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Modeling the carbon dynamics of alpine grassland in the Qinghai-TibetanPlateau under scenarios of 1.5 and 2 ℃ global warming

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2019年第2期10卷 80-91页

作者： YI Shu-Hua XIANG Bo MENG Bao-Ping WU Xiao-Dong DING Yong-Jian instiute o f fragile ecosystem and environment Nantong University Nantong 226007 China of Geographic Sciences Nantong University Nantong 226007 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Chongqing Climate Center Chongqing 401147 China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China University of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Alpine grassland occupies two-thirds of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). It is vital to project changes of this vulnerable ecosystem under different climate change scenarios before taking any mitigation or adaptation measures. In this study, we used a process-based ecosystem model, driven with output from global circulation models under different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), to project the carbon dynamics of alpine grassland. The results showed the following: 1) Vegetation carbon (C) on the QTP increased by 22—38 gC m^-2 during periods of 1.5 and 2 ℃ warming under different RCPs when compared to the baseline period (1981—2006), while soil C increased by 85—122 gC m^-2. 2) The increases of vegetation C and soil C at the period of 1.5 ℃ warming were about 15 gC m^-2 and 40 gC m^-2 smaller than those at the period of 2 ℃ warming, respectively;increase of C was greater for alpine meadow than for alpine steppe. 3) Precipitation, radiation, and permafrost changed significantly and showed heterogeneous spatial patterns, and caused heterogeneous response of C dynamics. for alpine meadow in regions transformed from permafrost to seasonally frozen soil with medium annual precipitation (200—400 mm), vegetation C and net primary production decreased by 18.7 gC m-2 and 3.1 gC m^-2 per year during 2 °C warming under RCP 4.5, respectively. This decrease can be attributed to the disappearing impermeable permafrost. Different from previous studies that indicated an unfavorable response of alpine grassland to climate warming, this study showed a relatively favorable response, which is mainly attributed to C 0 2 fertilization.

关键词： Permafrost Terrestrial ecosystem model Vegetation Soil Net primary production

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An ecosystem services zoning framework for the permafrost regions of China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2019年第2期10卷 92-98页

作者： XU Ling-Xing YANG De-Wei WU Tong-Hua YI Shu-Hua fANG Yi-Ping XIAo Cun-De LIN Hao-Xi HUANG Jin-Chuan Claudien HABIMANA SIMBI Key Laboratory of Urban environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China College o f Resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academ of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of fragile ecosystem and environment Nantong University Nantong 226007 China School of Geographic Sciences Nantong University Nantong 226007 China Institute of Mountain Hazards & environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 61004L China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The degradation of the permafrost regions, resulting from intensive anthropogenic activities and global warming, has led to the loss of ecosystem services and is threating human well-being. Nevertheless, the real ecosystem service values and their complete zoning system in the permafrost regions have received insufficient attention. Research gaps between the identification of permafrost-based ecosystem services and ecosystem management are seriously constraining the development of cryospheric science. Thus, an ecosystem service zoning framework that links ecosystem services with human welfares is proposed to solve the abovementioned challenges in the permafrost regions of China. The three tiered zoning framework for ecosystem services, consisting of zoning goals, principles, hierarchy, methodology, and nomenclature, is proposed for the permafrost regions of China. A combined method, i.e., GIS spatial tools, the location entropy analysis model, and ecosystem services assessment, was employed to distinguish ecosystem conditions, ecosystem service supply, and beneficiaries into these three-grade ecosystem service zones. Hierarchical and dynamic zoning could clarify protection priorities of ecosystems and ecosystem services in terms of regions, grades, and types. The framework could contribute to sustainable management of ecosystem services in the cryosphere.

关键词： Demand ecosystem services Ecological zoning Permafrost Supply

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Climate change and water security in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 246-257页

作者： Qiuhong Tang Xingcai Liu Yuanyuan Zhou Puyu Wang Zhongqin Li Zhixin Hao Suxia Liu Gang Zhao Bingqi Zhu Xinlin He fadong Li Guang Yang Li He Haoxin Deng Zongxia Wang Xiang Ao Zhi Wang Paul P.J.Gaffney Lifeng Luo Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science/Tianshan Glaciological Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Key Laboratory of ecosystem Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchBeijing 100101China College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Hydrology Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 83000China Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityMI 48824United States

Water security is under threat worldwide from climate change. A warming climate would accelerate evaporationand cryosphere melting, leading to reduced water availability and unpredictable water supply. However, thewater crisis in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains(NSTM) faces dual challenges because water demandsforfast-growing urban areas have put heavy pressure on water resources. The mountain-oasis-desert system featuresglacier-fed rivers that sustain intensive water use in the oasis and end in the desert as fragile terminal *** complex balance between water conservation and economic development is subtle. This paper investigateschanges in hydroclimatic variables and water security-related issues on the NSTM. The spatiotemporal variationsin glaciers, climatic variables, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, groundwater, surface water, human water use, andstreamflow were analyzed for the past four decades. The results show that temperature in the NSTM exhibitedan apparent upward trend with a more significant warming rate in the higher altitude regions. Glacier massloss and shrinkage was strong. The average annual streamflow increased from 1980-1989 to 2006–2011 at mosthydrological stations. The monthly dynamics of surface water area showed notable variability at both inter-annual and seasonal scales, revealing the impacts of both natural and anthropogenic drivers on surface wateravailability in the region. The terrestrial water storage anomaly showed a decreasing trend, which might berelated to groundwater pumping for irrigation. Human water use for agriculture and industry grew with theincrease in cultivated land area and gross domestic product (GDP). The increased agricultural water use wasstrongly associated with the expansion of oases. It is unclear whether water availability would remain high underfuture climatic and hydrological uncertainties, posing challenges to water management. In the context of rapidurban growth and climate change, balancing water f

关键词： Tianshan Mountains Climate change Water security Water resources Human water use

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