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Synthesis of Southern Corn Rootworm Pheromone from S-Citronellol and Its Field Evaluation

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第4期5卷 223-230页

作者： Thangaiah Subramanian Meiling Webb Ganga Bhagavathy Annett Rozek Bheema Rao Paraselli Kamlesh R. Chauhan invasive insects biocontrol & behavior laboratory USDA-ARS Beltsville USA Terramera Inc. Vancouver Canada Chemveda Life Sciences Inc. San Diego USA

Southern rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) affects several plants such as soybean, sorghum, wheat, cucumber, alfalfa, cucurbits and it is most damaging to corn and peanuts. The pheromone based “attract and kill” strategy is one of the powerful ways to control pest population. To address our key objective of the practical utility of the synthetic pheromone, we have developed a simple synthetic strategy to produce gram scale southern corn rootworm pheromone in nine simple steps starting from S-Citronellol. The present strategy takes advantage of the existing chiral center of commercially available S-Citronellol. To get the basic carbon skeleton of the pheromone, the main step in the synthetic strategy is coupling of aliphatic units through Wittig reaction. The phosphonium salt from a non-functionalized aliphatic bromide followed by Wittig reaction improved the overall yield in the multistep synthesis of this pheromone. The large-scale production of pheromone enabled us to test it in the field.

关键词： Southern Corn Rootworm Pheromone Synthesis Wittig Reaction Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Field Attraction

An endoparasitoid uses its egg surface proteins to regulate its host immune response

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1030-1046页

作者： Zi-Wen Teng Hui-Zi Wu Xin-Hai Ye Qi Fang Hong-Xu Zhou Gong-Yin Ye China-Australia Cooperation Base of Crop Health and invasive Species China-Australia Joint Institute of Agricultural and Environmental HealthCollege of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina State Key laboratory of Rice Biology Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and InsectsKey Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

With proteomic analysis,we identified 379 egg surface proteins from an endoparasitoid,Cotesia *** containing conserved enzymatic domains constitute a large proportion of egg surface *** proteins,such as superoxidase dismutase,homolog of *** 32-kDa protein,and immunoevasive protein-2A,are classical parasitism factors that have known functions in host immunity *** assays revealed that a novel egg surface protein,*** egg surface serpin domain-containing protein had the same function as a *** venom serpin,as both suppressed host melanization in a dose-dependent *** egg surface serpin domain-containing protein is mainly transcribed in *** oocytes with follicular cells,and it is located on both the anterior and posterior sides of the mature egg ***,we used LC-MS/MS to identify 586 binding proteins sourced from *** plasma located on the eggshell surface of ***,which included some immunity-related *** results not only indicate that *** uses its egg surface proteins to reduce the immune response of its host but also imply that endoparasitoid egg surface proteins might be a new parasitism factor involved in host immune regulation.

关键词： egg surface protein immune regulation melanization parasitism factor parasitoid wasp

Spatial heterogeneity and population risk analysis of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, in ChinaKey words spatial characteristics, spatial pattern, semivariance, population management, geostatistics, Helicoverpa armigera, population regulation

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Insect Science 2005年第4期12卷 255-262页

作者： SHAO-KUI GE RAYMOND I. CARRUTHERS ZU-FEI MA GUANG XUEZHANG DIAN-MO LI State Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing China USDA-ARS Exotic & Invasive Weeds Research Unit Albany California US

In this study, semivariance was used to quantitatively measure the spatial heterogeneity for the egg population of cotton bollworm during a growing season. The typical characteristic parameters of theoretical semivariance models against lag distances were applied to measure components of spatial heterogeneity： trend, range, spatial dependence, and the strength of spatial dependence. Then, kriging interpolation was used to evaluate the population risk of cotton bollworm exceeding economic thresholds. From early June through early September, the population densities were sampled 10 times in the study field. Results showed that the spatial patterns were related to population density. For its low-density population, the spatially heterogeneous trends were usually of spherical shapes; but for highdensity ones, the trends shifted to Gaussian shapes. The spatial dependence appeared at varied distances ranging from 52 meters to 936 meters, and the spatial dependence was in the range of 0.39-288.60, which changed with population densities. While having high heterogeneity, the strength of spatial dependence became much stronger. Results of population risk analysis showed that there was a high risk during its early stages, especially in mid-June. In August, population risk was so low that it did not need to be controlled.

关键词： spatial characteristics spatial pattern semivariance population management geostausucs Helicoverpa armigera population regulation

Comparison of the signaling pathways of wing dimorphism regulated by biotic and abiotic stress in the brown planthopper

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1046-1062页

作者： Jing-Xiang Chen Wan-Xue Li Qin Su Jun Lyu Yi-Bing Zhang Wen-Qing Zha State Key laboratory of biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Wing polymorphism is an evolutionary trait that is widely present in various insects and provides a model system for studying the evolutionary significance of insect *** brown planthopper(BPH,Nilaparvata lugens)can alter its wing morphs un-der biotic and abiotic ***,whether differential signaling pathways are induced by the 2 types of stress remain largely ***,we screened a number of candidate genes through weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)and found that ornithine decarboxylase(NIODC),a key enzyme in the synthesis of polyamines,was as-sociated with wing differentiation in BPH and mainly responded to abiotic stress *** analyzed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment pathways of dif-ferentially expressed genes under the 2 stresses by transcriptomic comparison,and found that biotic stress mainly influenced insulin-related signaling pathways while abiotic stress mainly influenced hormone-related ***,we found that insulin receptor 1(NllnRI)may regulate wing differentiation of BPH by responding to both biotic and abiotic stress,but NllnR2 only responded to biotic ***,the juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase associated with juvenile hormone degradation and NIODC may regu-late wing differentiation mainly through abiotic stress.A model based on the genes and stresses to modulate the wing dimorphism of BPH was *** findings present a comprehensive molecular mechanism for wing polymorphism in BPH induced by biotic and abiotic stress.

关键词： insulin juvenile hormone Nilaparvata lugens ornithine decarboxylase stress wing dimorphism

Identification of a sugar gustatory receptor and its effect on fecundity of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 441-452页

作者： Wei-Wen Chen Kui Kang Pan Yang Wen-Qing Zhang State Key laboratory of biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China

In insects, the gustatory system plays a crucial role in multiple physiological behaviors, including feeding, toxin avoidance, courtship, mating and oviposition. Gustatory stimuli from the environment are recognized by gustatory receptors. To date, little is known about the function of gustatory receptors in agricultural pest insects. In this study, we cloned a sugar gustatory receptor gene, N/Gr11, from the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), a serious pest of rice in Asia;we then identified its ligands, namely, fructose, galactose and arabinose, by calcium imaging assay. After injection of N/Gr11 doublestranded RNA, we found that the number of eggs laid by BPH decreased. Moreover, we found that N/Gr11 inhibited the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). These findings demonstrated that N/Gr11 could accelerate the fecundity of BPH through AMPK- and AKT-mediated signaling pathways. This is the first report to indicate that a gustatory receptor modulates the fecundity of insects and that the receptor could be a potential target for pest control.

关键词： brown planthopper fecundity gustatory receptors ligands sugar

Galactose-N/Gr11 inhibits AMPK phosphorylation byactivating the PI3K-AKT-PKF-ATPsignaling cascade viainsulin receptor and Gβγ

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 735-745页

作者： Wei-Wen Chen Kui Kang Jun Lv Lei Yue Wen-Qing Zhang State Key laboratory of biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

As ligands of the sugar gustatory receptors,sugars have been known to activatethe insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway;however,the precise pathways thatare activated by the sugar-bound gustatory receptors in insects remain *** this study,we aimed to investigate the signaling cascades activated by NlGr11,a sugar gustatory re-ceptor in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens(Stal),and its ***-boundNGrl1(galactose-NIGr11)activated the-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-AKT signaling cascade via insulin receptor(InR)and Gβγin *** addition,galactose-NlGr11inhibited the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylationby activating the AKT-phosphofructokinase(PFK)-ATP signaling cascade in ***-tantly,the InR-PI3K-AKT-PFK-AKT signaling cascade was activated and the AMPKphosphorylation was inhibited after feeding the brown planthoppers with galactose ***,these findings confirm that NIGr1l can inhibit AMPK phosphorylationby activating the PI3K-AKT-PFK-ATP signaling cascades via both InR and GBy whenbound to ***,our study provides novel insights into the signaling pathwaysregulated by the sugar gustatory receptors in insects.

关键词： AMPK galactosc Gβγ IlS pathway sugar gustatory receptor

Involvement of mind the gap in the organization of the tracheal apical extracellular matrix in Drosophila and Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 756-770页

作者： Xiang-Zhao Yue Dan Li Jun Lv Kai Liu Jie Chen Wen-Qing Zhang State Key laboratory of biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The tracheal apical extracellular matrix(aECM)is vital for expansion of the tracheal lumen and supports the normal structure of the lumen to guarantee air entry and circulation in *** it has been found that some cuticular proteins are involved in the organization of the aECM,unidentified factors still ***,we found that mind the gap(Mtg),a predicted chitin-binding protein,is required for the normal formation of the apical chitin matrix of airway tubes in the model holometabolous insect Drosophila *** to chitin,the Mtg protein was linearly arranged in the tracheal dorsal trunk of the tracheae in *** mtg expression in the tracheae seriously affected the viability of larvae and caused tracheal chitin spiral defects in some *** of mtg mutant showed that mtg was required for normal development of tracheae in *** taenidial folds of some mtg mutant embryos were found on either lateral view of tracheal dorsal trunk or internal view of transmission electron microscopy *** abnormal tracheae were not fully filled with gas and accompanied by a reduction in tracheal width,which are characteristic phenotypes of tracheal aECM ***,in the hemimetabolous brown planthopper(BPH)Nilapat'vata lugens,downregulation of NICPAP1-N(a homolog of mtg)also led to the formation of abnormal tracheal chitin spirals and *** results suggest that mtg and its homolog are involved in the proper organization of the tracheal aECMs in flies and BPH,and that this function may be conserved in insects.

关键词： chitin Drosophila melanogaster,extracellular matrix mind the gap Nilapm vata lugens trachea

Pancreatic triglyceride lipase is involved in the virulence of the brown planthopper to rice plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第11期19卷 2758-2766页

作者： YUAN Long-yu HAO Yuan-hao CHEN Qiao-kui PANG Rui ZHANG Wen-qing State Key laboratory of biocontrol/School of Life Sciences SunYat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275P.R.China

The brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens,an important rice insect pest,can enhance its virulence to BPH-resistant rice within as short a span as several ***,we cloned a pancreatic triglyceride lipase(PTL)gene(NlPTL)in ***,and found that its mRNA level was higher in the high virulence population(fed on variety Rathu Heenati,P-RH)than in the low virulence population(fed on variety Taichung Native 1,P-TN1).Knocking down NlPTL caused BPH individuals to spend more time in non-penetration and the pathway phases and less time feeding on the phloem of rice plants;these changes consequently decreased food intake,lipid content,survival rate,and fecundity in the *** findings reveal for the first time that PTL in BPH is involved in its virulence to rice plants.

关键词： pancreatic triglyceride lipase Nilaparvata lugens virulence rice lipid

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection of tomato does not affect the performance of the Q and ZHJ2 biotypes of the viral vector Bemisia tabaci

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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 40-49页

作者： Meng Li Jian Liu Shu-Sheng Liu Ministry of Agriculture Key laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and insects Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou China

To better understand the etiology of begomovirus epidemics in regions under invasion we need to know how indigenous and invasive whitefly vectors respond to virus infection. We investigated both direct and indirect effects of infection with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） on the performance of the invasive Q biotype and the indigenous Asian ZHJ2 biotype of whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The Q biotype performed better than the ZHJ2 biotype on either uninfected or virus-infected tomato plants. However, virus-infection of host plants did not, or only marginally affected, the performance of either biotype of whiteflies in terms of fecundity, longevity, survival, development and population increase. Likewise, association of the vectors with TYLCV did not affect fecundity and longevity of the Q or ZHJ2 biotypes on cotton, a non-host of TYLCV. These results indicate that the alien Q biotype whitefly, but not the indigenous ZHJ2 biotype, is likely to become the major vector of TYLCV in the field and facilitate virus epidemics.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci performance tomato Tomato yellow leaf curl virus virusinfection