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international Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第2期36卷 177-189页

作者： Xiaoya Tang Sichen Tong Guoxian Huang Guangxiang Xu Xinghua Li Kun Lei Shiming Yao School of River and Ocean Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chinese Research Academy of environmental Sciences Key Laboratory of River Regulation and Control of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University

Construction of large dams is attractive because of their great benefits in flood control, hydropower generation, water resources utilization, navigation improvement, etc. However, dam construction may bring some negative impacts on sediment transport and channel dynamics adjustments. Due to the effects of recent water and soil conservation projects, sediment retention in the newly constructed large upstream reservoirs, and other factors, the sedimentation in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) is quite different from the amount previously predicted in the demonstration stage. Consequently, based on the measured data, characteristics of sedimentation and the related channel deformation in the TGR were analyzed. The results imply that sediment transport tended to be reduced after the Three Gorges Project(TGP). Sedimentation slowed dramatically after 2013 and indicated obvious seasonal characteristics. Due to the rising water level in the TGR in the flood season, the yearly sediment export ratio(Eratio) was prone to decrease. The water level near the dam site should be reasonably regulated according to the flow discharge to improve the sediment delivery capacity and reduce sedimentation in the TGR, and to try to avoid situations where the flood retention time is close to 444 h. The depositional belt was discontinuous in the TGR and was mainly distributed in the broad reaches, and only slight erosion or deposition occurred in the gorge reaches. Sedimentation in the broad and gorge reaches accounted for 93.8% and6.2% of the total sedimentation, respectively. The estuarine reach located in the fluctuating backwater area experienced alternate erosion-deposition, with a slight accumulative deposition in the curved *** mainly occurred in the perennial backwater area. The insight gained in this study can be conducive to directly understanding of large reservoir sedimentation and mechanism of channel adjustment in the reservoir region in the main channel of large

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir Sedimentation characteristics Channel adjustment Reduced sediment load

Global land mapping of satellite-observed CO_(2)total columns using spatio-temporal geostatistics

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第4期10卷 426-456页

作者： Zhao-Cheng Zeng Liping Lei Kimberly Strong Dylan B.A.Jones Lijie Guo Min Liu Feng Deng Nicholas M.Deutscher Manvendra K.Dubey David W.T.Griffith Frank Hase Bradley Henderson Rigel Kivi Rodica Lindenmaier Isamu Morino Hirofumi Ohyama Christof Petri Ralf Sussmann Voltaire A.Velazco Paul O.Wennberg Hui Lin Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Physics University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Institute of environmental Physics(IUP) University of BremenBremenGermany School of Chemistry University of WollongongWollongongAustralia Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNMUSA Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research(IMK-ASF)Germany FMI Arctic Research Center SodankyläFinland National Institute for environmental Studies(NIES) TsukubaIbarakiJapan Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)Tsukuba-cityIbarakiJapan Karlsruhe Institute of Technology IMK-IFUGarmisch-PartenkirchenGermany California Institute of Technology PasadenaCAUSA Department of Geography and Resource management The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China PNNL RichmondWA 99352USA. The Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory Nagoya UniversityJapan

This study presents an approach for generating a global land mapping dataset of the satellite measurements of CO_(2)total column(XCO_(2))using spatio-temporal geostatistics,which makes full use of the joint spatial and temporal dependencies between *** mapping approach considers the latitude-zonal seasonal cycles and spatio-temporal correlation structure of XCO_(2),and obtains global land maps of XCO_(2),with a spatial grid resolution of 1°latitude by 1°longitude and temporal resolution of 3 *** evaluate the accuracy and uncertainty of the mapping dataset in the following three ways:(1)in cross-validation,the mapping approach results in a high correlation coefficient of 0.94 between the predictions and observations,(2)in comparison with ground truth provided by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network(TCCON),the predicted XCO_(2)time series and those from TCCON sites are in good agreement,with an overall bias of 0.01 ppm and a standard deviation of the difference of 1.22 ppm and(3)in comparison with model simulations,the spatio-temporal variability of XCO_(2)between the mapping dataset and simulations from the CT2013 and GEOS-Chem are generally *** generated mapping XCO_(2)data in this study provides a new global geospatial dataset in global understanding of greenhouse gases dynamics and global warming.

关键词： XCO_(2) ACOS-GOSAT Spatio-temporal geostatistics global mapping geospatial dataset

Fully self-powered instantaneous wireless liquid level sensor system based on triboelectric nanogenerator

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5425-5434页

作者： Liangquan Xu Yuzhi Tang Chi Zhang Fuhai Liu Jinkai Chen Weipeng Xuan Hao Jin Zhi Ye Zhen Cao Yubo Li Xiaozi Wang Shurong Dong Jikui Luo Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems College of Electronics&Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China international Joint Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China Special Equipment College Hangzhou Vocational&Technical CollegeHangzhou 310018China

Self-powered sensors are highly sought for wireless sensing applications in space exploration,industries,and environmental monitoring,***,most current self-powered sensor technologies are based on the multiple energy conversion routine:energy collection,rectification,energy storage,and power management before it can be used for sensor systems,leading to exceptionally low energy utilization efficiency and very short periods of wireless sensing operation with majority of information ***,we propose a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based fully self-powered instantaneous and real-time wireless sensor system which does not contain electronic devices and microchips,but the passive components *** innovative cylindrical capacitive-type liquid level sensor is also proposed and is then integrated into the wireless sensor system for monitoring liquid levels or identifying substance of the *** sensor system can convert pulsed voltage output of the TENG into sinusoidal signal with a resonant frequency containing the sensing information and is transmitted to the receiver in distance in *** maximum transmission distance of the sensor system could reach 1.5 m for a 10 cm diameter magnetic-core coil *** wireless sensor system exhibited excellent stability and excellent linearity with a sensitivity of 4.63 kHz/cm,and demonstrated its great application potential for the self-powered liquid level monitoring.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator self-powered sensor liquid level sensing wireless and chipless sensor

Women and youths participation in agroforestry:What counts and what doesn’t around Mount Elgon,Uganda?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3306-3320页

作者： GALABUZI Charles AGABA Hillary OKIA Clement Akias ODOUL Judith MUTHURI Catherine National Forestry Resources Research Institute(NaFORRI) Kampala 1752Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization(NARO) Entebbe 295Uganda World Agroforestry Uganda Country OfficeKampala 2641Uganda World Agroforestry United Nations AvenueNairobi 30677Kenya Department of environmental Sciences Muni UniversityArua 725Uganda

The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December *** objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the *** were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant *** showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to *** to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 *** and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree *** scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led *** suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation *** has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount ***,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land *** factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant incr

关键词： Agroforestry trees Farmer decisions Farmer participation Livelihoods East African highlands

The Global Science of Integrated Water Governance

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Journal of environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第10期1卷 1167-1174页

作者： HebinLin Graduate School of Global environmental Studies Kyoto University Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan

Abstract： This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W （payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale）. PES-W is derived from an extension of governance analyses of 163 watershed-based PES （payments for ecosystem services） programs, and from the integrative decision mechanism of IPES （integrated payments for ecosystem services） to generalize the PES approach. PES-W reflects three interrelated perspectives fundamental to the global science of integrated water governance：（1） the ecological and economic perspective to integrate human incentives for integrated water resources governance; （2） the sociological and ecological perspective to form partnerships for meta-monitoring and recta-funding for integrated watershed governance; and （3） the scientific and sociological perspective to develop organizing botmdaries based on technology, lifestyle, entrepreneurship and organizing infrastructure for integrated aquatic ecosystem governance. This study is intended to communicate with the international scientific communities for establishing an advanced, academic, and practical multidisciplinary field of the global science of integrated water governance as a critical condition for sustainable development in human societies.

关键词： Aquatic ecosystem management payments for ecosystem services water governance water science.

Study of Impacts of Small Business Innovation Research programs

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international Journal of Plant Engineering and management 2008年第3期13卷 174-180页

作者： CAO Yong-hui School of Economics ＆ management Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang 453003 P.R. China

The development and commercialization of new technologies are important to the global economy. In this paper, the author first addresses Small Business Innovation Research （SBIR） background ; then, implicitly defines SBIR ; finally, I also analyze the impacts of smaU business innovation research programs. There are four aspects ： entrepreneurial orientation; environmental factors; organizational factors and performanee.

关键词： small business innovation research programs entrepreneurial orientation environmental factors organizational factors performance

Conserved profiles of digestion by double restriction endonucleases in insect genomes facilitate the design of dd RAD

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Zoological Systematics 2018年第4期43卷 341-355页

作者： Bingyan Li Qiao Gao Lijun Cao Ary Anthony Hoffmann Qiong Yang Jiaying Zhu Shujun Wei Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province College of Forestry Southwest Forestry University Institute of Plant and environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences School of BioSciences Bio21 Institute The University of Melbourne

Double-digested Restriction Site Associated DNA Sequencing（ddRAD） through next-generation sequencing（NGS） generates large numbers of loci for characterizing genomewide variation among multiple samples using next-generation sequencing. Different combinations of restriction endonucleases（REs） may produce varying size distributions of digested fragments, which affect the number of genotyped loci. Understanding digestion profiles across different species will help in selecting REs for digestion in a particular organism. In this study, we use of genome sequences to compare the in silico digestion profile of 26 combinations of REs in 131 insect species with two simulation programs. The number of digested fragments in the 300-450 bp range increases linearly with the size of the genome. Different species and insect orders showed similar profiles when digested by different combinations of REs in silico, indicating the conservation of digestion by double enzymes in insect genomes. Combinations with Nla III or TaqαI usually produced higher number of fragments in the range 300-450 bp, while combinations with EcoRI or MluCI produced fewer fragments. The proportion of fragments with the same overhangs at the two ends of digested DNA was higher than those with different overhangs. The two four-base enzyme pairs produced more fragments in the 300-450 bp range than pairs of four-base ＋ six-base enzymes. Experimental digestion of three species from Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Thysanoptera showed profiles congruent with in silico expectations. Our results shed light on understanding the digestion profiles of insect genomes and provide guidance on selecting REs for ddRAD projects.

关键词： Double-digested RADseq in silico simulation insect genome optimal doubledigestion combination

Marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean:status and future

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Advances in Polar Science 2018年第4期29卷 262-268页

作者： LI Chaolun YANG Guang Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Marine protected areas(MPAs) in the Southern Ocean are receiving more and more global attention. The Southern Ocean is one of the world’s last regions not yet seriously impacted by human activities, signifying its ecological importance and unique value for scientific research. In response to climate change and growing commercial fishing interests in the Southern Ocean and their impacts on the marine ecosystem, the Commission on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources(CCAMLR) is reacting to growing international pressure to establish a system of MPAs in the Southern Ocean to manage fisheries and conserve vital species—such as the keystone resource Antarctic krill and the dominant fish predator Antarctic toothfish—as well as to protect whole ecosystems. This review summarizes progress in the establishment of MPAs in the Southern Ocean by focusing on several major topics:(1) the current status of MPAs in the Southern Ocean;(2) the purpose and objective of MPAs in the Southern Ocean;(3) a short description of the largest high-sea MPA(the Ross Sea MPA);(4) ecological observation and monitoring for the planned MPAs in the Southern Ocean; and(5) the importance of international cooperation in the design, establishment and future management of MPAs in the Southern Ocean.

关键词： Antarctic krill CCAMLR marine protected areas Southern Ocean

Using agrophotovoltaics to reduce carbon emissions and global rural poverty

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The Innovation 2022年第6期3卷 11-12页

作者： Huiming Zhang Shan Liang Kai Wu Yueming(Lucy)Qiu Yinyin Cai Gabriel Chan Shouyang Wang Dequn Zhou Yi Zhou Zonghao Li School of management Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Finance Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100081China School of Public Policy University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institute of Atmospheric environmental Economics Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Humphrey School of Public Affairs University of MinnesotaTwin Cities301 S 19th Avenue SMinneapolisMN 55414USA School of Economics and management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Centre for Soft Energy Sciences Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211100China

Poverty-alleviation programs using solar energy(PAPSE)are poised to unlock unprecedented capital investments with significant potential to reconcile the energy–poverty–climate nexus.1 These programs are economically feasible because the costs of generating renewable energy have declined precipitously over the past decade;between 2010 and 2019,solar photovoltaiccosts decreased by 82%.Furthermore,the number of annual equivalent-use hours of sunlight in most countries exceeds 1200,meaning that PAPSE approaches are feasible in many places and can be undertaken independently from the power grid.

关键词： generating feasible poverty