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The inhomogeneous diffusion of chemically crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogel based on poroviscosity theory

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1375-1384页

作者： ZHENG ShouJing LI ZiQian LIU ZiShun international Center for Applied Mechanics State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi’an Jiaotong University

The diffusion of hydrogels is a phenomenon not only profound in novel applications of mechanical engineering but also very common in nature. Comprehensive studies of the swelling properties under stable states have been carried out in the past several years;however, ambiguities in the understanding of the kinetic behaviour of the diffusion phenomenon of hydrogels still *** potential applications of hydrogels are confined due to the lack of perceptiveness of the kinetic behaviour of diffusion in hydrogels. Based on our previous work, in this study, we initiate the theoretical kinetic study of the inhomogeneous diffusion of hydrogels. With poroviscosity introduced, we develop a theory for the inhomogeneous diffusion of hydrogels. After implementing this theory into the finite element solution, we could predict the water content in the hydrogel as a function of time and location. The quantitative prediction of the inhomogeneous diffusion and the formulas are given in the numerical ***, the corresponding experiments are carried out to substantiate this theory. It can be observed that the theoretical prediction meets fairly well with our experimental data. Finally, we carry out a systematic parameter study to discuss the effect of three important parameters on the diffusion property. The increase of the interaction parameter is seen to constrain the diffusion while increase of the chemical potential is seen to facilitate the process. The change of the diffusion coefficient D, on the other hand, does not affect the process much. By comparing the conclusions above with the experimental data, we can narrow down the range of the values of χ and D.

关键词： inhomogeneous diffusion hydrogel poroviscosity kinetic behaviour

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Thermal damage and ablation behavior of plasma sprayed Ba2SmTaO6 coatings irradiated by high power continuous laser

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials international 2021年第4期31卷 609-617页

作者： Jiayi Zheng Zhuang Ma Yanbo Liu Lihong Gao Alexandr A.Rogachev School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Francisk Skorina Gomel State University National Key laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and impact

BaSmTaOlaser protection coatings of ≈200 μm thickness were deposited onto stainless steel surfaces by air plasma spraying, and the laser irradiation resistance of the coatings was investigated. For laser irradiation with a laser power density less than 1000 W/cm~2, the coatings kept intact. For a laser power density exceeding 1500 W/cm~2, the BaSmTaOcoatings underwent recrystallization, grain growth occurred, and certain spray morphology features disappeared by melting. In the case of a laser power density of 2000 W/cm~2 applied for 10 s, the incident laser parameter was beyond the coatings protection threshold, and the coating peeled off. The samples back surface temperature kept unchanged within the first 1s of laser irradiation, indicating that BaSmTaOcoatings have excellent laser protection capability and can limit the rise of the substrate temperature. However, the low thermal conductivity of BaSmTaOleads to a detrimental laser energy concentration at the beginning of the laser irradiation period on the sample front surface, resulting in a rapid increase of the surface temperature up to the melting point.

关键词： Irradiation behavior Continuous laser Plasma spray Thermal barrier coating

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Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie Shi Changle Hou Jingjing Dong Dong Chen Jianzhong Li Key laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and Z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate exceeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of NH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and NH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leaching efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mechanism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

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First-Principles Calculations of the Quantum Size Effects on the Stability and Reactivity of Ultrathin Ru (0001) Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第6期32卷 131-135页

作者：武明义贾瑜孙强 international laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan and School of Physics and EngineeringZhengzhou University

We carry out first-principles calculations of Ru（0001） films up to 30 monolayers （MLs） to study the quantum size effect （Q, SE） of Ru films for two cases： the freestanding Ru films and Ru films on Pt（111） substrates. Our studies show that the properties of these films （surface energy, work-function, charge density decay length in a vacuum and chemical reactivity） exhibit pronounced oscillatory behavior as a function of the film thickness, with an oscillation period of about four MLs for both cases due to the relationship of the match between the Fermi wave vector and the film thickness. Due to the localization of d-electron of Ru films, these quantum oscillations almost disappear when the thickness of the film is more than -20 ML for the free standing Ru films, while for the Ru films on Pt substrates the oscillations disappear quickly when the thickness of the film is beyond -13 ML. Our results reveal that the stability and reactivity of the Ru films could be tailored through Q, SE and the Ru bilayer grown on Pt substrates observed in the experiment is also related to the effect.

关键词： First-Principles Calculations of the Quantum Size Effects on the Stability and Reactivity of Ultrathin Ru Pt Films

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MXene-Based Quantum Dots Optimize Hydrogen Production via Spontaneous Evolution of Cl-to O-Terminated Surface Groups

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 251-258页

作者： Yuhua Liu Xiaoyu Zhang Wei Zhang Xin Ge Yan Wang Xu Zou Xinyan Zhou Weitao Zheng Key laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE and School of Materials Science&Engineeringand Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materialsand Electron Microscopy Centerand International Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

MXene quantum dots(MQDs)offer wide applications owing to the abundant surface chemistry,tunable energy-level structure,and unique ***,the application of MQDs in electrochemical energy conversion,including hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),remains to be realized,as it remains a challenge to precisely control the types of surface groups and tune the structure of energy levels in MQDs,owing to the high surface energy-induced strong agglomeration in ***,the determination of the exact catalytically active sites and processes involved in such an electrocatalysis is challenging because of the complexity of the synthetic process and reaction ***,we demonstrated the spontaneous evolution of the surface groups of the Ti_(2)CT_(x)MQDs(x:the content of O atom),i.e.,replacement of the-Cl functional groups by O-terminated ones during the cathode *** process resulted in a low Gibbs free energy(0.26 eV)in *** steady Ti_(2)CO_(x)/Cu_(2)O/Cu foam systems exhibited a low overpotential of 175 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M ***,and excellent operational stability over 165 h at a constant current density of-10 mA cm^(-2).

关键词： HF free hydrogen evolution MXene quantum dots surface group

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Comparative study of mechanical-electrical-thermal responses of pouch, cylindrical, and prismatic lithium-ion cells under mechanical abuse

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第10期61卷 1472-1482页

作者： LI Wei XIA Yong CHEN GuanHua SAHRAEI Elham State Key laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Department of Automotive Engineering Tsinghua University impact and Crashworthiness Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology Electric Vehicle Safety Lab The George Mason University

In the study, mechanical abuse tests mainly in the form of indentation were performed on the cylindrical cell, pouch cell, and prismatic cell. The mechanical force-displacement response, open circuit voltage(OCV), and temperature distribution were recorded and compared. In spherical head indentation tests of the pouch and prismatic cell and lateral indentation of the cylindrical cell, the peak force is strongly correlated with OCV drop and local temperature increase. However, in flat-end cylinder indentation tests, the internal mechanical damage is progressively developed, and the OCV drop and the temperature increase occur before the peak force. The fracture surfaces of the post-mortem samples were examined to investigate the correlation between fracture patterns and internal short circuit(ISC) behaviors(OCVand temperature distribution). Two distinct fracture patterns were observed that the in-plane fracture induced by biaxial stretching and inter-layers' fracture induced by shearing. A strong correlation is observed between the number of shear fractures and OCV drop. An increase in the number of inter-layers' fractures increases the rate of OCV drop. Additionally, the fracture patterns influence the ISC area and location,thereby affecting the heat generation and conduction as well as the temperature distribution.

关键词： mechanical abuse fracture pattern mechanical-electrical-thermal response lithium-ion battery

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Superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant siloxane-modified MgAl-LDHs coatings on magnesium alloy prepared under mild conditions

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 450-463页

作者： Wenxi Zhang Zhangzelong Zhuo Dan Xu Liang Wu Zhihui Xie Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China College of Materials Science and Engineering/National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

We have developed a superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant LDH-W/PFDTMS composite coating on the surface of Mg *** composite comprised a tungstate-intercalated(LDH-W)underlayer that was grown at low temperature(relative to hydrothermal reaction conditions)under atmospheric pressure and an outer polysiloxane layer created from a solution containing perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane(PFDTMS)using a simple immersion *** successful intercalation of tungstate into the LDH phase and the following formation of the polysiloxane layer were confirmed through X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The corrosion resistance of the LDH-W film,both before and after the PFDTMS modification,was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),Tafel curves,and immersion *** results showed that Mg coated with LDH-W/PFDTMS exhibited significantly enhanced corrosion protection compared to the unmodified LDHW film,with no apparent signs of corrosion after exposure to 3.5wt%NaCl solution for 15 ***,the LDH-W/PFDTMS coating demonstrated superior superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties against water and several common beverages,as confirmed by static contact angle and water-repellency *** results offer valuable insights into preparing superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant LDH-based composite coatings on Mg alloy surfaces under relatively mild reaction conditions.

关键词： Mg alloy corrosion coating layered double hydroxide

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Inverted-design for highly-active hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst of MoS_(2)@Ni_(3)S_(2)core-shell via unlocking the potential of Mo

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Particuology 2023年第6期77卷 56-61页

作者： Chao Song Yuhua Liu Chengxiang Huang Miao Liu Nailin Yue Zunhao Zhang Zizhun Wang Xu Zou Wei Zhang Weitao Zheng Key laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE School of Materials Science&EngineeringJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy MaterialsElectron Microscopy CenterInternational Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Through inverted-design rather than modifying the generally-assumed S active sites in popular MoS_(2),we unlock the potential of Mo sites and successfully prepared novel MoS_(2)@Ni_(3)S_(2)/NF core-shell nanospheres as a catalyst for the high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).TheΔGH at the Mo site is optimized via Ni_(3)S_(2)to achieve excellent HER *** low current densities,it has similar activity to the Pt/***,its performance is better than Pt/C at high ***,our catalyst shows a considerable stability at a variety of current densities for 50 h,promising to substitute noble metal catalysts in application of commercial alkaline electrocatalysts.

关键词： Inverted design Hydrogen evolution reaction Electrocatalyst Electronicinteraction MoS_(2)@Ni_(3)S_(2)/NF

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Polar climate system modeling in China: Recent progress and future challenges

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第7期62卷 1076-1091页

作者： Zhaomin WANG Dake CHEN College of Oceanography Hohai University international Polar Environment Research laboratory Hohai University State Key laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of Oceanography

The first fully coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model developed in China was released in the mid-1990s. Since then, significant advances in climate system model developments have been achieved by improving the representations of major physical processes, increasing resolutions, and including an ice-shelf component. There have also been many modeling studies in China on the polar climate system, including weather and sea-ice numerical forecasts to meet the national needs of polar scientific expeditions, assessments of the state-of-the-art coupled model performance, and process-oriented studies. Future model developments and modeling activities will need to address several big scientific questions originating from the polar climate system: i) How will polar ice mass balance evolve and affect global sea level? ii) How can we properly simulate openocean deep convection and quantify its role in driving the lower branch of the global overturning circulation? iii) How are Arctic and Antarctic connected and what caused the contrasting sea ice trends in the two polar regions over the last decades? To address these questions, polar climate system modelers will need to analyze extended observational datasets on a global scale and work together with other polar researchers to develop a more comprehensive and sustainable observation system in the polar regions.

关键词： Polar climate system Modeling Progress Challenges

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An investigation on anti-impact and penetration performance of basalt fiber composites with different weave and lay-up modes

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第4期16卷 787-801页

作者： Hai-dong Fu Xin-ya Feng Jin-xu Liu Zhi-ming Yang Chuan He Shu-kui Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyChina China National Key laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and impact Beijing Institute of TechnologyChina State Key laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyChina

The woven basalt fiber composites(WBFC) and the unidirectional [0°/90°/45°/-45°]s basalt fiber composites(UBFC) were prepared by ***-point bending test,low velocity impact test,and ballistic test were performed to the prepared *** the tests,the specimens were recovered and analyzed for ***-point bending tests show that both the bending strength and stiffness of the WBFC surpass those of the *** velocity impact test results show that the low velocity impact resistance to hemispherical impactor of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC,but the low velocity impact resistance to sharp impactor of the UBFC is lower than that of the *** the ballistic test,it can be found that the ballistic property of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC. After the tests,microscopic analysis of the specimens was applied,and their failure mechanism was *** main failure modes of the UBFC are delamination and fibers breakage under the above loading conditions while the main failure mode of the WBFC is fibers *** delamination damage can be found in the WBFC under the above loading conditions,the degree of delamination is far less than that of the UBFC.

关键词： The woven basalt fiber composites The[0°/90°/45°/-45°]_s basalt fiber composites Low velocity impact Ballistic test Delamination

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