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Descriptive and Comparative Histology of the Urinary System of the Hematophagous Bats Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 180-191页

作者： María Guadalupe Ramírez-Muñoz Samantha Jardon-Xicotencatl José Ignacio Olave-Leyva Armando Zepeda-Bastida Juan Ocampo-López Histology and Histopathology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Academic Area Veterinary Biotechnology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Multidisciplinary Research Unit L4 (Veterinary Morphology and Cell Biology) UNAM-FESC Campus 4 Cuautitln Izcalli Mexico Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico

Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata, both of which are mammals of the order Chiroptera, Desmodontidae family, their diet consisting exclusively of blood. D. rotundus is the main vector and transmitter of the rabies virus, which affects human beings as well as several livestock species so the study of this bat species is of high importance within the fields of animal agriculture and public health. The present study describes and compares the histologic characteristics of the urinary system of two hematophagous bat species. A total of 5 bats from each species were captured in the municipalities of Progreso de Obregón, Hidalgo (D. rotundus), and Huayacocotla, Veracruz (D. ecaudata). Organs belonging to the urinary system were extracted: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra;samples were fixed using 10% formalin and processed by the paraffin embedding technique, obtaining sections of 5 µm thickness, which in turn were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Gomori trichrome (GT) stains. From the obtained histologic preparations, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the structural organography of the urinary system of both species was made, and no noteworthy histological differences between samples were noted. The present research is intended to provide a framework for future studies of these species’ currently understudied microscopic anatomy.

关键词： Microscopic Anatomy Vampire Bats Kidneys Comparative Morphology

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Effects of Monoclonal Antibody Against Adipocyte-Specific Membrane Protein on Lipid Metabolism in Pigs

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第2期7卷 232-238页

作者： GAO Shi-zheng LIU Ling-yun ZHAO Su-mei HU Hong-mei GE Chang-rong LIU Yong-gang ZHANG Xi Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Yunnan Province Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 P.R.China Kunming Normal School Kunming 650201 P.R.China institute of zootechnics and Veterinary Science Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100 P.R.China

This study was to investigate the regulation of monoclonal antibodies against adipocyte membrane proteins （McAb） on lipid metabolism in pigs. Forty Landrace x Saba pigs were randomly divided into eight groups; the control group was given 10 mL saline and the treat groups were given monoclonal antibody against adipocyte-specific membrane protein with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg kg-I body weight at 15 and 60 kg body weight, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection. The results showed that McAb could increase, significantly, serum lipoprotein lipase activity and reduce serum nonesterified fatty acid （NEFA） content. Meanwhile, McAb increased content of serum lipid, triglyceride （TG）, cholesterol （CHO）, high density lipoprotein （HDL）, and low density lipoprotein （LDL） both at 15 and 60 kg body weight. However, McAb affected more significantly the lipid metabolism at 15 kg body weight than at 60 kg body weight. Moreover, this effect of McAb on lipid metabolism exhibited dose-dependent effect. These results suggested that this monoclonal antibody increased lipase activity, promoted lipolysis, and utilization of lipid so that McAb could be applied to restrain excessive fat deposition in porcine production through the regulation of fat metabolism.

关键词： adipocyte membrane protein monoclonal antibody lipid metabolism porcine

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Breed and adaptive response modulate bovine peripheral blood cells＇ transcriptome

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 335-350页

作者： Nataliya Poscic Tommaso Montanari Mariasilvia D’Andrea Danilo Licastro Fabio Pilla Paolo Ajmone-Marsan Andrea Minuti Sandy Sgorlon Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Animal Science(DI4A)University of Udinevia delle Scienze 20633100 UdineItaly Department ofAgricultural Environmental and Food SciencesUniversity of Molisevia F.De Sanctis snc86100 CampobassoItaly. CBM S.c.r.I SS 14-km 163.5 AREAScience Park34149 BasovizzaTSitaly. institute of zootechnics Catholic University of the Sacred Heartvia Emilia Parmense 8429133 PiacenzaItaly.

Background： Adaptive response includes a variety of physiological modifications to face changes in external or internal conditions and adapt to a new situation. The acute phase proteins（APPs） are reactants synthesized against environmental stimuli like stress, infection, ***： To delineate the differences in molecular constituents of adaptive response to the environment we performed the whole-blood transcriptome analysis in Italian Holstein（IH） and Italian Simmental（IS） breeds. For this, 663 IH and IS cows from six commercial farms were clustered according to the blood level of APPs. Ten extreme individuals（five APP＋ and APP-variants） from each farm were selected for the RNA-seq using the Illumina sequencing technology. Differentially expressed（DE） genes were analyzed using dynamic impact approach（DIA）and DAVID annotation clustering. Milk production data were statistically elaborated to assess the association of APP＋ and APP-gene expression patterns with variations in milk ***： The overall de novo assembly of cDNA sequence data generated 13,665 genes expressed in bovine blood cells. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 1,152 DE genes in the comparison of all APP＋ vs. all APP-variants; 531 and 217 DE genes specific for IH and IS comparison respectively. In all comparisons overexpressed genes were more represented than underexpressed ones. DAVID analysis revealed 369 DE genes across breeds, 173 and 73 DE genes in IH and IS comparison respectively. Among the most impacted pathways for both breeds were vitamin B6 metabolism, folate biosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and linoleic acid ***： Both DIA and DAVID approaches produced a high number of significantly impacted genes and pathways with a narrow connection to adaptive response in cows with high level of blood APPs. A similar variation in gene expression and impacted pathways between APP＋ and APP-variants was found between two studied breeds. Such similarity was also c

关键词： Acute phase proteins Adaptive response Dynamic impact approach(DIA) Hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal(HPA) axis RNA-Seq Stress response Transcriptomics

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In Vitroand in VivoEfficacy of an Experimental Compound against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplusTicks

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第1期4卷 41-45页

作者： Guadalupe Santillán-Velazquez Froylán Ibarra-Velarde Blas Flores Pérez Margarita Romero-Avila Yazmin Alcalá-Canto Héctor Salgado-Zamora Yolanda Vera Montenegro Department of Parasitology Veterinary Faculty of Medicin and Zootechnics National University Autonomus of Mexico Mexico City Mexico Faculty of Chemistry National University Autonomus of Mexico Mexico City Mexico Laboratory of Organic Chemistry School of Biological Sciences National Politechnic Institute Mexico City Mexico

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ixodicide efficacy of the experimental compound 712-BF-016 against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks in vitro and in cattle. The in vitro efficacy was initially tested against R. Boophilus microplus larvae using the Larval Packet Test (LPT). In a 2nd study the ixodicide efficacy was tested against adult ticks using the Adult Inmersion Test (AIT). Finally, a field test with the compound was carried out using 24 steers experimentally infested with R. (Boophilus) microplus ticks which were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each for treatment. Groups 1 and 2 received the experimental compound at concentrations of 16% and 20%, respectively, which were applied as an aspersion in a total volume of 4 liters/animal. Group 3 was equally treated but with a commercial ixodicide containing cipermethrin at a 16% concentration. Group 4 served as untreated control. The efficacy was measured on days 1, 2, 3 after treatment as the percentage of ticks present from the treated groups, relative to the ticks present in the untreated control. The results indicated a percentage mortality of 93.21% for LPT and 98.02% for AIT. The efficacy produced in cattle was 61.78%, 76.43% and 85.34% for groups 1, 2 y 3, respectively. It is concluded that there was no concordance between the results obtained in vitro with those found in cattle. Possibly the excipient used for the formulation of the experimental compound was not suitable and had some influence on the results.

关键词： Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Ixodicide LPT AIT Cattle

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Body condition score prior to parturition is associated with plasma and adipose tissue biomarkers of lipid metabolism and inflammation in Holstein cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 439-450页

作者： Abdulrahman Alharthi Zheng Zhou Vincenzo Lopreiato Erminio Trevisi Juan J.Loor Mammalian Nutri Physio Genomics Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois Animal and Veterinary Sciences Clemson University 146 Poole Agricultural Center Department of Health Science Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health Magna Gr?cia University of Catanzaro institute of zootechnics Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environmental Science Università Cattolica del S.Cuore

Background: Previous research has revealed a strong inflammatory response within adipose(AT) tissue during the transition into lactation. Whether this effect is a result of oxidative stress induced by lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation associated with differences in prepartum body condition score remains to be determined. The objectives of this study were to investigate systemic biomarkers of energy balance and inflammation and the expression of lipid metabolismand inflammation-related genes in AT during the transition period in dairy ***: Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were retrospectively divided by body condition score(BCS) prior to parturition into two groups(10 cows/group): BCS ≤ 3.25(Lo BCS) and BCS ≥ 3.75(Hi BCS). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was biopsied from the tail-head region at d-10, 7 and 20 relative to parturition. Plasma was used to evaluate biomarkers of energy balance(EBAL) [free fatty acids(NEFA), glycerol, insulin] and inflammation [IL-1β, haptoglobin, myeloperoxidase, and reactive oxygen metabolites(ROM)]. Although insulin concentration was not affected by BCS, NEFA was overal greater and glycerol lower in HiB CS cows. Greater activity of myeloperoxidase in plasma coincided with increased haptoglobin and IL-1β postpartum in LoB CS *** genes related with oxidative stress, the expression of the cytosolic antioxidant enzyme SOD1 was greater in LoB CS compared to HiB CS. Cows in LoB CS compared with HiB CS had greater overal expression of ABDH5 and ATGL along with ADIPOQ, indicating enhanced basal lipolysis and secretion of adiponectin. Expression of CPT1 A, ACADVL, and ACOX1 was greater overal in HiB CS than LoB CS indicating enhanced NEFA oxidation. Although the temporal increase in plasma NEFA regardless of BCS coincided with the profile of CPT1 A, the gradual decrease in genes related with reesterification of NEFA(PCK1) and glycerol efflux(AQP7) coupled with an increase in glycerol kinase(GK) suggested some stimulation of NEFA u

关键词： Body condition score Lipid mobilization Transition cow

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Turmeric and Vitamin E on the Performance and Quality of Eggs from White Layers

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 720-726页

作者： Christine Laganá Erika S. P. Braga Saldanha José Roberto Sartori Elisabeth Gonzales Renato Luis Luciano Greice Zanatta Vitor Barbosa Fascina Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios Polo Regional do Leste Paulista and UPD Brotas Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply to the State of S&#227 o Paulo (SAA) Monte Alegre do Sul Brazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and zootechnics State University of S&#227 o Paulo Botucatu Campus Botucatu Brazil Advanced Center for Poultry Agribusiness Technological Research of the Biological institute (SAA) Descalvado Brazil

A 112-day experiment was conducted to evaluate turmeric and vitamin E levels on the productive performance and quality of hen eggs. A total of 432 20-week-old white layers were used, distributed in an entirely randomized design, in a 4 × 3 factor scheme (turmeric extract levels and vitamin E levels), with 6 repetitions of 6 birds per cage. The treatments consisted of four levels of turmeric extract inclusion (0;0.1;0.2 and 0.3) and three levels of vitamin E inclusion (0;50 and 100 IU/kg). Egg quality was evaluated at each 28-day cycle through the variables specific gravity, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, shell percentage and thickness, Haugh unit, yolk index and staining, and production performance: weight, egg production and mass, feed intake, feed conversion (kg/kg;kg/dz), and mortality. The addition of vitamin E alone worsened feed intake, egg weight and feed conversion of layers. Turmeric added to 100 IU of Vit E improved egg mass indices, Haugh Unit and yolk index and intensified yolk staining. The amount of turmeric used in this experiment was not sufficient to improve the performance or egg quality of the birds.

关键词： Plant Extracts Productive Performance Phytogenic Additives

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Turmeric on Poultry Production: A Review

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1592-1601页

作者： Christine Laganá Erika S. P. Braga Saldanha José Roberto Sartori Patrícia Helena Nogueira Turco Elisabeth Gonzales Renato Luis Luciano Greice Zanatta Vitor Barbosa Fascina Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios Polo Regional do Leste Paulista and UPD Brotas Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply to the State of São Paulo (SAA) Monte Alegre do Sul Brazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and zootechnics Botucatu Campus State University of São Paulo Botucatu Brazil Advanced Center for Poultry Agribusiness Technological Research of the Biological institute (SAA) Descalvado Brazil

In the commercial poultry chain, a great diversity of production systems is found to meet the needs of the market, since the consumer has become increasingly aware of the importance of the relationship between diet and health, which has encouraged researchers and the food industry to develop products enriched with nutrients capable of producing beneficial effects on health. There has been increasing progress in research aimed at including viable alternative products, such as plant extracts, in poultry diets, which have been shown to have an antimicrobial and antioxidant action and to promote improvements in animal performance. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a popular medicinal herb, which shows a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antivenom, antinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antiprotozoal, and antiaging. The use of turmeric in poultry production has been reported by many researchers. The aim of this review is to describe and report the most recent research on the use of turmeric as feed supplement for birds and so its effect on animal health and welfare.

关键词： Plant Extracts Phytogenic Additives Curcumin Poultry Farming

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Laying Egg Production Supplemented with Antioxidants: An Economical View

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第5期10卷 665-670页

作者： Christine Laganá Erika Salgado Politi Braga Saldanha José Roberto Sartori Elisabeth Gonzales Patrícia Helena Nogueira Turco Renato Luis Luciano Greice Zanatta Adelina Azevedo Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios Polo Regional do Leste Paulista and UPD Brotas Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply to the State of S&#227 o Paulo (SAA) Monte Alegre do Sul Brazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and zootechnics State University of S&#227 o Paulo Botucatu Campus Botucatu Brazil Advanced Center for Poultry Agribusiness Technological Research of the Biological institute (SAA) Descalvado Brazil

A 112-day experiment was conducted to economically evaluate the production of eggs from commercial layers submitted to diets supplemented with levels of plant extracts (dried turmeric powder) added or not to vitamin E. A total of 432 20-week-old white layers were used, distributed in an entirely randomized design, in a 4 × 3 factor scheme (turmeric extract levels and vitamin E levels), with 6 repetitions of 6 birds per cage. The treatments consisted of four levels of turmeric extract inclusion (0;0.1%;0.2% and 0.3%) and three levels of vitamin E inclusion (0;50 and 100 IU/kg). The results calculated at work were favorable to the activity, and the items that most influenced the expenses in the effective production cost were: poultry, feed and labor, respectively. The best economic response in egg production was obtained by layers that consumed 100 IU/kg vitamin E and 0.2% turmeric;because the leveling point represents that the activity equals the revenues with the costs. The best profitability index was found in treatment that contained 50 IU/kg vitamin E and 0.1% turmeric com (16.78%).

关键词： Plant Extracts Phytogenic Additives Turmeric Vitamin E

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