decades,a new class of mesoscopic methods,based on minimal lattice formulation of Boltzmann kinetic equation,has gained significant interest as an efficient alternative to continuum methods based on the discretisation of the NS equations for non ideal *** this paper,three different multiphase models based on the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)are discussed,in order to assess the capability of the method to deal with multiphase flows on a wide spectrum of operating conditions and multiphase *** particular,the range of application of each method is highlighted and its effectiveness is qualitatively assessed through comparison with numerical and experimental literature data.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann multiphase flows

A Wood Preservative Based on Commercial Silica Nanodispersions and Boric Acid against Fungal Decay through Laboratory and Field Tests

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Open Journal of Forestry 2013年第2期3卷 57-61页

作者： Sabrina Palanti Elisabetta Feci cnr IVALSA Istituto per la Valorizzazione del Legno e delle Specie Arboree Sesto Fiorentino Italy

The paper is based on the development of a wood preservative without metal salts to be used in use classes 3 and 4 (EN 335), eco-friendly and harmless to humans and animals. Boric acid was used as a biocide, due to its effectiveness against fungi and insects. It is also known to be easily leached from wood exposed to weather action. Colloidal silica was therefore added in the formulations to guarantee the fixation of boric acid to wood. The different formulations were tested for the protective efficacy against decay fungi through laboratory tests (EN 113) and field trials (EN 252). The results were promising, especially those concerning boron fixation and efficacy against decay fungi through laboratory tests, where some formulations and retentions gave a durability class 1 (very durable) according to EN 350-1. The fourth evaluation, after 50 months of field trials showed only a slight difference between the treated samples and controls.

关键词： Basidiomycetes Boric Acid Colloidal Silica Wood Durability Field Test

Exploring challenges ahead of nanotechnology for biomedicine

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第3期2卷 119-120页

作者： Julietta V.Rau Roberto De Santis Gianni Ciofani istituto di Struttura della Materia(ISM-cnr) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerchevia del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133 RomaItaly IPCB-cnr Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council of ItalyVia J.F.Kennedy54 Mostra D'Oltremare Pad.2080125 NaplesItaly Politecnico di Torino Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TorinoItaly istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Smart Bio-InterfacesViale Rinaldo Piaggio 3456025 PontederaPisaItaly

This special issue is dedicated to the selected papers of the 1st biennial International Conference BioMaH-BioMaterials for Healthcare“Biomaterials for Tissue and Genetic Engineering and the Role of Nanotechnology”held in Rome(Italy)in October 17-20,*** special issue is focused on the new frontiers of bioactive materials facing challenges and embracing opportunities in the field of tissue regeneration and *** focus includes a wide range of chemical,physical,and biological aspects,with the scope of exploring emerging technologies for a large variety of engineered materials,their combinations,and interfaces with specific biofunctionality.

关键词： frontier challenges ahead

A review on current research status of the surface modification of Zn-based biodegradable metals

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 192-216页

作者： Wei Yuan Dandan Xia Shuilin Wu Yufeng Zheng Zhenpeng Guan Julietta V.Rau School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyNational Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsResearch Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital DentistryMinistry of HealthBeijing100081China School of Materials Science&Engineering The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of ChinaTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Orthopedics Department Peking University Shougang HospitalNo.9 Jinyuanzhuang RdShijingshan DistrictBeijing100144China istituto di Struttura della Materia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(ISM-CNR)Via del Fosso del Cavaliere100-00133RomeItaly Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Institute of PharmacyDepartment of AnalyticalPhysical and Colloid ChemistryTrubetskaya 8build.2119991MoscowRussia

Recently,zinc and its alloys have been proposed as promising candidates for biodegradable metals(BMs),owning to their preferable corrosion behavior and acceptable biocompatibility in cardiovascular,bone and gastrointestinal environments,together with Mg-based and Fe-based ***,there is the desire for surface treatment for Zn-based BMs to better control their biodegradation ***,the implantation of some Zn-based BMs in cardiovascular environment exhibited intimal activation with mild ***,for orthopedic applications,the biodegradation rates of Zn-based BMs are relatively slow,resulting in a long-term retention after fulfilling their ***,excessive Zn2+release during degradation will cause in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo delayed *** this review,we firstly summarized the current surface modification methods of Zn-based alloys for the industrial *** we comprehensively summarized the recent progress of biomedical bulk Zn-based BMs as well as the corresponding surface modification *** but not least,the future perspectives towards the design of surface bio-functionalized coatings on Zn-based BMs for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications were also briefly proposed.

关键词： Zn-based biodegradable metals Surface modification Corrosion behavior Biocompatibility Osseointegration

Synergistic effect between few layer graphene and carbon nanotube supports for palladium catalyzing electrochemical oxidation of alcohols

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第2期22卷 296-304页

作者： Bruno F. Machado Andrea Marchionni Revathi R. Bacsa Marco Bellini Julien Beausoleil Werner Oberhauser Francesco Vizza Philippe Serp Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination UPR CNRS 8241 Composante ENSIACET Universit de Toulouse UPS-INP-LCC 4 alle Emile Monso BP 44362 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4 France istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-cnr) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Arkema Groupement de Recherches de Lacq BP 34 RD 817 64170 Lacq France

Few layer graphene （FLG）, multi-walled carbon nanotubes （CNTs） and a nanotube-graphene composite （CNT-FLG） were used as supports for palladium nanoparticles. The catalysts, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were used as anodes in the electrooxidation of ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol in half cells and in passive direct ethanol fuel cells. Upon Pd deposition, a stronger interaction was found to occur between the metal and the nanotube-graphene composite and the particle size was significantly smaller in this material （6.3 nm）, comparing with nanotubes and graphene alone （8 and 8.4 nm, respectively）. Cyclic voltammetry experiments conducted with Pd/CNT, Pd/FLG and Pd/CNT-FLG in 10 wt% ethanol and 2 M KOH solution, showed high specific currents of 1.48, 2.29 and 2.51 mA-/zgp-d, respectively. Moreover, the results obtained for ethylene glycol and glycerol oxidation highlighted the excellent electrocatalytic activity of Pd/CNT-FLG in terms of peak current density （up to 3.70 mAgd for ethylene glycol and 1.84 mAfor glycerol, respectively）. Accordingly, Pd/CNT-FLG can be considered as the best performing one among the electrocatalysts ever reported for ethylene glycol oxidation, especially considering the low metal loading used in this work. Direct ethanol fuel cells at room temperature were studied by obtaining power density curves and undertaking galvanostatic experiments. The power density outputs using Pd/CNT, Pd/FLG and Pd/CNT-FLG were 12.1, 16.3 and 18.4 ***-2, respectively. A remarkable activity for ethanol electrooxidation was shown by Pd/CNT-FLG anode catalyst. In a constant current experiment, the direct ethanol fuel cell containing Pd/CNT-FLG could continuously deliver 20 ***-2 for 9.5 h during the conversion of ethanol into acetate of 30%, and the energy released from the cell was about 574 J.

关键词： electrooxidation alcohols fuel cells palladium graphene nanotube-graphene composites

Sorafenib delivery nanoplatform based on superpara- magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles magnetically targets hepatocellular carcinoma

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2431-2448页

作者： Nicoletta Depalo Rosa Maria lacobazzi Gianpiero Valente Ilaria Arduino Silvia Villa Fabio Canepa Valentino Laquintana Elisabetta Fanizza Marinella Striccoli Annalisa Cutrignelli Angela Lopedota Letizia Porcelli Amalia Azzariti Massimo Franco Maria Lucia Curri Nunzio Denora istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici-cnr UOS Bari Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy istituto Tumori IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II viale O. Flacco 65 70124 Bari Italy Dipartimento di Chimica Universita degli Studi di Bad Aldo Moro Via Orabona70125 Bari Italy Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Universita di Genova Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 Genova Italy

Currently, sorafenib is the only systemic therapy capable of increasing overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Unfortunately, its side effects, particularly its overall toxicity, limit the therapeutic response that can be achieved. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （SPIONs） are very attractive for drug delivery because they can be targeted to specific sites in the body through application of a magnetic field, thus improving intratumoral accumulation and reducing adverse effects. Here, nanoformulations based on polyethylene glycol modified phospholipid micelles, loaded with both SPIONs and sorafenib, were successfully prepared and thoroughly investigated by complementary techniques. This nanovector system provided effective drug delivery, had an average hydrodynamic diameter of about 125 nm, had good stability in aqueous medium, and allowed controlled drug loading. Magnetic analysis allowed accurate determination of the amount of SPIONs embedded in each micelle. An in vitro system was designed to test whether the SPION micelles can be efficiently held using a magnetic field under typical flow conditions found in the human liver. Human hepatocellular carcinoma （HepG2） cells were selected as an in vitro system to evaluate tumor cell targeting efficacy of the superparamagnetic micelles loaded with sorafenib. These experiments demonstrated that this delivery platform is able to enhance sorafenib＇s antitumor effectiveness by magnetic targeting. The magnetic nanovectors described here represent promising candidates for targeting specific hepatic tumor sites, where selective release of sorafenib can improve its efficacy and safety profile.

关键词： superparamagnetic ironoxide nanoparticles poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified phospholipidmicelles drug delivery magnetic targeting hepatocellular carcinoma sorafenib