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Role of lipids in the control of autophagy and primary cilium signaling in neurons

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 264-271页

作者： María Paz Hernández-Cáceres Daniela Pinto-Nuñez Patricia Rivera Paulina Burgos Francisco Díaz-Castro Alfredo Criollo Maria Jose Yañez Eugenia Morselli instituto de Investigación en ciencias Odontológicas(ICOD) Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine and ScienceUniversidad San SebastiánSantiagoChile Physiology department Faculty of Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas&Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Autophagy Research Center SantiagoChile

The brain is,after the adipose tissue,the organ with the greatest amount of lipids and diversity in their composition in the human body.In neurons,lipids are involved in signaling pathways controlling autophagy,a lysosome-dependent catabolic process essential for the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis and the function of the primary cilium,a cellular antenna that acts as a communication hub that transfers extracellular signals into intracellular responses required for neurogenesis and brain development.A crosstalk between primary cilia and autophagy has been established;however,its role in the control of neuronal activity and homeostasis is barely known.In this review,we briefly discuss the current knowledge regarding the role of autophagy and the primary cilium in neurons.Then we review the recent literature about specific lipid subclasses in the regulation of autophagy,in the control of primary cilium structure and its dependent cellular signaling in physiological and pathological conditions,specifically focusing on neurons,an area of research that could have major implications in neurodevelopment,energy homeostasis,and neurodegeneration.

关键词： autophagic flux cholesterol fatty acids GPCR lysosomal storage diseases neurons NPC1 phosphoinositides primary cilium

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DNA metabarcoding reveals seasonal changes in diet composition across four arthropod-eating lizard species(Phrynosomatidae:Sceloporus)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 480-495页

作者： Mauricio HERNÁNdeZ Stephanie HEREIRA-PACHECO Antton ALBERDI Aníbal H.DÍAZ de LA VEGA-PÉREZ Arturo ESTRADA-TORRES Sergio ANCONA Yendi E.NAVARRO-NOYA Doctorado en ciencias Biológicas Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Estación Científica La Malinche Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics The Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Centro Tlaxcala de biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas Centro de Investigación en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaSan Felipe IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico

Diet composition and its ecological drivers are rarely investigated in coexisting closely related species.We used a molecular approach to characterize the seasonal variation in diet composition in four spiny lizard species inhabiting a mountainous ecosystem.DNA metabarcoding revealed that the lizards Sceloporus aeneus,S.bicanthalis,S.grammicus,and S.spinosus mostly consumed arthropods of the orders Hemiptera,Araneae,Hymenoptera,and Coleoptera.The terrestrial lizards S.aeneus and S.bicanthalis mostly predated ants and spiders,whereas the arboreal–saxicolous S.grammicus and saxicolous S.spinosus largely consumed grasshoppers and leafhoppers.The taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the prey was higher during the dry season than the rainy season,likely because reduced prey availability in the dry season forced lizards to diversify their diets to meet their nutritional demands.Dietary and phylogenetic composition varied seasonally depending on the species,but only dietary composition varied with altitude.Seasonal dietary turnover was greater in S.spinosus than in S.bicanthalis,suggesting site-specific seasonal variability in prey availability;no other differences among species were observed.S.bicanthalis,which lives at the highest altitude in our study site,displayed interseasonal variation in diet breadth.Dietary differences were correlated with the species’feeding strategies and elevational distribution,which likely contributed to the coexistence of these lizard species in the studied geographic area and beyond.

关键词： arthropod-eating lizards diet breadth environmental barcoding mountainous ecosystem seasonal dietary shifts

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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz David García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation.Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement.However,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system.Here,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

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Empagliflozin reduces brain pathology in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1189-1190页

作者： Carmen Hierro-Bujalance Monica Garcia-Alloza Division of Physiology School of MedicineUniversidad de Cadiz instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA) Salus Infirmorum-Universidad de Cadiz

Alzheimer’s disease(AD) and type 2 diabetes(T2D): More than 55 million people suffer from dementia, and it is expected that over 150 million people will suffer from this disease by 2050. AD is the most common type of dementia and while aging remains the main risk factor to suffer it, previous studies have also shown that metabolic disorders, and T2D specifically, are also major contributors(Wang et al., 2012).

关键词： INHIBITORS

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How inflammation influences psychiatric disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 342-349页

作者： Eduardo Ferat-Osorio JoséLuis Maldonado-García Lenin Pavón División de Investigación Clínica de la Coordinación de Investigación en Salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico departamento de Bioquímica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacán 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMexico departamento de Inmunología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340Mexico Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico City 14370Mexico

Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.In this editorial,we comment on the article“Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients”by Zhang et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023;13(11):903-911.Our discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety,depression,and psychosis,which are all linked to bacterial,fungal,and viral infections,which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.We focus specifically on the immune mechanisms triggered by inflammation,the primary contributor to psychiatric complications.Importantly,pathophysiological mechanisms such as organ damage,post-injury inflammation,and infectioninduced endocrine alterations,including hypocortisolism or autoantibody formation,significantly contribute to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation,promoting the emergence or development of psychiatric alterations in susceptible individuals.As inflammation can have long-term effects on patients,a multidisciplinary treatment plan can avoid complications and debilitating health issues,and it is crucial to recognize and address the mental health implications.

关键词： Inflammation infection depression Pelvic inflammatory disease Psychiatric complication

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Common interacting genetic variation shapes susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in a Colombian Caribbean community:In search of shared genetic markers

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 106-108页

作者： Gloria Garavito-de Egea Alex Dominguez-Vargas Jorg e l.Velez Gustavo Aroca Luis Fagng Elkin Navarro-Quiroz Zilac Espitaleta Kenny del Toro-Camargo Leticia Martinez-Ariza Tatiana Gonzalez-Vargas Susana Garcia Mauricio Arcos-Burgos Eduardo Egea Universidad del Norte Division Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Universidad Simon Bolivar Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Clinica de la Costa Grupo de Investigacion en NefrologiaBarranquillaColombia Universidad de Antioquia Grupo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria(GIPSI)Departamento de PsiquiatriaInstituto de Investigaciones MedicasFacultad de MedicinaMedellinColombia

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified hundreds of loci across the human genome conferring susceptibility to autoimmune diseases(AIDs),some of which are shared between more than two diseases.However,thi... 详细信息

关键词： susceptibility diseases diabetes

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Environmental drivers of long-term variations in the abundance of the red hocicudo mouse (Oxymycterus rufus) in Pampas agroecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 37-51页

作者： Laura Mariel CALFAYAN Regino CAVIA Jimena FRASCHINA Juan Santiago GUIDOBONO Irene Laura GOROSITO María BUSCH Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Departamento de EcologíaGenética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Buenos AiresArgentina

During the 20th century,there has been an ongoing agricultural expansion and global warming,two of the main determinants influencing biodiversity changes in Argentina.The red hocicudo mouse(Oxymycterus rufus)inhabits subtropical grasslands and riparian habitats and has increased its abundance in recent years in central Argentina agroecosystems.This paper describes the long-term temporal changes in O.rufus abundance in Exaltación de la Cruz department,Buenos Aires province,Argentina,in relation to weatherfluctuations and landscape features,as well as analyzes the spatio-temporal structure of captures of animals.We used generalized liner models,semi-variograms,the Mantel test,and autocorrelation functions for the analysis of rodent data obtained from trappings conducted between 1984 and 2014.O.rufus showed an increase in abundance across the years of study,with its distribution depending on landscape features,such as habitat types and the distance tofloodplains.Capture rates showed a spatio-temporal aggregation,suggesting expansion from previously occupied sites.O.rufus was more abundant at lower minimum temperatures in summer,higher precipitation in spring and summer,and lower precip-itations in winter.Weather conditions affected O.rufus abundance,but there was local variation that differed from global patterns of climate change.

关键词： agroecosystems climate change linear habitats Oxymycterus rufus rodent

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 1-12页

作者： Lucia V.Sommaro Juan J.Martinez Marina B.Chiappero Andrea R.Steinmann Cristina N.Gardenal JoséW.Priotto Laboratorio de Ecologia Evolutiva y Biogeografia Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECoA)Universidad Nacional de Jujuy-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal(IdeA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)and Universidad Nacionalde CordobaCordobaArgentina Catedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolucion Facultad de Ciencias ExactasFisicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CordobaCordobaArgentina Grupo de Investigaciones en Ecologia Poblacional y Comportamental(GIEPCO) Instituto de Ciencias de la TierraBiodiversidad y Ambiente(ICBiA)Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina

The sex-biased dispersal and kinship dynamics are important factors shaping the spatial distribution of individuals and are key parameters affecting a variety of ecological and evolutionary processes.Here,we studied the spatial distribution of related individuals within a population of corn mice Calomys musculinus in a seasonal cycle to infer dispersal patterns.The sampling was carried out from spring 2005 to winter 2006 in field borders of intensively managed agroecosystems.Genotyping data from 346 individuals with 9 microsatellites showed spatial genetic structure was weak for males,but not for females.The results indicate a complex spatial kinship dynamic of related females across all seasons.Which,contrary to our expectations,dispersal distances decrease with the increase of the population abundance.Meanwhile,male dispersal distances were greater when population abundance increased and thus the availability of active females.Males disperse greater distances to mate and sire offspring with distant females as a possible inbreeding avoidance mechanism.This study shows that C.musculinus is capable of much greater scattering distances than previously reported and that dispersal occurs fluidly and without barriers across the agroecosystem.The indirect benefit of dispersal on individual fitness could be related to relaxing the competition in the natal area and increasing the mating rate.Our study highlights the value of combining genetic relatedness,fieldwork observations,and behavioral data to estimate dispersal at a fine geographical scale.

关键词： dispersal distances kinship dynamics microsatellite small mammals spatial autocorrelation

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Single-neuron neurodegeneration as a degenerative model for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 529-535页

作者： Sandro Huenchuguala Juan Segura-Aguilar Escuela de Tecnología Médica Facultad de SaludUniversidad Santo TomásLos CarrerasOsornoChile Molecular&Clinical Pharmacology Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas(ICBM)Faculty of medicineUniversity of ChileIndependenciaSantiagoChile

The positive effect of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease,although it is limited in time and has severe side effects,has encouraged the scientific community to look for new drugs that can stop the neurodegenerative process or even regenerate the neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons.Successful preclinical studies with coenzyme Q10,mitoquinone,isradipine,nilotinib,TCH346,neurturin,zonisamide,deferiprone,prasinezumab,and cinpanemab prompted clinical trials.However,these failed and after more than 50 years levodopa continues to be the key drug in the treatment of the disease,despite its severe side effects after 4–6 years of chronic treatment.The lack of translated successful results obtained in preclinical investigations based on the use of neurotoxins that do not exist in the human body as new drugs for Parkinson’s disease treatment is a big problem.In our opinion,the cause of these failures lies in the experimental animal models involving neurotoxins that do not exist in the human body,such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and 6-hydroxydopamine,that induce a very fast,massive and expansive neurodegenerative process,which contrasts with the extremely slow one of neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons.The exceedingly slow progress of the neurodegenerative process of the nigrostriatal neurons in idiopathic Parkinson’s patients is due to(i)a degenerative model in which the neurotoxic effect of an endogenous neurotoxin affects a single neuron,(ii)a neurotoxic event that is not expansive and(iii)the fact that the neurotoxin that triggers the neurodegenerative process is produced inside the neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons.The endogenous neurotoxin that fits this degenerative model involving one single neuron at a time is aminochrome,since it(i)is generated within neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons,(ii)does not cause an expansive neurotoxic effect and(iii)triggers all the mechanisms involved in the neurodegenerative process of the nigrostriata

关键词： 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 6-hydroxydopamine aminochrome dopaminergic neurons DT-diaphorase exogenous neurotoxins glutathione transferase M2-2

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A novel heterozygous SF1/NR5A1 gene variant causes 46,XY DSD-gonadal dysgenesis with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism without adrenal insufficiency

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 128-130页

作者： Luis Ramos department of Reproductive biology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador ZubirdnTlalpanMexico City 14080Mexico

Steroidogenic factor 1(SF1/NR5A1;nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1)is an essential orphan protein involved in gonadal embryogenesis,sex determination,and reproductive endocrinology.

关键词： insufficiency determination gonadal

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