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How neonatal diet affects the long-term development of rumination behavior, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in dairy calves fed a high milk level?

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 326-337页

作者： Jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson M. Alugongo Hui Yang Shuai Liu Yulin Ma Jingjun Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding International Calf and Heifer Organization College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was to investigate growth performance, rumination development, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in young calves provided high volumes(about 20% of calf birth weight) of milk with or without forage inclusion and how these parameters correlate with each other. Immediately after birth,160 newborn Holstein female calves(41.6 ± 4.2 kg of initial BW) were randomly divided into 2 treatments: 1) starter(CON, only starter) and 2) starter and hay(HAY, both starter and hay). The calves were fed their respective experimental diets from d 4 to 84, after which they were all introduced to similar diets until the end of the experiment on d 196. Treatment had no effect on growth and structural measurements throughout the experimental period. However, treatment had an effect on the other parameters, mainly during the post-weaning period. Forage supplementation tended to reduce starter dry matter intake(P = 0.05), while increasing the forage intake(P < 0.01) and the feed-to-gain ratio(P < 0.01). HAY calves had increased neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and physically effective NDF(peNDF)intakes(P < 0.05) and tended to lower(P < 0.01) starch intake compared to CON calves. The HAY calves had a higher rumination time(P < 0.01), ruminal pH(P < 0.01), and acetate-to-propionate ratio(P = 0.05)compared to the CON calves. Spearman correlation analysis showed that rumination time was positively related to the ruminal p H at d 84(P = 0.01) and 196(P = 0.02). The HAY calves had similar apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter(DM), NDF and ether extract(EE), but lower digestibility of organic matter(OM, P = 0.03), crude protein(CP, P < 0.01) and starch(P < 0.01) compared to those of the CON calves at week 12. Furthermore, there were no positive relationships between rumination time and nutrient digestibility or between rumination time per kilogram DM and nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, feeding hay to calves fed a high milk level improved rumination during the post-weani

关键词： Neonatal calf Early forage feeding Rumination Rumen fermentation Nutrient digestibility

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Latest assessment methods for mitochondrial homeostasis in cognitive diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 754-768页

作者： Wei You Yue Li Kaixi Liu Xinning Mi Yitong Li Xiangyang Guo Zhengqian Li Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical college Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Branch of China international Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care(CPAM)

Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function,such as supporting normal energy metabolism,regulating reactive oxygen species,buffering physiological calcium loads,and maintaining the balance of morphology,subcellular distribution,and overall health through mitochondrial *** the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions,mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease,mild cognitive impairment,and postoperative cognitive *** review will focus on the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine and research methodology in the field of cognitive sciences,from the perspectives of energy metabolism,oxidative stress,calcium homeostasis,and mitochondrial dynamics(including fission-fusion,transport,and mitophagy).

关键词： cognitive disorders mitochondrial dysfunction mitochondrial energy metabolism mitochondrial dynamics mitochondrial transport mitophagy mitochondrial biogenesis oxidative stress calcium homeostasis

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Defect spinel oxides for electrocatalytic reduction reactions

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3547-3570页

作者： Zhijuan Liu Jinyu Guo Lu-yu Liu Fen Wang Zhijie Kong Yanyong Wang Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster MaterialsKey Laboratory of Special Environmental Functional Materials(Zhengzhou University)Ministry of EducationGreen Catalysis Centerand College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Electrocatalytic reduction reactions play a crucial role in electrochemical energy conversion and storage technology,which are emerging technologies to ameliorate environmental *** oxides are widely explored in electrocatalytic oxidation reactions but have a poor intrinsic ability to reduction reactions,making their electrocatalytic ability less *** improve this,defect engineering is a valuable method for regulating the electronic structure and coordination ***,this manuscript discusses the use of defect spinel oxides in electrocatalytic reduction reactions,including the different types of defects,construction methods,and characterization *** also outlines the various applications of defect spinel oxides in different electrocatalytic reduction ***,it goes over the challenges and future outlooks for defect *** review aims to thoroughly explain how defect spinels work in electrocatalytic reduction reactions and serve as a helpful guide for creating effective electrocatalysts.

关键词： defect spinel oxides electrochemical reduction reactions electrocatalytic mechanism dynamic evolution

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Integrating Zeolite and Layered Double Hydroxide for Highly Selective Catalytic Production ofγ-Valerolactone

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 652-662页

作者： Mingkun Gao Guoju Yang Guangyuan He Risheng Bai Jialiang Li Yinghao Liu Qiang Zhang Guangrui Chen Donghai Mei Jihong Yu State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryInternational Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012 School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387

The production ofγ-valerolactone(GVL)from biomass derivatives levulinic acid(LA)based on acidbase metallic catalysts offers a sustainable pathway to the synthesis of valuable chemicals and ***,the development of efficient metallic catalysts with tunable Lewis acid–base and Brønsted acid sites remains a ***,for the first time,we integrated zeolite and layered double hydroxide(LDH),in a core–shell structure,wherein zeolite and CoFe-LDH provided the Brønsted acidic sites and Lewis acid sites,***,oxygen vacancies(OV_(x))acting as Lewis bases were generated on the surface of LDH via Ga *** efficient cascade catalytic reaction from LA to GVL was successfully achieved over the designed Beta@LDH-OVx catalyst,affording a superior conversion of LA(>99.9%)and an impressive selectivity to GVL(89.18%).Importantly,the“memory effect”of LDH endowed the catalyst with excellent regeneration of metal active *** functional theory calculations revealed that the introduced OVx facilitated the adsorption of carbonyl oxygen in LA and boosted the production of GVL through the synergistic effect of acid/base sites in the composite *** work presents a rational design route for the construction of multifunctional catalysts by coupling zeolites and LDHs for highly selective catalytic conversion of biomass.

关键词： zeolite layered double hydroxide oxygen vacancies biomass γ-valerolactone

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The chromosome-scale assembly of the Notopterygium incisum genome provides insight into the structural diversity of coumarins

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3760-3773页

作者： Qien Li Yiqun Dai Xin-Cheng Huang Lanlan Sun Kaixuan Wang Xiao Guo Dingqiao Xu Digao Wan Latai An Zixuan Wang Huanying Tang Qi Qi Huihui Zeng Minjian Qin Jia-Yu Xue Yucheng Zhao Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University Tibetan Medical CollegeQinghai UniversityXining 810016China School of Pharmacy Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030China Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China college of Horticulture Bioinformatics CenterAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for tcm Compatibility Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXi’an 712046China

Coumarins,derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway,represent one of the primary metabolites found in *** alignment of the tetrahydropyran(THP)and tetrahydrofuran(THF)rings with the lactone structure results in the formation of at least four types of complex ***,the mechanisms underlying the structural diversity of coumarin remain poorly ***,we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of Notopterygium incisum,spanning 1.64 Gb,with a contig N50 value of 22.7 Mb and 60,021 annotated protein-coding ***,we identified the key enzymes responsible for shaping the structural diversity of coumarins,including two p-coumaroyl CoA 2′-hydroxylases crucial for simple coumarins basic skeleton architecture,two UbiA prenyltransferases responsible for angular or linear coumarins biosynthesis,and five CYP736 cyclases involved in THP and THF ring ***,two bifunctional enzymes capable of catalyzing both demethylsuberosin and osthenol were identified for the first *** analysis implies that tandem and ectopic duplications of the CYP736 subfamily,specifically arising in the Apiaceae,contributed to the structural diversity of coumarins in ***,this study proposes a parallel evolution scenario for the complex coumarin biosynthetic pathway among different angiosperms and provides essential synthetic biology elements for the heterologous industrial production of coumarins.

关键词： Notopterygium incisum Parallel evolution Biosynthesis Pyranocoumarins Furanocoumarins

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An allelic variation in the promoter of the LRR-RLK gene,qSS6.1,is associated with melon seed size

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3522-3536页

作者： Xiaoxue Liang Jiyu Wang Lei Cao Xuanyu Du Junhao Qiang Wenlong Li Panqiao Wang Juan Hou Xiang Li Wenwen Mao Huayu Zhu Luming Yang Qiong Li Jianbin Hu college of Horticulture Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Henan Engineering Research Center for Cucurbit Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Zhengzhou 450002China international Joint Laboratory of Henan Horticultural Crop Biology Zhengzhou 450002China

Seed size is an important agronomic trait in melons that directly affects seed germination and subsequent seedling ***,the genetic mechanism underlying seed size in melon remains *** the present study,we employed Bulked-Segregant Analysis sequencing(BSA-seq)to identify a candidate region(~1.35 Mb)on chromosome 6 that corresponds to seed *** interval was confirmed by QTL mapping of three seed size-related traits from an F2 population across three *** mapping region represented nine QTLs that shared an overlapping region on chromosome 6,collectively referred to as *** InDel markers were developed in the qSS6.1 region,narrowing it down to a 68.35 kb interval that contains eight annotated *** variation analysis of the eight genes identified a SNP with a C to T transition mutation in the promoter region of MELO3C014002,a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase(LRR-RLK)*** mutation affected the promoter activity of the MELO3C014002 gene and was successfully used to differentiate the large-seeded accessions(C-allele)from the small-seeded accessions(T-allele).qRT-PCR revealed differential expression of MELO3C014002 between the two parental *** predicted protein has typical LRR-RLK family domains,and phylogenetic analyses reveled its similarity with the homologs in several plant ***,these findings suggest MELO3C014002 as the most likely candidate gene involved in melon seed size *** results will be helpful for better understanding the genetic mechanism regulating seed size in melons and for genetically improving this important trait through molecular breeding pathways.

关键词： melon QTL mapping seed size candidate gene allelic variation

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A Case Report on Treating Progressive Supranuclear Palsy with a Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第5期8卷 23-29页

作者： Kai Wu Yongjie Gong Shan Yang Yalan Yu First Clinical college Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi’an tcm Hospital of Encephalopathy Xi’an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

A case of progressive supranuclear palsy in a 66-year-old woman is *** patient complained of“progressive stiffness of both lower limbs for five years,accompanied by choking and coughing for more than 1 year,”and was diagnosed with paralysis in traditional Chinese medicine(tcm),which was characterized by a deficiency of liver and kidney,and phlegm and blood stasis blocking the *** medicine diagnosed it as progressive supranuclear *** patient was diagnosed with“Parkinson’s disease”several times in the past and was given“polybasic hydrazide”and“amantadine hydrochloride tablets,”*** patient did not have significant symptomatic relief,so she sought further treatment with a combination of traditional Chinese and Western *** on the concept of deficiency and excess,this disease is categorized as a paralytic disease in Chinese medicine,and the onset of the disease is closely related to the deficiency of the body after a long period of illness,with wind,phlegm,blood stasis,and deficiency as the main pathogenetic *** treatment is based on the combination of disease and evidence,with traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture as the main treatments,supplemented by intermediate-frequency pulsed electrical stimulation,transcranial repetitive magnetic stimulation,medicated canisters,wax therapy,traditional Chinese medicine guasha,and acupoint *** medicine is based on symptomatic treatment,and the patient’s symptoms were relieved significantly after the combination of Chinese and Western medicine.

关键词： Progressive supranuclear palsy Paralytic disease Diagnosis and treatment Deficiency and excess Combination of Chinese and Western medicine

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Research on the Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Green Spaces in the Central Urban Area of Zunyi City

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2024年第4期8卷 8-16页

作者： Juan Du international college of Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650500Yunnan ProvinceChina

Green space,as a medium for carrying out urban functions and guiding urban development,is becoming a scarce resource along with the urbanization process and the intensification of environmental *** the face of the spatial mismatch between high demand and low supply,it is of great significance to clarify the evolution mechanism of green space to undertake national spatial planning,protect the natural strategic resources in the urban fringe area,and promote the sustainable development of the“three living spaces.”The study focuses on the Zunyi City Center,selecting the 20 years of rapid development following its establishment as a city as the study *** explores the dynamic evolution of green space and the main driving forces during different periods using remote-sensing image *** study shows that from 2003 to 2023,the total scale of green space has an obvious decreasing trend along with the expansion of the urban built-up area.A large amount of arable land is being converted to construction land,resulting in a sudden decrease in arable land *** the past 10 years,the comprehensive land use dynamics have ***,the spatial difference has gradually narrowed,indicating that the overall development intensity of Zunyi City’s central urban area has *** is a gradual spread of the trend to the hilly *** limiting effect of the mountainous natural environment on the city’s development has gradually diminished under the superposition of external factors,such as economic development,industrial technological upgrading,and policy orientation so the importance of the effective protection and rational utilization of urban green space has become more prominent.

关键词： Green space Spatio-temporal evolution Driving force Zunyi city center

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Analysis of Strength Training in the Training of Shot-Putters

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第6期8卷 89-95页

作者： Heng Wang international college Krirk UniversityKrung Thep Maha Nakhon 10220Thailand

The shot put is a sport that requires very high explosive power and precise *** training occupies the core position in the training of shot-putters,which can not only improve the throwing distance of athletes but also enhance their competitive state and prevent sports *** purpose of this paper is to analyze the principles,classification,methods,and specific exercises of strength training in the training of shot-putters,in order to provide scientific training guidance for shot-putters.

关键词： Shot-put movement Strength training Explosive power Maximum power Functional training

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Microscopic Analysis of Cementitious Sand and Gravel Damming Materia

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第4期20卷 749-769页

作者： Ran Wang Aimin Gong Shanqing Shao Baoli Qu Jing Xu Fulai Wang Feipeng Liu college of Water Conservancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China Tianqi Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.Kunming650000China Institute of international Rivers and Ecological Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China

The mechanical properties of cementitious sand and gravel damming material have been experimentally determined by means of microscopic SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy)image *** results show that the combination of fly ash and water can fill the voids in cemented sand and gravel test blocks because of the presence of hydrated calcium silicate and other substances;thereby,the compactness and mechanical properties of these materials can be greatly *** every 10 kg/m^(3) increase in the amount of cementitious material,the density increases by about 2%,and the water content decreases by 0.2%.The amount of cementitious material used in the sand and gravel in these tests was 80-110 kg/m^(3),the water-binder ratio was ***,the splitting tensile strength was 1/10 of the compressive strength,and the maximum strength was 7.42 MPa at 90 *** optimal mix ratio has been found to be 50 kg of cement,60 kg of fly ash and 120 kg of water(C50F60W120).The related dry density was 2.6 g/cm^(3),the water content was 6%,and the water-binder ratio was 1.09.

关键词： Cementitious sand gravel material scanning electron microscopy optimal mix ratio maximum strength

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