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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Activation energy

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Bioremediation of Oil-Polluted Cultivated Soils in the Euro-Arctic Region

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Journal of environmental science and Engineering(A) 2012年第9期1卷 1130-1136页

作者： Galina Evdokimova Vladimir Masloboev Natalia Mozgova Vladimir Myazin Nadezda Fokina institute of industrial Ecology problems of the north Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Science Apatity 184209Russia

It has been studied restoration processes in oil products-polluted soils at high northern latitudes （the Murmansk region, Russia）. Mineral and organic fertilizers and a bacterial preparation （based on the local strains of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria） were applied for restore polluted soils. Periods of removing OP （oil products） from soil were determined by the reduction of the pollutant concentration and by soil biological activities--the dynamics of bacteria number and CO2 emission from soil. The soil OP even at such a high concentration （as 10 L/m^2） had stimulated bacterial reproduction. In three summer month levels in the control variant without ameliorators of OP content decreased by 59% from the initial level, in the variant with mineral and organic fertilizers by 86%, in the variant with the bacterial preparation by 84%. Stimulating of indigenous microorganisms activity with additional nutrients was no less effective technique of OP-polluted soil bioremediation, than applying the bacterial preparation, which requires considerable financial investment. Moderately contaminated of OP soil is a source of additional carbon dioxide emission in the atmosphere. Pollution soil with OP caused for increasing of share of potentially pathogenic fungi in the fungal community.

关键词： Soil diesel fuel pollution restoration.

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New U-Pb and Sm-Nd Data and REE Distribution in Sulphides of Paleoproterozoic PGE Layered Intrusions in the Arctic Part of the Fennoscandian Shield

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第11期9卷 768-782页

作者： Tamara Bayanova Irina Elizarova Pavel Serov Nadezhda Ekimova Evgeny Kunakkuzin Ekaterina Steshenko Yury Neradovsky Markku Iljina Dmitry Zhirov Geological institute of the kola science centre Russian Academy of Sciences Apatity Russia institute of the north industrial environmental problems of the kola science centre Russian Academy of Sciences Apatity Russia Geological Survey of Finland Rovaniemi Finland

The U-Pb (on zircon) and Sm-Nd analysis is a popular isotope-geochronological tool for estimating the age of rocks from PGE mafic-ultramafic intrusions. Sulphides can be used to study the geochronology of ore processes as well, since they should indicate the time of ore mineralization. Gabbronorite has been sampled from the Passivaara reef at the Penikat layered intrusion (Finland) for U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotope single zircon analyses in order to separate sulphide minerals. The Sm-Nd isotope age of gabbronorite has been dated at 2426 ± 36 Ma;eNd(T) = −1.4 ± 0.4. The Sm-Nd isotope age on sulphides and rock-forming minerals reflects the crystallization time of the ore-bearing gabbronorite from the Passivaara reef of the Penikat layered intrusion. The mass-spectrometer analytical environment and modes of operation have been adjusted to detect REE in sulphide minerals on example of pyrite from the PGE Penikat layered intrusion (Finland) and chalcopyrite from the Talnakh deposit (Norilsk area, Russia) has been estimated. The total REE content in pyrite is ca. 3.5 ppm, which is enough to define the Sm-Nd age of pyrite. The study shows how to use the mineral/chondrite spectra to evaluate the accuracy of the REE analytical results on example of State Standard Sample 2463 (Russia).

关键词： Platinum Group Elements Layered Intrusion Rare Earth Elements Uranium-Lead and Samarium-Neodymium Analyses Zircon Sulphide Minerals Fennoscandian Shield

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License to Mine: A Comparison of the Scope of the environmental Assessment in Sweden, Finland and Russia

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Natural Resources 2015年第4期6卷 237-255页

作者： Maria Pettersson Anniina Oksanen Tatiana Mingaleva Victor Petrov Vladimir Masloboev Department of Social sciences Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Faculty of Law University of Lapland Rovaniemi Finland institute of industrial Ecology problems in the north Kola Science Centre Russian Academy of Science Apatity Russia

The regulatory framework for mining operations is complex;the licensing process in particular typically involves several laws and a number of permits. This paper assumes that the regulatory framework is strongly influenced by the institutional framework of which it is part, and that it suffers from an institutional path dependence that may decrease the efficiency of the system as well as act barrier to the implementation of necessary environmental requirements. The paper provides: 1) a legal analysis of the regulatory framework governing mining operations in Sweden, Finland and Russia;and 2) a comparative analysis of the scope of the environmental assessment within the licensing process in the examined countries. The result of the analysis of the regulatory frameworks shows great similarity between the Swedish and the Finnish systems, both in terms of the overall structure and the implementation of substantive environmental rules. The Russian system differs in this respect, with more declarative rules and seemingly less substantive assessments. The results also indicate that the regulatory frameworks in all three countries show signs of institutional path dependence, but in very different degrees. Though Russia has indeed implemented major changes in the formal structure, very little has changed in practice. The Swedish regulatory framework for mining shows a deficient systematics and conflicting objectives, despite the implementation of a comprehensive environmental legislation. The recently reformed Finnish system seems to have a more holistic approach.

关键词： Legal Framework Licensing Process environmental Law EIA Mining Industry Institutional Framework Path Dependence

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Erosion processes in karst landscapes of the Russian plain northern taiga,based on digital elevation modeling

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Journal of Mountain science 2016年第4期13卷 569-580页

作者： Elena POLYAKOVA Mikhail GOFAROV Yuriy KUTINOV Vladimir BELJAEV Zinaida CHISTOVA Nikolay NEVEROV Vadim STARITSYN Alexandr MINEEV Sergey DURYNIN institute of Ecological problems of the north Ural Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesGeological Structure and Dynamics of the Lithosphere Laboratory Space Monitoring of the Arctic centre of the northern Arctic Federal University namedafter M.V.Lomonosov Arkhangelsk163000Russia institute of Ecological problems of the north Ural Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesMolecular Ecology and Biogeography LaboratoryArkhangelsk163000Russia institute of Ecological problems of the north Ural Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesGeological Structure and Dynamics of the Lithosphere LaboratoryArkhangelsk163000Russia

This paper considers the problems of the potential development of erosion processes in the natural landscapes of northern taiga in the Russian plain. It is considered that in forest ecosystems, erosion processes are slow and are weakly reflected in the terrain. However, the situation changes radically if the vegetation cover integrity is violated, which is inevitable with the modern methods of developing northern territories. Furthermore, global changes in average annual temperatures and the occurrence of karst processes may be the reason behind the development of erosion processes. The authors suggest a method for determining territories with a varying occurrence probability of erosional processes, based on digital elevation modelling. The territory of the Pinezhsky Nature Reserve(Arkhangelsk region) was chosen as the test plot. Direct field studies were previously used to detect exogenous geological processes in this territory. The authors were the first to suggest digital elevation modelling as a method that allows determining the potential danger of erosion in karst landscapes of the northern taiga. The geomorphometric studies resulted in the determination of areas with the greatest and lowest occurrence probability of erosion processes in the Pinezhsky Nature Reserve. It was established that the most significant erosion type was linear erosion, represented by incised river valleys and karst ravines. Sheet erosion is less significant and occurs as sinkholes, local declines, and chasms over the valleys of subterranean rivers.

关键词： Russian plain Erosion processes Karst northern taiga Digital elevation model Geomorphometric parameters

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EDXRF analysis of beach rock samples of Andaman Island

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2009年第2期20卷 93-98页

作者： Ravisankar R Eswaran P Vijay Anand K Rajalakshmi A Prasad MVR Satpathy K K Rajashekhar C Alok Athavale Department of Physics Sri Sivasubramania Nadar College of Engineering Department of Physics SMK Fomra Institute of Technology environmental and industrial Safety Section Safety GroupIndira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Paleobiology Group Agharkar Research Institute

B Elemental contents of beach rock samples were analyzed using *** samples were collected from three locations of Andaman *** Al,Ca,K,Fe,Ti,Si,V,Co,Cu,Ba,Zn,Pb,Cd and Mn contents were *** geochemical behavior of elements in the region is *** elemental contents of beach rock samples from Andaman Island are much below the values of both earth crust and that of Tamilnadu ***,content of the biogenic element Ca was the highest of all *** is due to the typical beach rock formation.

关键词：能量色散X射线荧光分析岩石样本海滩地球化学行为元素含量生物元素锰含量样品

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Technosols on mining wastes in the subarctic: Efficiency of remediation under Cu-Ni atmospheric pollution

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 297-307页

作者： Marina V.Slukovskaya Viacheslav I.Vasenev Kristina V.Ivashchenko Dmitry V.Morev Svetlana V.Drogobuzhskaya Liubov A.Ivanova Irina P.Kremenetskaya I.V.Tananaev institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209Academgorodok 26aApatityMurmansk RegionRussia Department of Landscape Design and Sustainable Ecosystems RUDN University117198Miklykho-Maklaya str.8MoscowRussia institute of Physicochemical and Biological problems in Soil science Russian Academy of Sciences142290Institutskaya str.2PushchinoMoscow RegionRussia Department of Ecology Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy127550Timiryazevskaya str.49MoscowRussia N.A.Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-institute Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209Academgorodok 18aApatityMurmansk RegionRussia

Tne copper-nickel factory's emissions in the Murmansk region,Russia,led to the degradanon of plant cover and topsoil with the subsequent formation of industrial *** this study,the industrial barrens were remediated by means of Technosol engineering,when grasses were sown on the two different types of mining wastes (carbonatite and serpentinite-magnesite) covered by hydroponic *** serpentinite-magnesite waste was significantly different from the carbonatite waste in the content of silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn),pH,and *** wastes had an alkaline pH level and high content of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg).The vegetation and Technosol properties at the remediated sites were analyzed in 2017 and compared to the initial state (2010 year) to assess the efficiency of the long-term *** quality and sustainability of Technosols based on the serpentinite-magnesite wastes were substantially higher compared to the carbonatite-based *** and a projective cover of the grass community depended on Si content in the original mining waste and were found to be higher in the serpentinite-magnesite *** content of organic carbon and its fractions,microbial biomass and basal respiration after seven years of Technosol evolution was comparable to natural *** parameters were directly related to plant cover state and were inversely proportional to copper (Cu) content in *** Technosol development led to the reduction of nickel (Ni) and Cu migration in soil-plant ecosystems due to neutralization and adsorption properties of mining wastes and phytostabilization by underground parts of grass *** Technosol development in its early stage of pedogenesis indicates the efficiency of applied remediation technology to the degraded acidic soil under the conditions of industrial atmospheric pollution.

关键词： industrial barrens Metals Phytostabilization Soil organic carbon Basal respiration Pedogenesis

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Evaluation of Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment Process in Petrochemical Wastewater Purification

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2018年第4期20卷 67-74页

作者： Zhang Chao Yang Lin Sang Junqiang Li Bengao Liu Tao Central Research institute of China Chemical science and Technology Beijing 100083 SINOPEC Research institute of Petroleum Processing Beijing 100083 CNOOC environmental Consultation centre Beijing 100012

The powdered activated carbon treatment(PACT) process has been widely used in many industrial fields, however,very few PACT processes are built for petrochemical wastewater treatment in China. An industrial PACT unit launched in a petrochemical plant was introduced and evaluated from both the practice and mechanism study. Practically, the PACT process showed excellent capability in pollutants removal, shock resistance, toxicity tolerance, and the COD and ammoniumN in effluent of PACT unit assisted by PAC was equal to 15.5 mg/L and 0.7 mg/L lower than that without PAC addition,respectively. The wet oxidation regeneration unit was quite efficient in supplying regenerated PAC, and, however, the hard calcium sulphate scale and the high pollutant concentration solution needed to be carefully controlled. Moreover, although the carbon balance showed that the adsorption capability of regenerated PAC was negligible, the biological tests proved that the regenerated PAC increased microbe activity up to 17% more than pure activated sludge system, which was almost compatible with the fresh activated carbon.

关键词： powdered activated carbon treatment petrochemical wastewater adsorption microbe activity

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XMT enabled prediction of structure and permeability of flocculated structures and sediments

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第12期6卷 1367-1373页

作者： WILLIAMS R.A. SELOMULYA C. JIA X. institute of Particle science ＆ Engineering School of Process Environmental ＆ Materials Engineering University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK ARC centre for Functional Nanomaterials School of Chemical Engineering ＆ Industrial Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

3D visualisations of the microstructure of flocculated particulates and sediments using optical confocal laser mi- croscopy and high resolution X-ray microtomography (XMT) methods are described. Data obtained from in-situ measurements should enable direct computation of the properties of solids assembly (shape, size, contact area) and their permeability to fluids. A specific application relating to the formation of silica aggregates is described from which the behaviour of sediments containing these materials can be predicted on the basis of a bench-top test and the use of a Lattice Boltzman simulation. It is proposed that the method can potentially be used to predict trends such as the filtration behaviour of porous structures under different states of compression. This offers a significant benefit in assisting the formulation design of flocculated materials pertinent to a number of industrial sectors wishing to design optimal filtration or relevant operations.

关键词： Fluid flow Imaging Microstructure Porous media Visualization Tomography

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Fabrication and functional characterization of engineered features on pyrolytic carbon

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Advances in Manufacturing 2016年第2期4卷 134-141页

作者： Vivek Bajpai Bablu Prasad Ramesh Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute ofTechnology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India centre for environmental science and Engineering IndianInstitute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076India

Engineered features on pyrolytic carbon （PyC） have been reported to improve the functional performance of the bio-implants. This paper is focused on the functional characterization of micro-features created on the surface of PyC. Two different types of micro-features （wide channels and arrayed holes） have been created by micro-electrical discharge machining （micro-EDM）. Two other micro-fea- tures （fine channels and micro-pillars） have been created by micromilling process. Coliform bacterial strain was iso- lated from a sample of water and grown on all four tex- tured. Cell growth was carried out on an unmachined surface to see the behavior of the isolated bacterial strain on the textured/non-textured surfaces. The samples were examined under SEM before and after wash to see cell growth and cell adhesion capability of the textures. The wide channels by micro-EDM show the maximum cell growth but poor cell adhesion. 184% higher cell growth has been observed on the wide channels in comparison with unmachined surface. The fine channels by micro-milling show comparatively lower growth but the cell adhesion on this surface was found excellent. 71% cells remain unwa- shed after washing of the surface having fine channel textures. It means that the channels structure shows the maximum cell growth and adhesion independent of machining process.

关键词： Pyrolytic carbon Micro-features Surfacetexturing Cell growth and adhesion

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