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Bioenergy recovery and carbon emissions benefits of short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment on low organic sewage sludge anaerobic digestion:A pilot-scale study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 321-335页

作者： Hui Wang Xiang Fu Haozhe Huang Danni Shen Dongdong Fan Liming Zhu Xiaohu Dai Bin Dong College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100038China Yangtze River Eco-Environmental Engineering Research Center Shanghai InvestigationDesign and Research Institute Co.LTDShanghai 200092China China Construction Third Engineering Bureau First Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430000China

Sewage sludge in cities of Yangzi River Belt,China,generally exhibits a lower organic content and higher silt contentdue to leakage of drainage system,which caused low bioenergy recovery and carbon emission benefits in conventional anaerobic digestion(CAD).Therefore,this paper is on a pilot scale,a bio-thermophilic pretreatment anaerobic digestion(BTPAD)for low organic sludge(volatile solids(VS)of 4%)was operated with a long-term continuous flow of 200 *** VS degradation rate and CH_(4) yield of BTPAD increased by 19.93%and 53.33%,respectively,compared to those of *** analysis of organic compositions in sludge revealed that BTPAD mainly improved the hydrolysis of proteins in *** analysis of microbial community proportions by high-throughput sequencing revealed that the short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment was enriched in Clostridiales,Coprothermobacter and Gelria,was capable of hydrolyzing acidified proteins,and provided more volatile fatty acid(VFA)for the subsequent *** combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis showed that the number of bacteria with high methanogenic capacity in BTPAD was much higher than that in CAD during the medium temperature digestion stage,indicating that short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment could provide better methanogenic conditions for ***,the greenhouse gas emission footprint analysis showed that short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment could reduce the carbon emission of sludge anaerobic digestion system by 19.18%.

关键词： Sludge Anaerobic digestion Bio-thermophilic pretreatment Pilot scale Molecular microbiology Carbon emissions

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SCHISTOSOMIASIS investigation IN SOMALIA

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1980年第9期93卷 637-646页

作者： Yu Shunzhang Hua Hongming The Chinese Somali Schistosomiasis Control investigation Team

Shebeli and Giuba Valleys are long timeschistosomiasis endemic *** averageprevalence rate in these areas is 62.0%.In theexperimental station area,the prevalence rate *** patients are the infection reservoir,*** is the intermediate host and themain mode of infection is contact with infectiouswater in daily *** rain,inundationand overflow promote the spread of schistoso-miasis as they promote snail vector *** *** snail vectors mainlybreed in ditchs,paddy fields and *** highly drought resistant,are able to swimagainst the current and prefer to cluster at ***-S 67 paste at 1.5-2 ppm has amolluscacidic effect of 95-100% which can lastabout 5-7 *** pentachlorophenate(Na-pcp)possesses an immediate molluscacidaleffect of 96% at 5.0 ppm and 100% at 10 ppmand the effect can last 2 *** is no ad-verse influence on rice growth if Na-pcp is ap-plied before *** is demonstratedthat some Somali plants have certain mollusca-cidal effects.

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Atomically Dispersed Metal Atoms:Minimizing Interfacial Charge Transport Barrier for Efficient Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 604-616页

作者： Yanying Shi Xusheng Cheng Yudi Wang Wenrui Li Wenzhe Shang Wei Liu Wei Lu Jiashuo Cheng Lida Liu Yantao Shi State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsSchool of ChemistryDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China School of Narcotics Control and Public Order Studies Criminal Investigation PoliceUniversity of ChinaShenyang 110854People’s Republic of China

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)exhibit notable stability and ***,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)is significantly hindered by energy level mismatches,which result in interfacial charge transport barriers at the electrode-related ***,we report a back electrode that utilizes atomically dispersed metallic cobalt(Co)in carbon nanosheets(Co_1/CN)to adjust the interfacial energy *** electrons in the d-orbitals of Co atoms disrupt the electronic symmetry of the carbon nanosheets(CN),inducing a redistribution of the electronic density of states that leads to a downward shift in the Fermi level and a significantly reduced interfacial energy *** a result,the C-PSCs using Co1/CN as back electrodes achieve a notable PCE of 22.61%with exceptional long-term stability,maintaining 94.4%of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous illumination without *** work provides a promising universal method to regulate the energy level of carbon electrodes for C-PSCs and paves the way for more efficient,stable,and scalable solar technologies toward commercialization.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Carbon electrode Charge transport Energy level alignment

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Numerical investigation of dynamic response and rupture properties of rock slopes subjected to earthquake triggering

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 710-728页

作者： MA Ke JIANG Zhengchun LIAO Zhiyi GAO Zhiliang WANG Longjiang KE Hu State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Institute of Rock Instability and Seismicity Research Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Dadu River Reservoir&Dam Management centre CHN EnergyChengdu 610095China

Landslides triggered by seismic activity have led to substantial human and economic ***,the fundamental physical mechanisms underlying the vibration and rupture of rock slopes during earthquakes remain poorly *** this study,finite element method-based numerical simulations were conducted based on the rock slope at Dagangshan Hydropower Station in Sichuan province,***,systematic analysis in both the time and frequency domains were performed to examine the seismic dynamic characteristics of the ***,the transfer function method and the multiple stepwise linear regression method were employed to clarify the underlying mechanism and determine critical factors influencing the slope instability during ***-domain analysis reveals that rock slope dynamic response exhibits notable elevation,surface,and local amplification ***,the Peak Ground Acceleration(PGA)amplification coefficient(MPGA)is significantly higher at elevated locations,near the slope surface and in areas with ***,the existence of fracture zones and anti-shear galleries minimally influences the dynamic responses but considerably affect the ***,fracture zones exacerbate rupture,while anti-shear galleries mitigate ***-domain analysis indicates that the dynamic responses of the slope are closely correlated with the degree of slope *** earthquake magnitude increases,the rupture degree of the slope intensifies,and the dominant frequency of the response within the slope decreases,e.g.,its value shifts from 3.63 to 2.75 Hz at measurement point 9near the slope *** transfer function of rock slope,calculated under the excitation of wide flat spectrum white noise can reflect the interrelationships between the inherent properties and the rupture ***,the peak of the transfer function undergoes inversion as the degree of rupture ***,through multiple stepwise li

关键词： Numerical simulation Rock slope Earthquake trigger Dynamic response Rupture properties

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Retinexformer+:Retinex-Based Dual-Channel Transformer for Low-Light Image Enhancement

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1969-1984页

作者： Song Liu Hongying Zhang Xue Li Xi Yang School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621000China Criminal investigation Department Sichuan Police CollegeLuzhou646000China School of Electronics and Information Mianyang PolytechnicMianyang621000China

Enhancing low-light images with color distortion and uneven multi-light source distribution presents challenges. Most advanced methods for low-light image enhancement are based on the Retinex model using deep learning. Retinexformer introduces channel self-attention mechanisms in the IG-MSA. However, it fails to effectively capture long-range spatial dependencies, leaving room for improvement. Based on the Retinexformer deep learning framework, we designed the Retinexformer+ network. The “+” signifies our advancements in extracting long-range spatial dependencies. We introduced multi-scale dilated convolutions in illumination estimation to expand the receptive field. These convolutions effectively capture the weakening semantic dependency between pixels as distance increases. In illumination restoration, we used Unet++ with multi-level skip connections to better integrate semantic information at different scales. The designed Illumination Fusion Dual Self-Attention (IF-DSA) module embeds multi-scale dilated convolutions to achieve spatial self-attention. This module captures long-range spatial semantic relationships within acceptable computational complexity. Experimental results on the Low-Light (LOL) dataset show that Retexformer+ outperforms other State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) methods in both quantitative and qualitative evaluations, with the computational complexity increased to an acceptable 51.63 G FLOPS. On the LOL_v1 dataset, RetinexFormer+ shows an increase of 1.15 in Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and a decrease of 0.39 in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). On the LOL_v2_real dataset, the PSNR increases by 0.42 and the RMSE decreases by 0.18. Experimental results on the Exdark dataset show that Retexformer+ can effectively enhance real-scene images and maintain their semantic information.

关键词： Low-light image enhancement Retinex transformer model

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Microwave-Assisted Acetylated Lignin Loaded into Cellulose Acetate for Efficient UV-Shielding Films

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第2期13卷 401-412页

作者： Ahmed M.Khalil Samir Kamel Photochemistry Department National Research CentreGiza12622Egypt Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreGiza12622Egypt

Developing favorable bio-based polymers that replace petroleum-based plastics is an essential environmental *** is a by-product of the chemical pulping *** is a natural UV protection ingredient in broad-spectrum(UVA and UVB)*** could be partially and selectively acetylated in a simple,fast,and more reliable *** this work,a composite film was prepared with UV-resistant properties through a casting ***-based cellulose acetate(CA)was employed as a major matrix while nano-acetylated kraft lignin(AL-NPs)was used as filler during synthesizing UV-shielding films loaded with various amounts(1–5 wt.%)of *** lignin was acetylated through a simple and fast microwave-assisted process using acetic acid as a solvent and acetylating *** physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the prepared films were evaluated using different methods,including scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD),mechanical testing and contact angle *** UV-Vis spectroscopy optical investigation of the prepared films revealed that AL-NPs in the CA matrix showed strong UV *** feature demonstrated the effectiveness of our research in developing UV-resistant bio-based polymer ***,the prepared films can be considered as successful candidates to be applied in packaging applications.

关键词： Cellulose acetate microwave-assisted acetylation nano lignin acetate UV-shielding

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Microbial quality and associated health risks of raw milk marketed in the Tanga region of Tanzania

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第3期1卷 217-222页

作者： Swai ES Schoonman L Veterinary investigation centre(VIC) Tanga Dairy Trust(TADAT)

Objective:To evaluate micmbial quality and associated health risks of raw milk marketed in the Tanga region of ***:A microbial quality assessment of marketed raw milk was undertaken by evaluating 59 samples of milk from selling points(collecting centres =15),bicycle boys(12) and kiosks/restaurants(32) in Tanga city during April-May *** and milkborne hazards were assessed using a combination of tests in order to quantify the occurrence of Brucellosis(milk ring test),Escherichia coli(***) O157:H7(culture),the coliforra bacteria as well as standard plate count(SPC).Specific gravity(SG) determination was used as an indicator of ***:The mean coliform plate count(c.f.u/mL) of milk handled by bicycle boys(4.2×10~6) was significantly higher than that handled by collecting centres(3.0×10~6) and kiosk/ restaurants(1.4× 10~6),respectively(P < 0.05).Of the 59 milk samples collected,33(56%) were Brucella milk ring test(MRT)-positive and 78%and 17%of the samples graded satisfactorily based on SG and coliform plate counts as prescribed by East African Community standards for raw *** was no verocytotoxigenic ***(VTEC) O157:H7 in any of the milk samples collected and analysed during the present ***:It can be concluded that raw market milk in the study area is of poor bacteriological quality and hazardous for human consumption. This highlights the need to implement good hygiene practices and effective monitoring from production through the delivery chain to the *** studies are needed for detection of toxins that are produced by ***,other pathogenic spore forming bacteria(Bacillus *** Clostridium spp.) and other harmful microorganisms.

关键词： Contamination Health risks Microbial quality Whole raw milk Tanga Tanzania Microorganism Milk-borne hazard Escherichia coli Brucellosis Clostridium Bacteriological quality

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A survey of zoonotic diseases in trade cattle slaughtered at Tanga city abattoir:a cause of public health concern

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 55-60页

作者： Swai ES Schoonman L Veterinary investigation centre(VIC) Tanga Dairy Trust(TADAT)

Objective:To estimate the prevalence of hydatidosis,cysticercosis,tuberculosis,leptospirosis,brucellosis and toxoplasmosis in slaughtered bovine stock(aged≥3 years)at Tanga city abattoir,***:Prevalence estimation of the five zoonotic diseases was undertaken through an active abattoir and sero-survey was carried out in Tanga city,during the period of January 2002and March *** samples collected from a sub-sample(n=51)of the slaughter stock were serologically screened for antibodies against brucellosis,leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis using Rose Bengal plate test,microscopic agglutination test(for 5 serovars of Leptospira interrogans)and Eiken latex agglutination test,*** same animals were tested for tuberculosis using the single intradermal tuberculin ***:Post mortem examination of 12 444 slaughter cattle(10 790 short horn zebu and 1 654 graded)over a period of twenty two months,showed a prevalence of 1.56%(194)for hydatidosis,1.49%(185)for cysticercosis and 0.32%(40)for *** all three zoonoses,a statistically significant difference in infection rates was noted between the short horn zebu and graded breeds(P<0.05).The overall seroprevalences of animals with brucellosis,toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis antibodies were found to be 12%,12%and 51%,*** most common leptospiral antibodies detected were those against antigens of serovars Leptospira hardjo(29%),Leptospira tarassovi(18%),Leptospira bataviae(4%)and Leptospira pomona(0%).With regard to tuberculosis,10%(n=5)of the animals tested were classified as non-specific reactors or ***:The study findings suggest that brucellosis,toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis are prevalent in Tanga and provide definitive evidence of slaughtered stock exposure to these zoonotic agents with concurrent public health consequences.

关键词： Abattoir Slaughter stock Zoonoses Risk Tanga Tanzania Brucellosis Toxoplasmosis Leptospirosis Antibody Seroprevalence Zoonotic disease

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Intelligent interaction system based on multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch for disabled sports and life

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 290-305页

作者： Yuzhang WEN Mengqi ZHANG Zhenning XIE Zida AN Bing LIU Fengxin SUN Tianming ZHAO Zuojun YU Fei WANG Yupeng MAO Physical Education Department Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China China Ice Sports College Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Criminal investigation Police University of China Shenyang 110035China

Intelligent interaction technology based on advanced sensing units has become a research *** this paper,an intelligent interaction system(IIS)based on a multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch(MCTP)is reported for sports monitoring and life promotion of the *** IIS consists of a cloud-based smart sports recognition program and a smart life *** porous micro-reinforced structure of polyurethane(PU)Sponge&Ecoflex,and the surface modification of PTFE by coating it with MXene endows the MCTP with excellent electrical *** shows good angle and force sensitivities of 1.1 V/°and 1.61 V/N,respectively,and has an ultra-fast response time of 15 ms,meeting the needs of human motion *** MCTP can also capture the mechanical energy,producing a maximum output power of 139μ*** with the commercial inertial measuring unit(IMU),the MCTP shows better consistency in human joint angle sensing.A precise analysis of wheelchair curling sports monitoring points is achieved by combining the MCTP and the human anatomy *** cloud-based smart sports recognition program utilizes machine learning to achieve visual feedback on the three throwing technologies of draw,takeout and *** addition,the developed smart life application uses a highsensitivity MCTP-sensor array design to achieve a variety of smart home interactions through simple finger ***,the IIS integrates the three major functions of smart sports sensing,energy capture,and smart home control,providing important application prospects in the fields of smart sports and human-computer interaction for the disabled.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator machine learning smart sports smart home human-computer interaction

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Innovative dispersion techniques of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)through mechanical stirring and ultrasonication:Impact on morphological,mechanical,and thermal properties of epoxy nanocomposites

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 13-25页

作者： Vasi Uddin Siddiqui S.M.Sapuan Mohd Roshdi Hassan Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research centre(AEMC) Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangor 43400Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangor 43400Malaysia

Graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)have attracted tremendous interest due to their unique properties and bonding *** study focuses on the effect of GNP dispersion on the mechanical,thermal,and morphological behavior of GNP/epoxy *** study aims to understand how the dispersion of GNPs affects the properties of epoxy nanocomposite and to identify the best dispersion approach for improving mechanical performance.A solvent mixing technique that includes mechanical stirring and ultrasonication was used for producing the *** transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the interaction between GNPs and the epoxy *** measurements of density and moisture content were used to confirm that GNPs were successfully incorporated into the *** findings showed that GNPs are successfully dispersed in the epoxy matrix by combining mechanical stirring and ultrasonication in a single step,producing well-dispersed nanocomposites with improved mechanical ***,the nanocomposites at a low GNP loading of 0.1 wt%,demonstrate superior mechanical strength,as shown by increased tensile properties,including improved Young's modulus(1.86 GPa),strength(57.31 MPa),and elongation at break(4.98).The nanocomposite with 0.25 wt%GNP loading performs better,according to the viscoelastic analysis and flexural properties(113.18 MPa).Except for the nanocomposite with a 0.5 wt%GNP loading,which has a higher thermal breakdown temperature,the thermal characteristics do not significantly *** effective dispersion of GNPs in the epoxy matrix and low agglomeration is confirmed by the morphological *** findings help with filler selection and identifying the best dispersion approach,which improves mechanical *** effective integration of GNPs and their interaction with the epoxy matrix provides the doorway for additional investigation and the development of sophisticated *** fiel

关键词： Graphene nanoplatelets Epoxy Nanocomposites Mechanical properties Thermal properties Mechanical stirrer Sonication

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