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CO_(2)capture costs of chemical looping combustion of biomass:A comparison of natural and synthetic oxygen carrier

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 296-310页

作者： Benjamin Fleiß Juraj Priscak Martin Hammerschmid Josef Fuchs Stefan Müller Hermann Hofbauer Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience EngineeringTU WienVienna1060 ViennaAustria BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable technologies gmbh Graz8010 StyriaAustria

Chemical looping combustion has the potential to be an efficient and low-cost technology capable of contributing to the reduction of the atmospheric concentration of CO_(2) in order to reach the 1.5/2°C goal and mitigate climate *** this process,a metal oxide is used as oxygen carrier in a dual fluidized bed to generate clean CO_(2) via combustion of *** commonly,natural ores or synthetic materials are used as oxygen carrier whereas both must meet special requirements for the conversion of solid *** oxygen carriers are characterized by higher reactivity at the expense of higher costs versus the lower-cost natural *** determine the viability of both possibilities,a techno-economic comparison of a synthetic material based on manganese,iron,and copper to the natural ore ilmenite was *** synthetic oxygen carrier was characterized and tested in a pilot plant,where high combustion efficiencies up to 98.4%and carbon capture rates up to 98.5%were *** techno-economic assessment resulted in CO_(2) capture costs of 75 and 40€/tCO_(2) for the synthetic and natural ore route respectively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impact of production costs and attrition rates of the synthetic *** synthetic oxygen carrier could break even with the natural ore in case of lower production costs and attrition rates,which could be reached by adapting the production process and recycling *** comparison to state-of-the-art technologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the capture cost of CO_(2) could be reduced by implementing the chemical looping combustion technology.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion BECCS Techno-economic assessment CO_(2)capture costs Oxygen carrier development Synthetic materials Ilmenite

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VHD（VAD）流程技术的新生

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国际冶金设备和技术 2011年第2期 18-20页

作者： Johannes Obitz Dieter Brück Roland Kristl inteco special melting technologies gmbh Bruck a.d. MurAustria

真空加热脱气（VHD）-真空电弧脱气（VAD）作为炼钢领域一种公认的技术已有40多年的历史。目前还有理由对这种设备技术进行投资重新设计吗？本文从VHD设备的工程角度进行了讨论。冶金方面的考虑主要基于对仍在运转的VHD设备的经验积累... 详细信息

真空加热脱气（VHD）-真空电弧脱气（VAD）作为炼钢领域一种公认的技术已有40多年的历史。目前还有理由对这种设备技术进行投资重新设计吗？本文从VHD设备的工程角度进行了讨论。冶金方面的考虑主要基于对仍在运转的VHD设备的经验积累和相关报道。

关键词：设备技术新生真空电弧真空加热经验积累 VHD 脱气工程

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Technological innovations of electric arc furnace bottom-blowing in China

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第9期26卷 909-916页

作者： Guang-sheng Wei Rong Zhu Yun Wang Xue-tao Wu Kai Dong School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Research Center of special melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Nowadays, in China, the bottom-blowing technique plays an important role in accelerating the molten bath stirring and promoting the metallurgical reactions in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. The innovations of bottom-blowing technologies in EAF steelmaking were reviewed. The optimized bottom-blowing arrangement in EAF based on the furnace structure and the position of electrodes was introduced, and the fluid flow characteristics of EAF molten bath with bottomblowing were analyzed. Furthermore, bottom-blowing CO2 in EAF can facilitate the carbon-oxygen reaction reaching equilibrium and decrease the content of nitrogen in molten steel due to its special metallurgical properties. Pulsating bottom-blowing in EAF can effectively improve the molten bath stirring through the action of the unsteady bottom blowing gas streams, which could make the fluid flow field more disorderly than the steady bottom-blowing. And submerged O2 injection with CO2 in EAF can noticeably strengthen the EAF molten bath stirring, increase the production efficiency and improve the molten steel quality.

关键词： Electric arc furnace Bottom-blowing CO2 Pulsating bottom-blowing EAF combined blowing technology Submerged O2 injection with CO2

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A review of carbon dioxide disposal technology in the converter steelmaking process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第11期27卷 1421-1429页

作者： Rong Zhu Bao-chen Han Kai Dong Guang-sheng Wei School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Research Center of special melting and Preparation of High-end Metal Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In last decade,the utilization of CO?resources in steelmaking has achieved certain metallurgical effects and the technology is *** this review,we summarized the basic reaction theory of CO2,the CO2 conversion,and the change of energy-consumption when CO2 was introduced in converter steelmaking *** the CO2-O2 mixed injection(COMI)process,the CO2 conversion ratio can be obtained as high as 80%or more with a control of the CO2 ratio in mixture gas and the flow rate of CO2,and the energy is saving and even the energy consumption can be reduced by 145.65 MJ/t under certain *** addition,a complete route of CO2 disposal technology is proposed combining the comparatively mature technologies of CO2 capture,CO2 compression,and liquid CO2 storage to improve the technology of CO2 *** results are expected to form a large-scale,highly efficient,and valuable method to dispose of CO2.

关键词： CO2 utilization carbon dioxide steelmaking enhanced stirring temperature control

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A Novel laser scanning method for metallization of alumina substrate by copper

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Rare Metals 2023年第3期42卷 844-852页

作者： Yu Hui Zhao-Lin Na Bo-Ming Sun Xu-Dong Sun Jia-Lin Chen Liaoning Engineering Laboratory of special Optical Functional Crystals College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringDalian University Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonLondon W120BZUK Institute of Ceramics and Powder Metallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Advanced technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals Kunming Institute of Precious MetalsKunming 650106China

A laser scanning method was developed to metalize the surface of alumina substrates with *** modeling of the heating and cooling rates of the samples during the laser scanning process indicates that the metallization process involves the rapid melting and solidification of Al_(2)O_(3) and Cu and the evaporation and deposition of part of the *** surface of the metalized alumina substrate was composed of copper spheres(~60μm in diameter)embedded into the alumina substrate and a thin layer of CuAlO_(2).

关键词： solidification copper laser

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Effects of particle size and content of RDX on burning stability of RDXbased propellants

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第7期18卷 1247-1256页

作者： Bin-bin Wang Xin Liao Luigi T.DeLuca Wei-dong He School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Key Laboratory of special Energy Materials Ministry of EducationNanjing210094China SPLab Department of Aerospace EngineeringPolitecnico di Milano(RET)MilanI-20156Italy

Particle size and content of RDX are the two main factors that affect the burning stability of RDX-based propellants. However, these effects and the corresponding mechanisms are still controversial. In this work, we investigated the physicochemical processes during burning and the corresponding mechanisms through the technologies of structure compactness analysis on the base of voidage measurement and theoretical interfacial area estimation, apparent burning rate measurement using closed vessel(CV)and extinguished burning surface characterization relying on interrupted closed vessel(ICV) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results indicate that the voidage increased with the increase of RDX content and particle size due to the increasing interfacial area and increasing interface gap size,respectively. The apparent burning rate increased with the increase of RDX particle size because of the decreasing RDX specific surface area on the burning surface, which could decrease the heat absorbing rates of the melting and evaporation processes of RDX in the condensed phase. Similarly, the apparent burning rate decreased with the increase of RDX content at pressures lower than around 55 MPa due to the increasing RDX specific surface area. Whereas, an opposite trend could be observed at pressures higher than around 55 MPa, which was attributed to the increasing heat feedback from the gas phase as the result of the increasing propellant energy. For propellants containing very coarse RDX particles, such as 97.8 and 199.4 μm average size, the apparent burning rate increased stably with a flat extinguished surface at pressures lower than around 30 MPa, while increased sharply above around 30 MPa with the extinguished surface becoming more and more rugged as the pressure increased. In addition, the turning degree of u-p curve increased with the increase of coarse RDX content and particle size, and could be reduced by improving the structure compactness.

关键词： RDX particle Size and content Structure compactness Apparent burning rate Extinguished surface Burning stability

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Ripple and Uniformity Measurement of a Phased-Array Testing-Machine for round-Bar Testing

Ripple and Uniformity Measurement of a Phased-Array Testing-...

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17th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing

作者： Stephan FALTER Josef MAIER Ugur TEZCAN GE Inspection technologies gmbh

＜正＞Industrial testing of round bar material is commonly carried out directly in the testing line applying automated *** the simple handling possibilities and the excellent resolution,phased-array systems,preferably of type ROWA are applied for these *** to now,many special materials with associated non-standard specifications are still tested offline in immersion tanks or even *** addition to the small reference defects applied,the testing of those materials requires am in depth understanding of the variation of the defect signal along the complete circumference of the test body,generally referred to as Ripple and *** the process point of view,it is of great advantage to transfer the offline test of special machines to the inline testing *** order to do this,a detailed measurement of the testing homogeneity under industrial conditions is one of the key *** this purpose,a method and a measurement system,which allows measuring Ripple and Uniformity,was developed and set into operation.

关键词： Phased-array ROWA Bar testing Ripple & uniformity

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New Developments in Thermo-Chemical Diffusion Processes

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 13-19页

作者： Bernd Edenhofer Ipsen International gmbh Kleve Germany

Thermo-chemical diffusion processes like carburising, nitriding and boronizing play an important part in modern manufacturing technologies. They exist in many varieties depending on the type of diffusing element used and the respective process procedure. The most important industrial heat treatment process is case-hardening, which consists of thermochemical diffusion process carburising or its variation carbonitriding, followed by a subsequent quench. The latest developments of using different gaseous carburising agents and increasing the carburising temperature are one main area of this *** other area is the evolvement of nitriding and especially the ferritic nitrocarburising process by improved process control and newly developed process variations using carbon, nitrogen and oxygen as diffusing elements in various process steps. Also boronizing and special thermo-chemical processes for stainless steels are discussed.

关键词：热化学扩散高温渗碳渗氮位控制溶体渗氮

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PRODUCTION METHODS AND APPLICATIONS FOR HIGH-QUALITY METAL POWDERS AND SPRAYFORMED PRODUCTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第1期18卷 15-23页

作者： M. Hohmann S. Pleier ALD Vacuuum technologies AG Wilhelm-Rohn-Strasse 35 D-63450 Hanau GermanyALD Vacuuum Technologies AG Wilhelm-Rohn-Strasse 35 D-63450 Hanau Germany

Metal powders of superlative quality, i.e. high cleanliness, rapidly solidified and spherical shape, have seen an increasing demand in the market. The leading technology for the production of such powders is the inert gas atomization of metal alloy melts. To fulfill these requirements, the metal alloy is usually produced in a vacuum induction melting furnace (VI-GA = vacuum induction melting/gas atomization) and poured by means of a preheated tundish system into a gas nozzle where the metal stream is disintegrated by a high kinetic energy inert gas jet. The produced micro-droplets solidify in a free fall inside the atomization tower. For special applications, super-clean and ceramic-free metal powders can be produced by using the EIGA (electrode induction melting/gas atomization) melting- and atomizing system. As an alternative to the metal powder route, the sprayforming technology allows to produce semi-finished products in one step. In this case, the metal droplets produced by the high-energy inert gas nozzle system are directly solidified on a substrate, allowing to form billets, rolls and tubes.

关键词： powder production atomization inert gas recycling ceramic-free powders sprayforming

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High Performance and High Tech in Continuous Casting-From Visions to Solutions

High Performance and High Tech in Continuous Casting-From Vi...

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The4thInternationalConfe...

作者： A.Flick C.Stoiber K.Mrwald O.Schulz J.Penn C.Chimani M.Stiftinger J.Fuchshuber F.Leingruber Siemens VAI Metals technologies gmbh Linz/Austria

＜正＞Today,continuous casting is a highly matured *** though new technical and metallurgical developments lead to sustainable improvements in operation,product quality and machine reliability,the increasing requirements of steel plant operation and product end users demand new solutions,thus resulting in completely new options for investors and plant *** adaptation of the casting dimensions through consequent mechatronization of the machine components leads to increases in operation *** approaches in product cooling result in increased production rates and *** solutions provide a quantum leap in process stability and operational *** in machine design and automation allow for the customised application of configurations for new plants and modernisation projects,together with improved serviceability of the *** examples are presented which enable casting machines to produce a wide range of products,such as thin slab casters with ultra high speed casting for close coupled rolling in a HSM,conventional high production and high performance machines and special casters for high alloy content slabs or ultra large casting thickness up to 400 mm. Operational and metallurgical results complete the paper.

关键词： ultra thick slabs ultra large beam blanks high production mechatronics soft reduction robotics

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