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Correlation of periodontal inflamed surface area with glycated hemoglobin,interleukin-6 and lipoprotein(a)in type 2 diabetes with retinopathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 686-696页

作者： Nusreen Jamal Thazhe Poyil Rosamma Joseph Vadakkekuttical Chandni Radhakrishnan Department of Periodontics Government Dental College(Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences)Calicut 673008KeralaIndia Department of Medicine Government Medical College(Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences)Calicut 673008KeralaIndia

BACKGROUND The two-way relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is well established.Prolonged hyperglycemia contributes to increased periodontal destruction and severe periodontitis,accentuating diabetic complications.An inflammatory link exists between diabetic retinopathy(DR)and periodontitis,but the studies regarding this association and the role of lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)]and interleukin-6(IL-6)in these conditions are scarce in the literature.AIM To determine the correlation of periodontal inflamed surface area(PISA)with glycated Hb(HbA1c),serum IL-6 and Lp(a)in T2DM subjects with retinopathy.METHODS This cross-sectional study comprised 40 T2DM subjects with DR and 40 T2DM subjects without DR.All subjects were assessed for periodontal parameters[bleeding on probing(BOP),probing pocket depth,clinical attachment loss(CAL),oral hygiene index-simplified,plaque index(PI)and PISA],and systemic parameters[HbA1c,fasting plasma glucose and postprandial plasma glucose,fasting lipid profile,serum IL-6 and serum Lp(a)].RESULTS The proportion of periodontitis in T2DM with and without DR was 47.5%and 27.5%respectively.Severity of periodontitis,CAL,PISA,IL-6 and Lp(a)were higher in T2DM with DR group compared to T2DM without DR group.Significant difference was observed in the mean percentage of sites with BOP between T2DM with DR(69%)and T2DM without DR(41%),but there was no significant difference in PI(P>0.05).HbA1c was positively correlated with CAL(r=0.351,P=0.001),and PISA(r=0.393,P≤0.001)in study subjects.A positive correlation was found between PISA and IL-6(r=0.651,P<0.0001);PISA and Lp(a)(r=0.59,P<0.001);CAL and IL-6(r=0.527,P<0.0001)and CAL and Lp(a)(r=0.631,P<0.001)among study subjects.CONCLUSION Despite both groups having poor glycemic control and comparable plaque scores,the periodontal parameters were higher in DR as compared to T2DM without DR.Since a bidirectional link exists between periodontitis and DM,the presence of DR may have contributed to the severity of periodontal destructio

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Periodontitis Periodontal inflamed surface Area Glycated Hb Diabetic retinopathy

Carbamazepine in osteoarthritis treatment:A novel approach targeting Nav1.7 channels

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 602-604页

作者： Rayyan Vaid Afra Sohail Nabiha Amir Department of Medicine Karachi Medical and Dental CollegeKarachi 75500Pakistan

Osteoarthritis(OA)presents a growing health concern,with substantial societal and healthcare burdens.Current management focuses on symptom relief,lacking disease-modifying options.Emerging research suggests the sodium channel Nav1.7 as a pivotal target in OA treatment.Preclinical studies demonstrate carbamazepine's efficacy in Nav1.7 blockade,offering significant joint protection in animal models.However,human trials are needed to validate these findings.Carbamazepine's repurposing holds promise for OA management,potentially revolutionizing treatment paradigms.Further research is essential to bridge the gap between preclinical evidence and clinical application,offering hope for improved OA management and enhanced patient quality of life.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Joint illness Treatment approaches Pain management Healthcare expenses

Comparison of the Anatomy and Adaptability of Reconstructed Teeth with Natural Teeth:An Innovative Approach in Forensic Dentistry

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 47-54页

作者： Supraja S P M Tejaswi Ravikanth Manyam Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti Swetha P Ramesh Kumar Budumuru Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Vishnu dental college BhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Periodontics and Implantology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia

Background:Forensic tooth reconstruction is the technique of reconstructing the morphology of a missing tooth from the intra-alveolar morphology of dental sockets from skeletal remains.Aims and Objectives:The aim and objective of the study are to compare and investigate whether the anatomy and adaptability of reconstructed teeth simulate with the natural tooth and to investigate whether the dental materials have potential in reconstruction of teeth.Materials and Methods:An in vitro experimental study was undertaken on a human mandible.According to the Fédération Dentaire Internationale,charting will be done based on the number of teeth present.The entire study will be conducted in three phases using dental materials.Phase 1 comprised preparation for negative replica,where an impression will be taken,Phase 2 comprised preparation of a positive replica or cast,and Phase 3 comprised tooth reconstruction using the flowable composite.Results:The specimen tooth(which had been taken from its socket)and the newly constructed tooth were compared,and when the length of the newly constructed root was measured using digital vernier calipers,there was a disparity of 0.5-1 mm.The cone-beam computed tomography radiographs demonstrated the necessary flexibility.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that dental information can be obtained even when teeth are absent postmortem by making an attempt to recreate the teeth using dental materials while documenting the intra-alveolar anatomy of the dental root socket.

关键词： Adaptability anatomy reconstruction teeth

Perceived stress among staff in Saudi Arabian dental colleges before and after an accreditation process: A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 758-765页

作者： Amal S Shaiban Department of Restorative dental Science College of DentistryKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61471Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Accreditation processes are extensively employed to guarantee the quality of higher education institutions.However,this process can potentially generate a stressful atmosphere for staff,thus impacting their ability to perform optimally under pressure.AIM To examine the knowledge of the National Commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation(NCAAA)and its effects on perceived stress among dental college staff before and after the program accreditation process.METHODS The present cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 300 employees from three dental colleges.The same employees had to fill out the questionnaire 1 mo after the NCAAA process.RESULTS Approximately 51.33%of the included employees believed that NCAAA is essential to attract quality students to join the program before and after the program.A total of 44.67%felt that their stress was high before,and 31.33%had low stress levels before and after NCAAA.These findings were statistically significant(P≤0.05).CONCLUSION NCAAA raised the prestige of the institution and specific programmes and increased prospects to attract better students,staff,and money,according to the employees.In addition to their needed teaching,research,and other service responsibilities,this work requires a tremendous amount of faculty effort and may cause them stress.

关键词： National Commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation Accreditation process Perceived stress Staff

Determining the Checkpoint of Transition from Thin to Thick Periodontal Phenotypes in the Maxillary and Mandibular Anterior Regions of South Indian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 55-61页

作者： Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti Rasagna Chowdary G Gautami SPenmetsa Vivek Bypalli Ramesh S.V.Konathala Sruthima N.V.S.Gottumukkala Department of Periodontics and Implantology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia2Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia

Aim:The aim of this study was to compare and investigate the tissue thickness at the maxillary and mandibular central incisors utilizing the probe visibility method and traditional way of measuring gingival thickness(GT)by endodontic files.Methodology:In 200 selected patients,the GT was measured at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior using an endodontic file after local infiltration at the mid-distance from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction.The checkpoint of transition from thin to thick periodontal phenotype was determined by probe visibility method in the following age groups:Group A:21-30 years;Group B:31-40 years;Group C:41-50 years;and Group D:51-60 years.Results:GT varied from 0.3 to 1.9 mm.Gingival translucency was observed up to the thickness of 0.7 mm.At 0.8 mm of GT,there was no probe visibility.Conclusion:According to the present research,the gingiva appears transparent up to a thickness of around 0.7 mm.The checkpoint of transition between thin and thick periodontal phenotypes at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior was associated with a GT of 0.8 mm.

关键词： Gingiva periodontal phenotype probe visibility

Disease clearance in ulcerative colitis:A new therapeutic target for the future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1801-1809页

作者： Syed Adeel Hassan Neeraj Kapur Fahad Sheikh Anam Fahad Somia Jamal Division of Digestive Disease and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY 10461United States Division of Primary Care Essen HealthcareNew YorkNY 10457United States Department of Internal Medicine Karachi Medical and Dental CollegeKarachi 74700SindhPakistan

Advancements in murine modeling systems for ulcerative colitis have diversified our understanding of the pathophysiological factors involved in disease onset and progression.This has fueled the identification of molecular targets,resulting in a rapidly expanding therapeutic armamentarium.Subsequently,management strategies have evolved from symptomatic resolution to well-defined objective endpoints,including clinical remission,endoscopic remission and mucosal healing.While the incorporation of these assessment modalities has permitted targeted intervention in the context of a natural disease history and the prevention of complications,studies have consistently depicted discrepancies associated with ascertaining disease status through clinical and endoscopic measures.Current recommendations lack consideration of histological healing.The simultaneous achievement of clinical,endoscopic,and histologic remission has not been fully investigated.This has laid the groundwork for a novel therapeutic outcome termed disease clearance(DC).This article summarizes the concept of DC and its current evidence.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Clinical remission Endoscopic remission Histological remission Mucosal healing Disease clearance

The Determination of Heritability in palatal Rugae Pattern among Parents and their Off-Springs in Western India-A Cross-sectional Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 42-46页

作者： Aishwarya Bhatnagar Sugandha Arya Jyothi S Kumar Aishwarya Arya Kailash Chandra Morya Sudhir Baroopal Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Vyas Dental College and HospitalJodhpurRajasthanIndia Department of Conservative and Endodontics Vyas Dental College and HospitalJodhpurRajasthanIndia

Background:Palatal rugae are asymmetrical elevations present on hard palate and are significant due to their uniqueness,stability and thus,aid in forensic identification.Objective:The objective is to determine palatal rugae morphology between parents and their offsprings and to determine their genetic inheritance.Materials and Methods:This randomized controlled cross-sectional single-blinded study was conducted on 50 families(randomly selected)who visited Vyas dental college and Hospital.A total of 150 maxillary study models were examined and rugae were delineated and shape,size,and pattern of rugae were recorded.Results:Weak but significant correlation was seen in the nonspecific and angular type of palatal rugae between child and mother and child and father as P<0.05.Matching with either or both of their parent was seen for curved,wavy,divergent,straight,horseshoe,angular,and nonspecific type of rugae with the higher%of wavy pattern matching(52%with mother and 54%with father).A considerable number of samples showed high heritability of primary and secondary rugae from both parents,but more predominantly to their mothers(branched,nonspecific,and straight).Conclusion:Both environmental and genetic factors can influence the rugae pattern.Further,studies should be conducted on a larger sample size to get more significant results.

关键词： Forensic identification heredity palatal rugae uniqueness

Biomimetic chitin hydrogel via chemical transformation

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 771-777页

作者： Rui-Rui Liu Qian-Qian Shi Yu-Feng Meng Yong Zhou Li-Bo Mao Shu-Hong Yu Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China college&Hospital of Stomatology Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Department of dental Implantology College&Hospital of StomatologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

Chitin hydrogel has been recognized as a promising material for various biomedical applications because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability.However,the fabrication of strong chitin hydrogel remains a big challenge because of the insolubility of chitin in many solvents and the reduced chain length of chitin regenerated from solutions.We herein introduce the fabrication of chitin hydrogel with biomimetic structure through the chemical transformation of chitosan,which is a water-soluble deacetylated derivative of chitin.The reacetylation of the amino group in chitosan endows the obtained chitin hydrogel with outstanding resistance to swelling,degradation,extreme temperature and pH conditions,and organic solvents.The chitin hydrogel has excellent mechanical properties while retaining a high water content(more than 95 wt.%).It also shows excellent antifouling performance that it resists the adhesion of proteins,bacteria,blood,and cells.Moreover,as the initial chitosan solution can be feasibly frozen and templated by ice crystals,the chitin hydrogel structure can be either nacre-like or wood-like depending on the freezing method of the precursory chitosan solution.Owing to these anisotropic structures,such chitin hydrogel can exhibit anisotropic mechanics and mass transfer capabilities.The current work provides a rational strategy to fabricate chitin hydrogels and paves the way for its practical applications as a superior biomedical material.

关键词： chitin hydrogel biomimetic structure chemical stability mechanical strength antifouling

Correlation of tumor-associated macrophage density and proportion of M2 subtypes with the pathological stage of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1878-1889页

作者： Fouzia Fazal Muhammad Arsalan Khan Sumayya Shawana Rahma Rashid Muhammed Mubarak Department of Pathology Jinnah Medical and Dental CollegeKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of General Surgery Sindh Institute of Urology&Transplantation(SIUT)Karachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Bahria University of Health SciencesKarachi 74400SindhPakistan Department of Pathology SIUTKarachi 74200SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent global malignancy with complex prognostic factors.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)have shown paradoxical associations with CRC survival,particularly concerning the M2 subset.AIM We aimed to establish a simplified protocol for quantifying M2-like TAMs and explore their correlation with clinicopathological factors.METHODS A cross-sectional study included histopathological assessment of paraffinembedded tissue blocks obtained from 43 CRC patients.Using CD68 and CD163 immunohistochemistry,we quantified TAMs in tumor stroma and front,focusing on M2 proportion.Demographic,histopathological,and clinical parameters were collected.RESULTS TAM density was significantly higher at the tumor front,with the M2 proportion three times greater in both zones.The tumor front had a higher M2 proportion,which correlated significantly with advanced tumor stage(P=0.04),pathological nodal involvement(P=0.04),and lymphovascular invasion(LVI,P=0.01).However,no significant association was found between the M2 proportion in the tumor stroma and clinicopathological factors.CONCLUSION Our study introduces a simplified protocol for quantifying M2-like TAMs in CRC tissue samples.We demonstrated a significant correlation between an increased M2 proportion at the tumor front and advanced tumor stage,nodal involvement,and LVI.This suggests that M2-like TAMs might serve as potential indicators of disease progression in CRC,warranting further investigation and potential clinical application.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Macrophages Tumor stroma M2 subset Tumor front Tumor stage Lymphovascular invasion Prognosis Tumor-associated macrophages Immunohistochemistry