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Effects of Dietary Changes on the Gut Microbiota of Cynops orientalis

Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 63-72页

作者： Yuting WANG Yuning XIE Siyu WU Wenwen ZHANG Xiner CHENG Zixuan LI Fangfei HAN Jiayi SHI Yingying SHI Zhirong HE Chunna ZHANG Yixin JIANG Na ZHAO Jiaqi LI Supen WANG College of Life Sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina Nanjing institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaNanjing 210042JiangsuChina School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of health for amphibians,and it has been fully recognized,but the effectiveness of various influencing factors has not yet been fully clarified.Although this association should be considered while the amphibian order Caudata is facing a severe situation of population decline and extinction,there is little understanding of the association between diets and the diversity of gut microbiota in the amphibian order Caudata.Here,we conducted an extensive analysis of the gut microbiota of Cynops orientalis fed different diets using functional prediction and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing techniques.First,we found that wild individuals had greater gut microbial diversity and richness in comparison to captive individuals.Second,we identified the bacterial taxa associated with diets and observed differences in the relative abundance of gut microbiota among people on various diets.Finally,we have a predictive comprehension of the selection and adaptative significance of shared core ASVs in the gut microbiota in maintaining the healthy survival of C.orientalis in a large-scale spatiotemporal map.Our study emphasizes how diets alter the gut microbiota of Caudata and offers fresh perspectives on the conservation and captive management of species in Caudata.

关键词： 16S rRNA Caudata core microbiota diet gut microbiota

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Advances in herpetological research emanating from China

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Zoological Research 2016年第1期37卷 4-6页

作者： Robert W.MURPHY the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution,Kunming institute of zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology,Royal Ontario Museum State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario Museum. bob.murphy@utoronto.ca.

The warming of Earth owing to human activities is resulting in an episode of mass extinction. If global warming is not abated quickly, up to one-fourth of the species on our planet will face extinction in only 35 years. The loss of biodiversity is more than just many species disappearing. It could signal the beginning of the collapse of our ecosystems because the loss of one species can trigger a domino effect. Among vertebrates, the so-called cold bloodied species--fishes, amphibians and reptiles--are the most threatened groups.

关键词： Advances in herpetological research emanating from China

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Configural processing of different topologically structured figures:an ERP Study

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第12期52卷 1198-1204页

作者： ZHANG JunJun1, ZHU WeiNa2,3,4, DING XiaoJun1, ZHOU ChangLe1, HU XinTian2,3 & MA YuanYe2,3· 1 Lab of Mind, Art and Computation, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China 2 Kunming institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1001001, China 4 School of Information Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650223, China Lab of Mind Art and Computation Xiamen University Xiamen China Kunming institute of zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Information Science Yunnan University Kunming China

According to Chen's theory, topological differences are perceived faster than feature differences in early visual perception. We hypothesized that topological perception is caused by the sensitivity in discriminating figures with and without "holes" . An ERP experiment was conducted utilizing a passive paradigm to investigate the differences in perceiving figures with "hole" and with "no-hole" . The results showed differences in N170 components between figures with "holes" and with "no-holes" . The inversion of the "hole" could influence the latency of N170, but the inversion of the "no-hole" could not, which indicated that global features are processed first in the "hole" perception whilst local features are given priority to the "no-hole" perception. This result was similar to studies concerning face and non-face objects, suggesting a configural processing of the "hole" .

关键词： visual evoked potential topological perception N170

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STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MOUTHPARTS OF TRICHOGRAMMA DENDROLIMI

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Science in China,Ser.A 1979年第8期 975-980页

作者：夏邦颖 institute of zoology Academia Sinica

This paper reports primarily on the structure of the mouthparts of Trichogramma dendrolimi observed mainly by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the mouthparts of Trichagramma are composed of a labrum, a pair of mandibles, a pair of maxillae, and a labium.Being large and strong, the mandibles bear incisors, sharp enough to break the chorions of parasitic eggs. It is worth noticing that the labium is specialized as a sucking tube for complementary nutritions, with a fuse of glossae and paraglossae in its front. There are 4 'taste rods' in the inner surface of the labium tube opening. The labium has 2 labial palpi, each of which is only one segment with 2 trichoid sensilla. The maxilla is composed of cardo, stipes, lacinia, and galea. On each of the maxillae there is a maxillary palpus, which is made up of one segment and has 3 trichoid sensilla.

关键词： STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MOUTHPARTS OF TRICHOGRAMMA DENDROLIMI PI

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Genetically modified pigs:Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 284-291页

作者： Xiao Wang Tian-Xia Liu Ying Zhang Liang-Wei Xu Shuo-Long Yuan A-Long Cui Wei-Wei Guo Yan-Fang Wang Shi-Ming Yang Jian-Guo Zhao State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230022China State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China

Hereditary hearing loss(HHL),a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function,significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for society.To investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes,appropriate animal models are necessary.Pigs have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical research.In this review,we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy,inner ear morphology,and electrophysiological characteristics,as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing loss.Additionally,we discuss the prospects,challenges,and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL research.Overall,this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.

关键词： Pigs Animal models Hereditary hearing loss Genetic modification Inner ear

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A STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE IN INSECT CELLS

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中国科学A辑(英文版) 1981年第1期 111-121页

作者：王宗舜钟香臣郭郛 institute of zoology Academia Sinica

This article is a summary of the studies on the structure of the nuclear envelope in ourlaboratory. The materials used are reproductive and somatic cells of insects. Whole-mountspread, in situ fixation technique and cytochemical assay are three main methods. The nuclear envelope consists of a bilayer membrane, numerous nuclear pore complexes(NPC) and a nuclear fibrous framework (NFF). The bilayer membrane is a real membranousstructure and each layer, either the inner or the outer nuclear membranes, is about 7-8 nm inthickness in sections. The thickness of the perinuclear space is about 20-40 nm. Changesin thickness of the perinuclear space reflect various functions of nuclei and local difference ina cell. The pore complex consists mainly of an annulus and a ring structure. An annulus has8 typical subunits which appear to be radially symmetrical in arrangement. The ring struc-ture is an even ring just inserted in the equator of the pore.According to the cytochemicalexamination, they might be regarded as

关键词： A STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE IN INSECT CELLS

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON CURING ELAPID BITE WITH TRYPSIN

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Science in China,Ser.A 1975年第3期 396-405页

作者：熊郁良邹如金侯意帝刘次全周瑆良李靖炎 Yunnan institute of zoology Kunming

The local injection of trypsin can be regarded as a new and effective therapy forvenomous snakebite. Our experiments indicate that when mice or dogs have been injected with the lethaldose of elapid venom subcutaneously, they can all survive and have no symptoms ofsystemic poisoning if necessary dose of trypsin is injected locally and promptly.Whenthe lethal dose of cobra venom is injected into mice, all of them can survive if trypsin isgiven within 15 minutes.And even if trypsin is given 20-50 minutes later,50-90% ofthe mice can avoid death. The prompt local injection of trypsin is found effective to cure elapid bite as well asantivenins and is a very 'broad spectrum' therapy having no specificity.There are nosevere side-effects when trypsin is injected locally.The production of trypsin is rathersimple and its preservation needs no special conditions.Trypsin can be put into pocketablefirst-aid auto-injector and can be used after snakebite the possible earlier time. Even though a rather long time has elapsed after snakebite, the local injection oftrypsin is still useful to destroy the large amount of venom stored in the tissues of thebitten area.

关键词： In EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON CURING ELAPID BITE WITH TRYPSIN oral CURE body

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE NEURAL INDUCTION IN AMPHIOXUS

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Science in China,Ser.A 1962年第6期 805-820页

作者：童第周吳尚懃叶毓芬 institute of Oceanology and institute of zoology Academia Sinica

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION In our experiment on the development of isolated blastomeres of Amphioxus (Tung, Wu and Tung), we found that in 135 instances of the experiment on isolating 4 animal blastomeres at the 8-cell stage, only three of them possessed neural tissues accompanied by a notochord or somites.We therefore suggested that the development of the neural tissue requires

关键词： EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE NEURAL INDUCTION IN AMPHIOXUS

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High association strengths are linked to phenotypic similarity,including plumage color and patterns,of participants in mixed-species bird flocks of southwestern China

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Current zoology 2024年第1期70卷 34-44页

作者： Liping Zhou Christos Mammides Youfang Chen Wenyi Zhou Wenzhang Dai Edward L.Braun Rebecca T.Kimball Yang Liu Scott K.Robinson Eben Goodale Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Kunming Natural History Museum of zoology Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Nature Conservation Unit Frederick University7Yianni Frederickou StreetPallouriotissaNicosia 1036Cyprus State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA School of Life Science and institute of Wetland Ecology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun-Yatsen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Health and Environmental Science Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Participants in mixed-species bird flocks(MSFs)have been shown to associate with species that are similar in body size,diet,and evolutionary history,suggesting that facilitation structures these assemblages.In addition,several studies have suggested that species in MsFs resemble each other in their plumage,but this question has not been systematically investigated for any MsF system.During the nonbreeding season of 2020 and 2021,we sampled 585 MSFs on 14 transects in 2 habitats of Tongbiguang Nature Reserve in western Yunnan Province,China.We performed social network analysis and the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to evaluate the effect of 4 species traits(body size,overall plumage color,distinctive plumage patterns,and diet)and evolutionary history on species association strength at the whole-MSF and within-MSF levels.All 41 significant relationships showed that species with stronger associations were more similar in their various traits.Body size had the strongest effect on association strength,followed by phylogeny,plumage patterns,and plumage color;diet had the weakest effect.Our results are consistent with the hypotheses that the benefits of associating with phenotypically similar species outweigh the potential costs of interspecific competition,and that trait matching can occur in plumage characteristics,albeit more weakly than in other traits.Several explanations exist as to why similarities in plumage may occur in MSFs,including that they could reduce predators'ability to target phenotypically"odd"individuals.Whether trait matching in plumage occurs through assortative processes in ecological time or is influenced by co-evolution requires furtherstudy.

关键词： co-evolution interaction networks mixed-species animal groups phenotypic similarity trait convergence

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ECDYSTEROIDS DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF OAK SILKWORM (Antheaea pernyi)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1987年第2期32卷 141-142页

作者：陈娥英王宗舜魏定义冯慧郭郛 institute of zoology Academia Sinica Beijing institute of zoology

The descriptions of moulting cycles in insect embryos have prompted some authors to examine whether or not embryonic moults were also controlled by the same hormones as larval and pupal moults. Lagueux et al. (1979) indicated that the fluctuations of the titre of free ecdysteroids in the egg during embryonic development of Locusta migratoria

关键词： pernyi Locusta embryonic descriptions insect hormones authentic fluctuation traces conjugate

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