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Experimental study on boundary lubricity of superficial area of articular cartilage and synovial fluid

Friction 2024年第5期12卷 981-996页

作者： Wenxiao LI Takehiro MORITA Yoshinori SAWAE Departure of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan international institute for Carton-Neutral Energy Research Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan Advanced Research Center for Biomechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan

The boundary lubrication mechanism at the articulating surface of natural synovial joints has been the subject of much discussion in *** this study,to elucidate the lubricating function of the superficial area of articular cartilage and synovial fluid(SF),cartilage specimens were processed with four different treatments:gentle and severe washing with detergent,incubation in NaCl solution,and trypsin digestion to selectively remove certain constituents from the cartilage ***,the frictional characteristics were examined in phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)and SF against *** reciprocating sliding tests with a spherical glass probe and square articular cartilage specimens were performed at low contact loads in the mN range to extract the frictional behavior in the superficial area of the cartilage ***,the cartilage surface was observed to confirm the effects of treatments on the morphology of the cartilage surface using a fluorescence microscope and water-immersion *** coefficient of friction(COF)of the prepared cartilage specimens was varied from 0.05 to over 0.3 in ***,a certain group of cartilage specimens exhibited a low COF of less than 0.1 with limited *** the low COF group of specimens,all four treatments increased the COF in PBS to different extents,and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the integrity of the cartilage surface was deteriorated by *** means that the intact cartilage surface had lubricating constituents to maintain low friction,and the removal of such constituents resulted in the loss of the intrinsic boundary lubricity of the cartilage *** variation in the COF of the cartilage specimens was suppressed in SF because it had a clear boundary lubrication effect on the cartilage *** lubricating effect of SF could be confirmed even after degenerative treatment.

关键词： articular cartilage synovial fluid the uppermost superficial layer boundary lubrication

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Genome-Wide Identification of ABCC Gene Subfamily Members and Functional Analysis of CsABCC11 in Camellia sinensis

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Phyton-international Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 2019-2036页

作者： Mingyuan Luo Shiyu Tian Xinzhuan Yao Yue Wan Zhouzhuoer Chen Zifan Yang Huagen Hao Fei Liu Hu Tang Litang Lu The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education) College of Life ScienceGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China College of Tea Science Institute of Plant Health&MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Wengfu Group Guiyang550025China Huaneng clean Energy Research institute Guiyang550000China

The ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporter is a gene superfamily in ***-binding cassette subfamily C(ABCC)protein is a multidrug resistance-associated(MRP)*** play various roles in plant growth,development,and secondary metabolite ***,there are few studies on ABCC transporters in tea *** this study,genome-wide association study(GWAS)analysis of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)content in 108 strains of Kingbird revealed that CsABCCs may be involved in EGCG *** identified 25 CsABCC genes at the genomic level of the tea plant,their phylogenetic tree,gene structure,targeted miRNA and other bioinformatics were *** expression patterns of CsABCCs in eight different tissues and abiotic stress indicate that they have potential roles in regulating the growth,development,and defense of tea *** correlation analysis revealed that the expression of the CsABCC11 gene was closely related to the EGCG content in tea buds of 108 strains of the Kingbird,and the subcellular localization experiments in tobacco showed that CsABCC11 protein was localized on the plasma *** virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)strategy in tea plants further verified that CsABCC11 was involved in EGCG *** study laid a foundation for studying the biological function of CsABCC and provided a new candidate molecular marker gene for further EGCG-related variety breeding,which will be of great interest to breeders.

关键词： Camellia sinensis ABCC gene subfamily EGCG VIGS guizhou local variety Kingbird

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Persistent Variations in the East Asian Trough from March to April and the Possible Mechanism

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 737-753,I0002-I0004页

作者： Shui YU Jianqi SUN Nansen-Zhu international Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The East Asian trough(EAT)profoundly influences the East Asian spring *** this study,the relationship of the EATs among the three spring months is *** analysis shows that the variation in March EAT is closely related to that of April *** empirical orthogonal function(EEOF)analysis also confirms the co-variation of the March and April *** positive/negative EEOF1 features the persistent strengthened/weakened EAT from March to *** investigation indicates that the variations in EEOF1 are related to a dipole sea surface temperature(SST)pattern over the North Atlantic and the SST anomaly over the tropical Indian *** dipole SST pattern over the North Atlantic,with one center east of Newfoundland Island and another east of Bermuda,could trigger a Rossby wave train to influence the EAT in March−*** SST anomaly over the tropical Indian Ocean can change the Walker circulation and influence the atmospheric circulation over the tropical western Pacific,subsequently impacting the southern part of the EAT in March−*** the SST factors,the Northeast Asian snow cover could change the regional thermal conditions and lead to persistent EAT anomalies from March to *** three impact factors are generally independent of each other,jointly explaining large variations in the EAT ***,the signals of the three factors could be traced back to February,consequently providing a potential prediction source for the EAT variation in March and April.

关键词： spring East Asian trough sea surface temperature snow cover

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Design of advanced porous silver powder with high-sintering activity to improve silicon solar cells

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3189-3197页

作者： Yongsheng Li Ziwei Chen Rui Zhou Wenguang Zhao Mu Li Jun Chen Zhongyuan Huang Jian Liu Yuhang Li Maolin Yang Minghan Yu Dong Zhou Yuan Lin Feng Pan School of Advanced Materials Peking UniversityShenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China institute of Materials Research(IMR) Tsinghua UniversityTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China

Silver(Ag)paste is widely used in semiconductor metallization,especially in silicon solar *** powder is the material with the highest proportion in Ag *** morphology and structure of Ag powder are crucial which determine its characteristics,especially for the sintering *** this work,a simple method was developed to synthesize a type of microcrystalline spherical Ag particles(SP-A)with internal pores and the structural changes and sintering behavior were thoroughly studied by combining ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering(USAXS),small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),in-situ heating X-ray diffraction(XRD),focused ion beam(FIB),and thermal analysis *** to the unique internal pores,the grain size of SP-A is smaller,and the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)is higher than that of traditional solid Ag *** a result,the sintering activity of SP-A is excellent,which can form a denser sintered body and form silver nanoparticles at the Ag–Si interface to improve silver silicon *** silicon solar cell built with SP-A obtained a low series resistance(Rs)and a high photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.26%.These fill a gap in Ag particle structure research,which is significant for the development of high-performance electronic Ag particles and efficient semiconductor devices.

关键词： silver particles small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS) pore size distribution in-situ heating X-ray diffraction(XRD) sintering silicon solar cells

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Optimizing 2D-metal contact in layered Tin-selenide via native oxide modulation

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3014-3020页

作者： Yue Zheng Qi You Zhentian Yin Jian Tang Ke Jiang Zihao Xie Henan Li Cheng Han Yumeng Shi international Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The discovery of two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor has opened up new avenues for the development of short-channel field-effect transistors(FETs)with desired electrical *** them,orthorhombic tin-selenide(SnSe)has garnered increasing attention due to its potential applications in a variety of electronic,optoelectronic,and thermoelectric ***,the realization of high-performance SnSe FETs with low contact resistance(Rc)remains a ***,we systematically investigate the contact of few-layer SnSe FETs through the modulation of native oxide on SnSe by using different *** is found that chromium(Cr)-contacted devices possess the best FET performance,such as electron mobility up to 606 cm^(2)/(V·s)at 78 K,current on/off ratio exceeding 1010,and saturation current of~550μA/μm,where a negligible Schottky barrier(SB)of~30 meV and a low contact resistance of~425Ωμm are achieved.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and cross-sectional electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)results further reveal that the improved contact arises from the Cr-induced reduction of native oxide(SnOx)to Sn,which thins the tunneling barrier for efficient electron *** findings provide a deep insight into the 2D-metal contact of SnSe and pave the way for its applications in future nanoelectronics.

关键词： few-layer SnSe field-effect transistors(FETs) Cr contact native oxide contact resistance(Rc) Schottky barrier(SB)

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Beyond Green

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Beijing Review 2024年第36期67卷 22-23页

作者： Juan Enrique Serrano-Moreno institute of international Studies University of Chile

What role will Chinese trade and investment play in Latin America's climate and sustainability efforts,particularly in Chile?To address this question,let's explore an unconventional comparison through two recent science fiction films-one from China and one from the U.S.-which offer distinct visions of humanity's future relationship with nature.

关键词： investment Latin humanity

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EU Policy Shifts and the Trajectory of China-EU Relations Amidst the Two Conflicts

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Contemporary World 2024年第4期 25-29页

作者： Zhang Jian China institute of Contemporary international Relations

The Ukraine crisis and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict(referred to as the Two Conflicts hereinafter)have profoundly changed the geopolitical and economic landscape of the *** and external challenges are becoming increasingly severe:the economy is stagnating;social disparity,political polarization and fragmentation are worsening;the security environment is *** various pressures,the EU has actively revised its internal and external policies,leading to increased downsides for China-EU ***,China-EU relations still have robust internal dynamics and bright prospects for development.

关键词： landscape revised environ

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A functional gel polymer electrolyte based on PVDF-HFP/gelatin toward dendrite-free lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2790-2799页

作者： Xiaoyi Hu Kangli Liu Shijie Zhang Guosheng Shao S.Ravi P.Silva Peng Zhang State Center for international Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Zhengzhou Materials Genome institute(ZMGI) ZhongyuanzhiguXingyang 450100China Nanoelectronics Center Advanced Technology InstituteUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

The leakage of liquid electrolyte and the formation of lithium dendrites pose challenges to safety and stability of lithium metal batteries(LMBs).The appearance of gel polymer electrolyte(GPE)has obviously improved the safety of traditional ***,the limited inhibition of GPE on lithium dendrites is detrimental to the safety of ***,a kind of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)/gelatin(GN)GPE with high ionic conductivity,high-temperature resistance,and flame-retardancy,was prepared by electrospinning and soaking *** the electrospinning network of PVDF-HFP,its affinity to liquid electrolytes,makes this GPE more beneficial to ions transport and the formation of ***,the GN with sol–gel properties,enhances the mechanical property(13.5 MPa)of HFP-GN ***,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)suggest that the attraction of polar groups of GN to Li+can regulate the distribution of Li+and protect Li ***,the application of HFP-GN GPEs to LMBs with cathodes of LiFePO_(4) and LiCoO_(2) deliver excellent electrochemical performances:after 300 cycles,the LiFePO_(4)/HFP-GN GPE/Li battery keeps a low capacity decay rate of 0.09%at 5 C;after 400 cycles at 2 C,the LiCoO_(2)/HFP-GN GPE/Li cell retains a high capacity retention of 74%.This GPE is demonstrated for the application prospect of safe LMBs.

关键词： poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP) gelatin polar groups lithium metal battery lithium dendrite

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Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2024年第1期22卷 98-108页

作者： Yiming Hu Yunfeng Liang School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Center for international Economic Exchanges Beijing 100050China

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt ***,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making *** study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to *** results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned *** variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative ***,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market *** findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

关键词： Carbon disclosure Debt financing cost State-owned enterprise Private enterprise

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Two-dimensional and absolutely entanglement-breaking subspaces

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 21-26页

作者： Jian Yan Lin Chen LMIB(Beihang University) Ministry of Educationand School of Mathematical SciencesBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China international Research institute for Multidisciplinary Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Entanglement-breaking(EB)subspaces determine the additivity of entanglement of formation(EOF),which is a long-standing issue in quantum *** explicitly construct the twodimensional EB subspaces of any bipartite system,when system dimensions are equal,and we apply the subspaces to construct EB spaces of arbitrary *** also present partial construction when system dimensions are ***,we present the notion and properties of EB subspaces for some systems,and in particular the absolute EB *** construct some examples of absolute EB subspaces,as well as EB subspaces for some systems by using multiqubit Dicke states.

关键词： entanglement-breaking subspaces entanglement of formation absolutely EB subspaces entanglement cost additivity

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