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New influence factor inducing difficulty in selective flotation separation of Cu–Zn mixed sulfide minerals

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第2期22卷 111-115页

作者： Jiu-shuai Deng Ying-bo Mao Shu-ming Wen Jian Liu Yong-jun Xian Qi-cheng Feng State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology

Selective flotation separation of Cu-Zn mixed sulfides has been proven to be difficult. Thus far, researchers have found no satis- factory way to separate Cu-Zn mixed sulfides by selective flotation, mainly because of the complex surface and interface interaction mecha- nisms in the flotation solution. Undesired activation occurs between copper ions and the sphalerite surfaces. In addition to recycled water and mineral dissolution, ancient fluids in the minerals are observed to be a new source of metal ions. In this study, significant amounts of ancient fluids were found to exist in Cu-Zn sulfide and gangue minerals, mostly as gas-liquid fluid inclusions. The concentration of copper ions re- leased from the ancient fluids reached 1.02 × 10-6 tool/L, whereas, in the cases of sphalerite and quartz, this concentration was 0.62 ×10-6 mol/L and 0.44 × 10-6 mol/L, respectively. As a result, the ancient fluid is a significant source of copper ions compared to mineral dissolution under the same experimental conditions, which promotes the unwanted activation of sphalerite. Therefore, the ancient fluid is considered to be a new factor that affects the selective flotation separation of Cu-Zn mixed sulfide ores.

关键词： sulfide minerals flotation separation fluid inclusions

Sulfidization regulation of cuprite by pre-oxidation using sodium hypochlorite as an oxidant

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第6期31卷 1117-1128页

作者： Guang Han Shuming Wen Han Wang Qicheng Feng State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resources EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

The direct sulfidization of cuprite is inefficient because cuprite is a copper-oxide mineral with a strong surface *** this study,oxidant was used to modify cuprite surfaces to regulate the sulfidization of *** tests showed that the flotation recovery of pre-oxidized cuprite was nearly25% higher than that of direct sulfidization flotation,which indicates that the cuprite surface activity was enhanced after pre-oxidation by Cu(Ⅰ) species(weak affinity with sulfur ions) transformation to Cu(Ⅱ)species(strong affinity with sulfur ions).Zeta potential,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry results showed that pre-oxidation improved cuprite sulfidization and promoted the formation of copper-sulfide species on the cuprite *** mineral surface stability and thus,xanthate species adsorption on the cuprite surfaces were *** surface-adsorption measurements and infrared spectroscopy showed that a large amount of xanthate species was adsorbed onto the sulfidized cuprite surfaces after pre-oxidation,which enhanced the cuprite hydrophobicity and improved the cuprite flotation.

关键词： Cuprite Pre-oxidation Enhanced sulfidization Xanthate adsorption

Deep Structural Framework and Genetic Analysis of Gold Concentration Areas in the Northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula, China： A New Understanding based on High-Resolution Reflective Seismic Survey

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第5期92卷 1823-1840页

作者： YU Xuefeng SHAN Wei XIONG Yuxin GENG Ke SUN Yuqin CHI Naijie GUO Baokui LI Dapeng LI Hongkui SONG Yingxin YANG Deping Shandong Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Resource utilization in Metallic Minerals Jinan 250013 Shandong China Key Laboratory Of Gold Mineralization Processes and Resources utilization Minister of land and Resources Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences

The gold concentration areas in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula constituted an important gold metallogenetic region in Eastern China during the Mesozoic. The deep geological bodies＇ texture characteristic is important for exploring the resources thoroughly and understanding the metallogenic process. The detailed textures were revealed using high-resolution seismic profiles through the three major ore-controlling structures-Sanshandao fault zone, Jiaojia fault zone and Zhaoping fault zone. This study aims to establish a deep structural framework of this area. Based on their formation mechanism, the fault structures developed in the area can be divided into regional and local fault structures. The structural styles are characterised by superimposing their compressional, strike-slip and extensional multi-stage activities. The crust is cut by vertical structures corresponding to a left-lateral strike-slip fault system on the surface. Nearby these structures are the arc-shape structures formed by multi-stage magma intrusions into the upper crust. Bounded by the Tancheng–Lujiang and Muping–Jimo fault zones, the current Jiaodong block, developed a series of NE-trending strike-slip fault systems, was probably formed by the assemblage of several obliquely aligned blocks. The intensive magmatism and hydrothermal activity between the blocks induced large-scale mineralisation. It provides a new angle of view for understanding the cratonic destruction and large ore-concentration formed during the Mesozoic.

关键词： ore concentration area deep exploration strike-slip faults Sanshandao fault zone cratonic destruction Shandong

Growth of covellite crystal onto azurite surface during sulfurization and its response to flotation behavior

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第6期31卷 1003-1012页

作者： Jinpeng Cai Peilun Shen Dianwen Liu Xiaolin Zhang Jianjun Fang Chao Su Xingcai Yu Jiangli Li Han Wang State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resources EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are *** emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface,but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal(synCuS),creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite ***,as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) analyses,a redox reaction occurred during this process,and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(Ⅰ).Correspondingly,reduced S^(2-) was oxidized to(S_(2))^(2-),(S_n)^(-2),and even to deeper oxidation state S~0,(S_(x)O_(y))^(n-) and SO_(4)^(2-).Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface,and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow,resulting in the formation of "flake-like" covellite with a better ***,the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition,because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment,resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.

关键词： Azurite Sulfurization floatation Covellite crystal Growth Colloid

Thermodynamic theory of flotation for a complex multiphase solid -liquid system and high-entropy flotation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1177-1197页

作者： Shuming Wen State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resource EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

The flotation of complex solid–liquid multiphase systems involve interactions among multiple components,the core problem facing flotation ***,the combined use of multicomponent flotation reagents to improve mineral flotation has become an important issue in studies on the efficient use of refractory mineral ***,studying the flotation of complex solid–liquid systems is extremely difficult,and no systematic theory has been developed to *** addition,the physical mechanism associated with combining reagents to improve the flotation effect has not been unified,which limits the development of flotation theory and the progress of flotation *** this study,we applied theoretical thermodynamics to a solid–liquid flotation system and used changes in the entropy and Gibbs free energy of the reagents adsorbed on the mineral surface to establish thermodynamic equilibrium equations that de-scribe interactions among various material components while also introducing adsorption equilibrium constants for the flotation reagents adsorbed on the mineral *** homogenization effect on the mineral surface in pulp solution was determined using the chemical potentials of the material components of the various mineral surfaces required to maintain *** flotation effect can be improved through synergy among multicomponent flotation reagents;its physical essence is the thermodynamic law that as the number of compon-ents of flotation reagents on the mineral surface increases,the surface adsorption entropy change increases,and the Gibbs free energy change of adsorption *** to the results obtained using flotation thermodynamics theory,we established high-entropy flotation theory and a technical method in which increasing the types of flotation reagents adsorbed on the mineral surface,increasing the adsorption entropy change of the flotation reagents,decreasing the Gibbs free energy change,and improving the adsorption efficiency

关键词： multicomponent flotation reagent adsorption entropy change equations of thermodynamic equilibrium adsorption equilibri-um constant high-entropy flotation

Enhanced sulfidization of azurite surfaces by ammonium phosphate and its effect on flotation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第6期29卷 1150-1160页

作者： Qian Zhang Shuming Wen Qicheng Feng Han Wang State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resource EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

Although azurite is one of the most important copper oxide minerals,the recovery of this mineral via sulfidization-xanthate flotation is typically *** present work demonstrated the enhanced sulfidization of azurite surfaces using ammonia phosphate((NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4)) together with Na_(2)S,based on micro-flotation experiments,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),zeta-potential measurements,contact angle measurements,Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy,and ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)***-flotation experiments showed that the floatability of azurite was increased following the simultaneous addition of(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4)and Na_(2)***-SIMS and XPS analyses demonstrated the formation of a high content of S species on the azurite surface and an increase in the number of Cu(I)species after exposure to(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4)and Na_(2)S,compared with the azurite-Na_(2)S *** zeta potential of azurite particles was negatively shifted and the contact angle on the azurite surface was increased with the addition of(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4)prior to Na_(2)*** results indicate that treatment with(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4) enhances the sulfidization of azurite surfaces,which in turn promotes xanthate ***-IR and UV-Vis analyses confirmed that the addition of(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4) increased the adsorption of xanthate with reducing the consumption of xanthate during the azurite flotation ***,(NH_(4))_(3)PO_(4) has a beneficial effect on the sulfidization flotation of azurite.

关键词： azurite ammonium phosphate enhanced sulfidization reagent adsorption flotation enhancement

Review of the research on the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 46-53页

作者： Ruiqi Xie Zhihui Zhao Xiong Tong Xian Xie Qiang Song Peiqiang Fan Faculty of land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Metal Tailings Resource utilization Kunming650093China

Since the demands for lithium have been in explosive growth recently and several great clay lithium resources were founded in China,the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources become a hot *** order to provide a guidance for the concentration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources,this review systematically summarized the main types and characteristics of clay-type lithium resources and the research status of lithium extraction from clay lithium ***,the flotation research status of the main mineral of clay lithium ore was also ***,we discussed the difficulties in the development and utilization of clay-type lithium ore and put forward the subsequent research *** paper can provide a guidance for the con-centration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources in the future.

关键词： Clay lithium Clay mineral flotation Lithium extraction Leaching

A novel sulfidization system for enhancing hemimorphite flotation through Cu/Pb binary metal ions

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第12期34卷 1741-1752页

作者： Qicheng Feng Yingchao Zhang Ga Zhang Guang Han Wenjuan Zhao State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean utilization Faculty of Land Resource EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

The low reactivity of hemimorphite surfaces hinders the effective action of sulfidizing agents and xanthate,resulting in unsatisfactory flotation *** enhance the surface reactivity of hemi-morphite with sulfidizing agents and xanthate,Cu/Pb binary metal ions were introduced into the sul-fidization flotation system to enhance the sulfidization process and thereby promote hemimorphite *** flotation results demonstrated a remarkable improvement in the hemimorphite flotation recovery when Cu/Pb binary metal ions were added prior to *** flotation recovery of hemi-morphite increased from less than 5%to over 80%.After strengthening the sulfidization of hemimorphite with Cu/Pb binary metal ions,the mineral surface formed multicomponent sulfide products composed of zinc,copper,and lead *** reactivity of the copper-lead sulfide components exceeds that of the zinc sulfide component;thus,the enhancement by Cu/Pb binary metal ions not only increases the content of sulfide products on the hemimorphite surface but also augments their *** angle and adsorption experiments indicated that after enhanced sulfidization with Cu/Pb binary metal ions,the hemimorphite surface adsorbed a greater amount of xanthate,significantly increasing the mineral sur-face ***,the enhanced sulfidization by Cu/Pb binary metal ions effectively improved the flotation behavior of hemimorphite,presenting an innovative sulfidization system for the flotation recovery of zinc silicate minerals in zinc oxide ores.

关键词： Hemimorphite Enhanced sulfidization Cu/Pb binary metal ions Flotation

Study on Economic growth,Urbanization and Sustainable utilization of Cultivated land in China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2004年第2期2卷 40-44页

作者： Wu Qun,Guo Guancheng & Fan LiCollege of land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,210095,China College of land Management Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

By means of the dynamic regression model, this paper analyzes the relationships among economic growth, urbanization and changes of cultivated land in China, finds that the ratio of cultivated land occupied by economic growth is decreasing with social and economic growth. And, based on that, some policy suggestions on how to promote the sustainable use of cultivated land in China are put forward.

关键词： economic growth urbanization cultivated land sustainable utilization