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Reduction of DOM fractions and their trihalomethane formation potential in surface river water by in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 529-536页

作者： Pharkphum Rakruam Suraphong Wattanachira international postgraduate programs in environmental management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance management Chulalongkorn University Department of environmental Engineering/Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance management Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University

This research was aimed at investigating the reduction of DOM fractions and their trihalomethane formation potential （THMFP） by in-line coagulation with 0.1 μm ceramic membrane filtration. The combination of ceramic membrane filtration with a coagulation process is an alternative technology which can be applied to enhance conventional coagulation processes in the field of water treatment and drinking water production. The Ping River water （high turbidity water） was selected as the raw surface water because it is currently the main raw water source for water supply production in the urban and rural areas of Chiang Mai Province. From the investigation, the results showed that the highest percent reductions of DOC, UV-254, and THMFP （47.6%, 71.0%, and 67.4%, respectively） were achieved from in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration at polyaluminum chloride dosage 40 mg/L. Resin adsorption techniques were employed to characterize the DOM in raw surface water and filtered water. The results showed that the use of a ceramic membrane with in-line coagulation was able to most efficiently reduce the hydrophobic fraction （HPOA）（68.5%）, which was then followed by the hydrophilic fraction （HPIA）（49.3%）. The greater mass DOC reduction of these two fractions provided the highest THMFP reductions （55.1% and 37.2%, respectively）. Furthermore, the in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration was able to reduce the hydrophobic （HPOB） fraction which is characterized by high reactivity toward THM formation. The percent reduction of mass DOC and THMFP of HPOB by in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration was 45.9% and 48.0%, respectively.

关键词： ceramic membranedissolved organic matter fractionationin-line coagulation polyaluminium chloridetrihalomethane formation potential

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Significance of Primary Treatment Selection in the Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands (CWs)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 309-327页

作者： Snezana Didanovic Danijel Vrhovsek Ministry of Tourism Ecology Sustainable Development and Norther Region Development Podgorica Montenegro Jož ef Stefan International Postgraduate School Ljubljana Slovenija

This research explores strategies to enhance the efficiency of secondary treatment in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (CW) in Montenegro. The focus is on selecting appropriate primary treatment methods alongside three distinct substrate types to improve wastewater treatment efficacy. The study examines the combination of two primary treatments with different substrate types in constructed wetlands (CW1, CW2, and CW3). The primary treatments include the existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Podgorica, involving coarse material removal through screens, inert material separation in aerated sand traps, and sediment and suspended matter removal in primary sedimentation tanks. The Extreme Separator (ExSep) was employed to evaluate its efficacy as a primary treatment method. The research demonstrates that the efficiency of CW can be significantly enhanced by selecting suitable primary treatment methods and substrates in Podgorica’s conditions. The most promising results were achieved by combining ExSep as a primary treatment with secondary treatment in CW-3. The removal efficiencies after CW3 for COD, BOD, and TSS exceeded 89%, 93%, and 91%, respectively. The outcomes underscore the significance of primary treatment in mitigating pollutant loads before discharge into the constructed wetlands, emphasizing potential areas for further optimization in wastewater treatment practices to enhance environmental sustainability and water quality management.

关键词： Constructed Wetlands (CW) Substrates for Wetlands Vertical Flow System Primary Treatment Treatment Efficacy

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Adsorption of single and mixed haloacetonitriles on silica-based porous materials: Mechanisms and effects of porous structures

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 346-360页

作者： Panida Prarat Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai Sutha Khaodhiar Patiparn Punyapalakul international postgraduate programs in Hazardous Substance and environmental management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance management (HSM) Chulalongkorn University Department of Chemical Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University The Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT) Chulalongkorn University Department of environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Research unit Control of Emerging Micropollutants in Environment Chulalongkorn University Research Network of NANOTEC - CU on Environment

Adsorption mechanisms and the role of different porous and crystalline structures on the removal of five haloacetonitriles(HANs) over hexagonal mesoporous silica(HMS), titanium substituted mesoporous silica(Ti-HMS), rod-shaped SBA-15 and microporous zeolite Na Y were investigated. In addition, the effect of p H on adsorption mechanism and selective adsorption of five HANs individually and in an equimolar mixed solution were *** results indicated that the intraparticle diffusion rate constants of the mesoporous adsorbents were higher than that of the microporous Na Y. In single solute, the order of adsorption preference(highest to lowest) was mono-HANs > di-HANs > tri-HAN. However,in mixed solute, the large molecular weight of the tri-HAN and di-HANs are more easily adsorbed than the smaller molecular weight mono-HANs. Except for SBA-15, the order of adsorption capacities in mixed HANs solute was not different compared to that observed for the single HAN solute, which might be caused by the higher accessibility to the active sites due to larger pore size. The ion-dipole electrostatic interaction was likely to be the main adsorption mechanism, and was favored at high p H values due to the high negative surface charge density of the adsorbent. The molecular structure of the HANs and hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature affected the adsorption capacities and their selective adsorption from mixed solutes.

关键词： Haloacetonitrile Adsorption mechanism Porous structure Ion-dipole electrostatic interaction Hydrophilicity

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Reproductive Mode of Fejervarya limnocharis (Anura:Ranidae) Caught from Mae Sot,Thailand Based on Its Gonadosomatic Indices

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第1期2卷 41-45页

作者： Mohd Sham OTHMAN Wichase KHONSUE Jirarach KITANA Kumthorn THIRAKHUPT Mark Gregory ROBSON Noppadon KITANA international postgraduate programs in environmental management Graduate SchoolChulalongkorn University National Center of Excellence for environmental and Hazardous Waste management (NCE-EHWM) Chulalongkorn University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn University environmental Health Program Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz50300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia School of environmental and Biological Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew Jersey 08901-8525USA Thai Fogarty international Training and Research in environmental and Occupational Health Center NIH FIC 43TW007849 Chulalongkorn University

Amphibians show a variety of reproductive modes and strategies. The cyclicity and continuity of reproduction can often be predicted from the annual gonadosomatic index trends in a species specific manner. This research aims to document the female and male gonadosomatic index profiles and to ascertain the reproductive cyclicity or continuity of Fejervarya lirnnocharis （Anura： Ranidae） caught in Mac Sot, Tak Province, Thailand. Frogs were collected monthly between November 2007 and October 2009 in rice fields and their surrounding areas in the study site. For each frog, total weight and ovarian/testicular weight were measured to obtain the female and male gonadosomatic index. The number of female individuals with mature eggs （postvitellogenic eggs） was also counted. The results showed that female frogs had two main surges of increased GSI in March and September of 2008. Alternatively, male frogs showed a more gradual increase and decrease in gonadosomatic index, thus the index remaining high throughout the year. This study concluded that while F. limnocharis in this area is essentially a continuous breeder, it is more optimized for a cyclic reproduction mode with two breeding cycles during the rainy season.

关键词： rice flog cyclic reproduction egg deposition GSI profile

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Assessing the impacts of human activities and climate variations on grassland productivity by partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第4期9卷 473-488页

作者： SHA Zongyao XIE Yichun TAN Xicheng BAI Yongfei LI Jonathan LIU Xuefeng international Software School Wuhan University Department of Geography and Geology Eastern Michigan University Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geography & environmental management University of Waterloo School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University

The cause-effect associations between geographical phenomena are an important focus in ecological research. Recent studies in structural equation modeling（SEM） demonstrated the potential for analyzing such associations. We applied the variance-based partial least squares SEM（PLS-SEM） and geographically-weighted regression（GWR） modeling to assess the human-climate impact on grassland productivity represented by above-ground biomass（AGB）. The human and climate factors and their interaction were taken to explain the AGB variance by a PLS-SEM developed for the grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China. Results indicated that 65.5% of the AGB variance could be explained by the human and climate factors and their interaction. The case study showed that the human and climate factors imposed a significant and negative impact on the AGB and that their interaction alleviated to some extent the threat from the intensified human-climate pressure. The alleviation may be attributable to vegetation adaptation to high human-climate stresses, to human adaptation to climate conditions or/and to recent vegetation restoration programs in the highly degraded areas. Furthermore, the AGB response to the human and climate factors modeled by GWR exhibited significant spatial variations. This study demonstrated that the combination of PLS-SEM and GWR model is feasible to investigate the cause-effect relation in socio-ecological systems.

关键词： spatial modeling human-natural interaction grazing urbanization road network

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“How Do We Actually Do Convergence”for Disaster Resilience?Cases from Australia and the United States

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international Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第3期12卷 299-311页

作者： Shefali Juneja Lakhina Elaina J.Sutley Jay Wilson Wonder Labs San JoseCA 95128USA Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Clackamas County Disaster management Oregon CityOR 97045USA

In recent years there has been an increasing emphasis on achieving convergence in disaster research,policy,and programs to reduce disaster losses and enhance social ***,there remain considerable gaps in understanding"how do we actually do convergence?"In this article,we present three case studies from across geographies—New South Wales in Australia,and North Carolina and Oregon in the United States;and sectors of work—community,environmental,and urban resilience,to critically examine what convergence entails and how it can enable diverse disciplines,people,and institutions to reduce vulnerability to systemic risks in the twenty-first *** identify key successes,challenges,and barriers to *** build on current discussions around the need for convergence research to be problem-focused and solutions-based,by also considering the need to approach convergence as ethic,method,and *** reflect on how convergence can be approached as an ethic that motivates a higher order alignment on"why"we come together;as a method that foregrounds"how"we come together in inclusive ways;and as an outcome that highlights"what"must be done to successfully translate research findings into the policy and public domains.

关键词： Convergence research Disaster resilience Disaster risk reduction Research ethics

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Local tips, global impact: community-driven measures as avenues of promoting inclusion in the control of neglected tropical diseases: a case study in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 81-90页

作者： Elizabeth A.Ochola Diana M.S.Karanja Susan J.Elliott Department of Geography and environmental management University ofWaterlooWaterlooONCanada

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)affect poor populations with little or no’’political voice’to influence control *** most NTDs have interventions that work,the biggest challenge remains in delivering targeted interventions to affected populations residing in areas experiencing weak health *** the upward development trends in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),the healthcare worker to population ratio remains exceptionally low,with some areas not served at all;thus,there is a need to involve other personnel for school and community-based healthcare ***,the current community-based programs suffer from inconsistent community participation due to a lack of coordinated response,and an expanded intervention agenda that lacks context-specific solutions applicable to rural,urban,and marginalized ***:This research investigated the capacity of local communities to address the burden of *** by the social theory of human capability,the research collected primary qualitative data by conducting key informant interviews and focus group discussions of people infected or affected by *** interview data were collected and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis using Nvivo version ***:Our findings reveal,first,a need for intersectoral collaboration between governments and affected populations for inclusive and sustainable NTD ***,a’’bottom-up’approach that enhances capacity building,sensitization,and behaviour change for improved uptake of NTD ***,the enforcement of Public Health Legislative Acts that mandates the reporting and treatment of NTDs such as ***,the establishment of support groups and counseling services to assist persons suffering from debilitating and permanent effects of ***:Our research demonstrates the importance of human agency in encouraging new forms of participation leading to the co-production of inclusive and susta

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Control Community-driven measure Local solution Global impact Inclusion Kenya

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Phytoremediation potential of charophytes:Bioaccumulation and toxicity studies of cadmium,lead and zinc

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2013年第3期25卷 596-604页

作者： Najjapak Sooksawat Metha Meetam Maleeya Kruatrachue Prayad Pokethitiyook Koravisd Nathalang Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Mahidol University international College

The ability for usage of common freshwater charophytes,Chara aculeolata and Nitella opaca in removal of cadmium （Cd）,lead （Pb） and zinc （Zn） from wastewater was *** and *** were exposed to various concentrations of Cd （0.25 and 0.5 mg/L）,Pb （5 and 10 mg/L） and Zn （5 and 10 mg/L） solutions under hydroponic conditions for 6 *** was more tolerant of Cd and Pb than *** relative growth rate of *** was drastically reduced at high concentrations of Cd and Pb although both were tolerant of *** macroalgae showed a reduction in chloroplast,chlorophyll and carotenoid content after Cd and Pb exposure,while Zn exposure had little *** bioaccumulation of both Cd and Pb was higher in *** （1544.3 μg/g at 0.5 mg/L Cd,21657.0 μg/g at 10 mg/L Pb） whereas higher Zn accumulation was observed in *** （6703.5 μg/g at 10 mg/L Zn）.In addition,high bioconcentration factor values （〉 1000） for Cd and Pb were observed in both *** showed higher percentage of Cd and Pb removal （〉 95%） than *** and seemed to be a better choice for Cd and Pb removal from wastewater due to its tolerance to these metals.

关键词： charophyte Chara aculeolata Nitella opaca cadmium lead zinc phytoremediation

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Assessing the Role of Waste Pickers in the Recycling Industry in Accra Metropolis

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第10期8卷 73-87页

作者： I. K. Kwarteng Davor Kontič Tine Bizjak Branko Kontič Department of Nuclear Science and Applications Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Legon Accra Nuclear Chemistry and environmental Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Legon Accra Department of environmental Sciences Jo&#382 ef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia international postgraduate School Jo&#382 ef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia

Despite their contributions to solving specific waste management issues by collecting recyclables, waste-pickers are maligned when waste management policies are formulated. The purpose of this study was to assess and expose the beneficial economic and environmental protection role of waste pickers and how they can be integrated into the solid waste management system. The study imposed both quantitative and qualitative data collection method (mixed method research). The primary data were sourced through face-to-face in-depth interviews with operators and managers of the dumpsites. The selected waste pickers were asked to fill a questionnaire that brought to the fore all that their work entails from the number of recyclables recovered to their occupational health and safety. Results show that the volume of waste retrieved from the waste stream at the three dumpsites in Accra metropolis is less than 1% per annum. The waste pickers, if integrated into the waste management system and motivated, could help in reviving the recycling industry which would reduce the pressure on virgin materials and the environment. It is also their source of livelihood. The benefits are mutual.

关键词： Waste-Pickers Solid Waste management Recyclables Dumpsites Policies

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Review of EU projects with a focus on environmental quality: Innovation, eco-innovation, and circular-economy elements

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international Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： Jana Hojnik Mitja Ruzzier Maja Konecnik Ruzzier Boris Sucic Brandon Soltwisch Matej Rus University of Primorska Faculty of ManagementIzolska Vrata 26000KoperSlovenia University of Ljubljana School of Economics and BusinessKardeljeva Ploscad 171000LjubljanaSlovenia Jozef Stefan Institute Energy Efficiency CentreJamova 391000LjubljanaSlovenia Tulane University Freeman School of Business6823 St Charles AveNew OrleansLA 70118USA University of Maribor Faculty of Economics and BusinessRazlagova 142000MariborSlovenia

The primary objective of this study is to delve into transnational projects conducted between 2014 and 2020,with a strong emphasis on environmental *** focus is directed toward projects that encompass either eco-innovation or feature elements intrinsic to a circular *** achieve this goal,we introduce a pioneering analytical framework tailored to dissect transnational projects,which intricately interweaves the diverse dimensions of environmental quality and innovation,facilitating a comparative assessment across various program *** approach aligns with the overarching mission of the four flagship initiatives,in which we evaluate the combined impacts on sustainability and *** evaluation considers three fundamental factors:(1)resource allocation,(2)innovation type,and(3)infusion of eco-innovation or circular economy *** methodology unfolds through a systematic,step-by-step ***,we meticulously handpick programs,specifically Interreg,Horizon,and Life projects,within the scope of TSG3(environmental Quality).Each of these programs corresponds to one of the following four flagship initiatives:(1)overseeing and managing marine species,(2)fostering sustainable development in coastal and maritime zones,(3)safeguarding and elevating natural habitats and terrestrial ecosystems,and(4)formulating transnational contingency strategies for maritime *** an exhaustive review,we identify projects that either directly or indirectly champion eco-innovation or other facets of the circular ***,we uncover broader manifestations of innovation,eco-innovation,and circular economy *** the Oslo Manual as a guide,we methodically categorize these innovations into the product,process,organizational,and marketing *** the timeframe under scrutiny,a relatively modest subset of projects embraced eco-innovations and practices aligned with the circular *** findings culminate in

关键词： Environment Sustainability Eco-innovation Innovation EU projects Entrepreneurship

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