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Looking Back and Into the Future of the Belt and Road initiative Tax Administration Capacity Enhancement Group

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Belt and Road initiative Tax Journal 2022年第1期3卷 3-8页

作者：无 The Belt and Road initiative Tax Administration Capacity Enhancement Group

As an important platform to implement the initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping of the People’s Republic of China of building a community with a shared future for mankind,the Belt and Road initiative(BRI)is increasingly becoming“a belt of prosperity”and“a path towards happiness”that benefits the world and its people and injects confidence of development into the international community.

关键词： Road becoming Belt

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests in community pharmacies in Rwanda:availability,knowledge of community pharmacists,advantages,and disadvantages of licensing their use

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Global health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 135-146页

作者： Amon Nsengimana Joyce Isimbi Theogene Uwizeyimana Emmanuel Biracyaza Jean Claude Hategekimana Charles Uwambajimana Olivia Gwira Vedaste Kagisha Domina Asingizwe Ahmed Adedeji Jean Baptiste Nyandwi USAID Global health Supply Chain Program-Procurement and Supply Management KigaliRwanda Department of Pharmacy School of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda University of Global health Equity KigaliRwanda School of Rehabilitation Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQCCanada Department of Physiotherapy School of Health SciencesUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda East African community Regional Center of Excellence for Vaccines Immunization and Health Supply Chain ManagementKigaliRwanda

Background Presumptive treatment of malaria is often practiced in community pharmacies across sub-Saharan Africa(SSA).To address this issue,the World health organization(WHO)recommends that malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests(m-RDTs)be used in these settings,as they are used in the public ***,their use remains unlicensed in the community pharmacies in *** can lessen their availability and foster presumptive ***,this study investigated the availability of m-RDTs,knowledge of community pharmacists on the use of m-RDTs,and explored Pharmacists’perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of licensing the use of m-RDTs in community *** This was a cross-sectional study among 200 licensed community pharmacists who were purposefully sampled nationwide from 11th February to 12th April *** was collected using an online data collection instrument composed of open-ended and closed-ended *** analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS)version *** chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between the availability of m-RDTs and independent variables of *** analysis was used for qualitative *** Although 59%were consulted by clients requesting to purchase m-RDTs,only 27%of the participants had m-RDTs in stock,66.5%had no training on the use of m-RDTs,and 18.5%were not at all familiar with using the *** of the participants(91.5%)agreed that licensing the use of m-RDTs in community pharmacies could promote the rational use of *** chi-square test indicated that being requested to sell m-RDTs(x^(2)=6.95,p=0.008),being requested to perform m-RDTs(x^(2)=5.39,p=0.02),familiarity using m-RDTs(x^(2)=17.24,p=0.002),availability of a nurse in the Pharmacy(x^(2)=11.68,p<0.001),and location of the pharmacy(x^(2)=9.13,p=0.048)were all significantly associated with the availability of m-RDTs in the *** The avail

关键词： Availability Knowledge Malaria rapid diagnostic test community pharmacists

Prescription trends in children with pervasive developmental disorders:a claims data-based study in Japan

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第4期12卷 443-449页

作者： Michihiro Satoh Taku Obara Hidekazu Nishigori Nobuhiro Ooba Yoshihiko Morikawa Mami Ishikuro Hirohito Metoki Masahiro Kikuya Nariyasu Mano Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University HospitalSendaiJapan Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Tohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku University2-1 Seiryo-choAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi 980-8575Japan Division of Molecular Epidemiology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan School of Pharmacy Nihon UniversityChibaJapan Clinical Research Support Center Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical CenterTokyoJapan Department of community Medical Supports Tohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

Background:The only drug approved for pervasive developmental disorders(PDD)in Japan is *** psychotropic drugs are also prescribed for offlabel use in Japan,but details regarding their prescription and use are largely *** purpose of this study was to clarify the use of drug treatment in Japanese children with ***:Data were extracted from claims data from the Japan Medical Data Center for children younger than 18 years of age who were newly diagnosed with PDD(International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes:F84)from 2005 to 2010(total of 3276 patients as of 2010).The prescription rates were presented as the percentage of PDD patients who were prescribed each ***:Prior to 2010,the prescription rates for atypical antipsychotics,other antipsychotics,psychostimulants,all other central nervous system drugs,anticovnvulsants,non-barbiturates,and Parkinson’s disease/syndrome drugs significantly increased among the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classifications defined as the“nervous system”(trend P≤0.02).The prescription rate for risperidone consistently increased,reaching 6.9%in 2010(trend P<0.0001),the highest rate of the surveyed drugs among the *** prescription rate for aripiprazole also increased(trend P<0.0001),reaching 1.9%in *** prescription rate for pimozide showed no annual changes,with a low rate of 0.4%in ***:Compared with pimozide,the prescription rates for risperidone,aripiprazole and other psychotropic drugs have *** safety data for these drugs in Japanese children are sparse,there is a need for future safety evaluations of these drugs in Japanese children.

关键词： autism children pervasive developmental disorders prescription

Machine-learning-assisted discovery of polymers with high thermal conductivity using a molecular design algorithm

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 569-579页

作者： Stephen Wu Yukiko Kondo Masa-aki Kakimoto Bin Yang Hironao Yamada Isao Kuwajima Guillaume Lambard Kenta Hongo Yibin Xu Junichiro Shiomi Christoph Schick Junko Morikawa Ryo Yoshida The Institute of Statistical Mathematics Research Organization of Information and SystemsTachikawaTokyo 190-8562Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies TachikawaTokyo 190-8562Japan Center for Materials research by Information Integration(CMI2) Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System(MaDIS)National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)TsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan Institute of Physics and Competence Centre CALOR University of Rostock18059 RostockGermany Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology NomiIshikawa 923-1292Japan PRESTO JSTKawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Tokyo Tech World Research Hub initiative(WRHI) Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 226-8503Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan

The use of machine learning in computational molecular design has great potential to accelerate the discovery of innovative ***,its practical benefits still remain unproven in real-world applications,particularly in polymer *** demonstrate the successful discovery of new polymers with high thermal conductivity,inspired by machine-learning-assisted polymer *** discovery was made by the interplay between machine intelligence trained on a substantially limited amount of polymeric properties data,expertise from laboratory synthesis and advanced technologies for thermophysical property *** a molecular design algorithm trained to recognize quantitative structure—property relationships with respect to thermal conductivity and other targeted polymeric properties,we identified thousands of promising hypothetical *** these candidates,three were selected for monomer synthesis and polymerization because of their synthetic accessibility and their potential for ease of processing in further *** synthesized polymers reached thermal conductivities of 0.18–0.41 W/mK,which are comparable to those of state-of-the-art polymers in non-composite thermo-plastics.

关键词： conductivity thermal property

Combating echinococcosis in China:strengthening the research and development

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1443-1447页

作者： Men-Bao Qian Bernadette Abela-Ridder Wei-Ping Wu Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025China Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology Ministry of HealthShanghai 200025China National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Shanghai 200025China World health organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases Shanghai 200025China Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health Organization1211 GenevaSwitzerland

Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonotic disease,causing great morbidity and mortality due to the wide distribution of its endemic *** holds a high percentage in the global burden of both cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.A national survey conducted between 2012 and 2016 showed that an estimated 50 million people are at risk of contracting the disease in western China,of whom about 0.17 million are cases with *** this,research and development on echinococcosis in China is greatly inadequate compared to that in other *** this paper,we argue that there is a need for more research and work to be conducted in China on echinococcosis,including researching techniques in regards to diagnosis,treatment,and vaccination,and developing products through technical transformation and piloting strategies to control and even ***,great opportunities exist for China to strengthen the research and development on this disease through initiatives such as health China 2030,the Belt and Road initiative,the China-Africa cooperation,as well as through further cooperation between China and the World health *** of these can bring us closer to controlling echinococcosis in China as well as in other *** element of crucial importance will be the training and development of professionals,which can be strengthened through international cooperation.

关键词： Echinococcosis Research and development health China 2030 Belt and Road initiative

Development of Nursing Protocol for Preventing Interruptions during Clinical Examinations and Treatments in the Early Days of Hospitalization for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Heart Failure in Patients with Impaired Cognitive Function

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health 2018年第6期10卷 773-788页

作者： Haruka Otsu Hiroko Yokotani Natsuko Jukei Yoshiko Sakai Shigehito Narita Tamao Susukida Miho Tsujino Graduate School of health Sciences Hirosaki University Hirosaki City Japan Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama Okayama Japan Local Incorporated Administrative Agency Rinku General Medical Center Izumisano Japan Toyonaka Municipal Hospital Toyonaka Japan Aomori health Corporation Seikyoh Sakura Hospital Aomori Japan Hokkaido Prefectural Esashi Hospital Esashi Japan Japan community health Care organization Chukyo Hospital Nagoya Japan

The purpose of this study is to prepare a nursing protocol for preventing interruptions during clinical examinations and treatments performed in the early days of hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure in patients with impaired cognitive function. For the first stage of the research, we prepared a draft of the nursing protocol based on a basic survey. For the second stage, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 nurses specialized in chronic heart failure and 11 nurses in dementia care to ensure content validity of the draft protocol. For the third stage, we examined the possibility of clinical application of the revised version of the protocol draft prepared in the second stage of the study. For assessment items, significant points of nursing care, and specific nursing care practice in this revised version, 73 subjects (84.9%) considered effective for patients, in terms of prevention of interruptions during clinical examinations and treatments in the early days of hospitalization. All items and contents were considered useful by more than 60% of the nurses. Considering that the nurses working in the clinical setting reported 84.9% of usefulness, we concluded that this nursing protocol remained valid at a certain level. We consider that this nursing protocol will be useful especially for newly graduated/employed nurses as a procedure manual which can reduce their anxiety or stress caused by lack of knowledge or experiences.

关键词： Dementia Cognitive Impairment Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Heart Failure Early Days of Hospitalization Nursing Protocol

Impact of 1,7-malaria reactive community-based testing and response(1,7-mRCTR)approach on malaria prevalence inTanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 103-104页

作者： Wei Chang Jessica Cohen Duo‑Quan Wang Salim Abdulla Muhidin Kassim Mahende Tegemeo Gavana Valerie Scott Hajirani M.Msuya Mary Mwanyika‑Sando Ritha John ANjau Shen‑Ning Lu Silas Temu Honorati Masanja Wilbald Anthony Maru Aregawi W Naveen Sunder Tang Kun Katia Bruxvoort Jovin Kitau Fadhila Kihwele Godlove Chila Mihayo Michael Marcia Castro Nicolas AMenzies Sein Kim Xiao Ning Xiao‑Nong Zhou Prosper Chaki Yeromin P.Mlacha Department of Global health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston USA Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Shanghai People’s Republic of China School of Global health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai People’s Republic of China WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases Shanghai People’s Republic of China Ifakara health Institute Dar es Salaam United Republic of Tanzania Africa Academy for Public health Dar es Salaam Tanzania Muhimbili University of health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Ministry of Science and Technology Shanghai People’s Republic of China Global Malaria Programme World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Bentley University Waltham USA Vanke School of Public health Tsinghua University Beijing People’s Republic of China School of Public health University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham USA The Pan-African Mosquito Control Association (PAMCA) KEMRI Headquarters Nairobi Kenya

Background Progress in malaria control has stalled in recent years and innovative surveillance and response approaches are needed to accelerate malaria control and elimination eforts in endemic areas of ***‑ing on a previous China-UK-Tanzania pilot study on malaria control,this study aimed to assess the impact of the 1,7-malaria Reactive community-Based Testing and Response(1,7-mRCTR)approach implemented over two years in three districts of *** The 1,7-mRCTR approach provides community-based malaria testing via rapid diagnostic tests and treat‑ment in villages with the highest burden of malaria incidence based on surveillance data from health *** used a diference-in-diferences quasi-experimental design with linear probability models and two waves of crosssectional household surveys to assess the impact of 1,7-mRCTR on malaria *** conducted sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results,examined how intervention efects varied in subgroups,and explored alternative explanations for the observed *** Between October 2019 and September 2021,244,771 community-based malaria rapid tests were com‑pleted in intervention areas,and each intervention village received an average of 3.85 rounds of *** prevalence declined from 27.4%at baseline to 11.7%at endline in the intervention areas and from 26.0%to 16.0%in the control areas.1,7-mRCTR was associated with a 4.5-percentage-point decrease in malaria prevalence(95%confdence interval:−0.067,−0.023),equivalent to a 17%reduction from the *** Rufji,a district characterized by lower prevalence and where larviciding was additionally provided,1,7-mRCTR was associated with a 63.9%decline in malaria *** The 1,7-mRCTR approach reduced malaria *** implementation interruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain challenges,the study provided novel evidence on the efectiveness of community-based reactive approache

关键词： Malaria Surveillance and response Incidence rate community-health worker health facility communitybased testing and treatment 1,7-mRCTR Tanzania

Serum Mac-2 binding protein is a novel biomarker for chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4403-4410页

作者： Tomohiro Maekawa Yoshihiro Kamada Yusuke Ebisutani Makiko Ueda Tomoki Hata Koichi Kawamoto Shinji Takamatsu Kayo Mizutani Mayuka Shimomura Tomoaki Sobajima Hironobu Fujii Kotarosumitomo Nakayama Kimihiro Nishino Makoto Yamada Takashi Kumada Toshifumi Ito Hidetoshi Eguchi Hiroaki Nagano Eiji Miyoshi Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan aMs New Otani Clinic Osaka Osaka 540-8570 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Ogaki Municipal Hospital Ogaki Gifu 503-8502 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital Osaka Osaka 540-8570 Japan Department of Surgery Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine Ube Yamaguchi 755-8505 Japan

AIM: To determine the efficacy of Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2bp) for diagnosis of chronic ***: Fifty-nine healthy volunteers (HV), 162 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and 94 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were enrolled in this study. We measured serum Mac-2bp using our developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Additional biochemical variables were measured using an automated analyzer (including aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, and amylase levels) or chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen). The ability of Mac-2bp to predict CP diagnosis accurately was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) ***: Serum Mac-2bp levels were significantly increased in CP patients compared to HV (P < 0.0001) and PDAC patients (P < 0.0001). Area under the ROC curve values of Mac-2bp for the discrimination of CP from HV and PDAC were 0.727 and 0.784, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that serum Mac-2bp levels were independent determinants for CP diagnosis from HV and PDAC patients. Immunohistological staining showed that Mac-2bp was expressed faintly in the pancreas tissues of both CP and PDAC patients. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients with CP or PDAC. Serum Mac-2bp levels were highly correlated with protein levels of alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and C-reactive protein, but not amylase, suggesting that the damaged liver produces ***: Measurement of serum Mac-2bp may be a novel and useful biomarker for CP diagnosis as well as liver fibrosis in the general population.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Chronic pancreatitis Biomarker Steatopancreatitis Mac-2 binding protein (LGALS3BP)

Determinants of inequality in health care seeking for childhood illnesses:insights from Nairobi informal settlements

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Global health Journal 2022年第4期6卷 198-203页

作者： Nicholas Ngomi Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa Thaddaeus Egondi Pamela AMarinda Tilahun Nigatu Haregu School of Pure and Applied health Sciences Murang'a University of TechologyP.O.Box 75-10200MurangaKenya Laboratory of Genetics Wageningen University&Research6700 HB WageningenNetherlands Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative(DNDi) P.O.Box 21936-00505NairobiKenya Department of Food Science and Nutrition School of Agricultural Sciencesthe University of ZambiaLusakaZambia Nossal Institute for Global health Melbourne School of Population and Global Healththe University of MelbourneMelbourne 3000Australia

Background:An in-depth understanding of patterns of inequities in healthcare seeking among the urban residents is critical in identifying appropriate interventions *** study evaluates determinants of inequality in health care seeking for childhood illnesses among informal settlement residents in Nairobi,***:Data from the second Nairobi Cross-Sectional Slum Survey(NCSS 2012)was *** inequality in seeking health care for childhood diarrhea as the prototype illness was assessed using concentration index(CI).The wealth index based on the household possessions and amenities was used as a measure for socioeconomic ***:A total of 2027 qualified women were included in this *** 16.6% of children born of younger mothers agedhealth care seeking for diarrhea among children points to significant inequality among the urban poor(95% confidence interval:-0.028 to-0.023).Conclusion:Occupation of parents,age of mothers,ethnicity,marital status and children's age were major deter-minants with regard to disease outcome and to a broader extent inequality in health care seeking for childhood *** bottom top community health invigoration strategies in health information awareness and services access would be instrumental.

关键词： Diarrhea Childhood illnesses Socio-economic status Informal settlement Kenya