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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第8期18卷 983-991页

作者： Yuhai Yang, Yaning Chen *, Weihong Li Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert Environment, Xinjiang institute of ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

This study was conducted on the desert riparian forest along the lower reach of the inland Tarim River, which is located in the arid region of Northwest *** plant species in 10 families were collected from five monitoring sections,and examined for the infection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The impact of different soil factors on AMF infection rate and intensity was compared using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. The results indicate that 11 species are AM and only 4 are non-AM plants. The estimated capacity of AMF infection depends on families of plants and also the parameters (infection rate, infection intensity, fungal spore density) used. The density of fungal spores was relatively higher in Phragmites communis and Populus euphratica in Graminaceae and Salicaceae families, *** infection rate was above 50%in all the AM plants,except Calligonum *** highest infection rate appeared in Alhagi sparsifolia (97%) and Glycyrrhiza inflata (92%). However, when compared by AMF infection intensity, Tamarix spp. became the top one, followed by Alhagi sparsifolia, and Glycyrrhiza inflata was in the middle range of all the species. The PCA has identified that soil total salt, moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen, total P, available K and pH were closely associated with the AMF infection.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhiza Infection Ecological restoration Desert riparian forest Soil

Biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of 16 riparian woody plant species in Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 773-778页

作者： Shuai Yu Wei Chen Xingyuan He Zhouli Liu Yanqing Huang State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Our research focused on eutrophication control and species screening for riparian zone vegetation restoration in the upstream reach of the Hun River. We studied 16 hardwood plant species to investigate nutrient concentrations and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulations. After about 120 days of growth in pots, these 16 species varied in dry matter biomass, ranging from 15.13 to 637.16 g. Total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） concentrations and distribution in roots, stems and foliage differed both within and between tested species. Mean TN and TP accumulation ranged from 0.167 to 14.730 g per plant and from 0.016 to 1.20 g, respectively. All 16 species, but especially Lespedeza bicolor, Robinia pseudoacacia and Sorbaria sorbifolia had strong potential to remove TN and TP from soil and could be widely utilized for the restora- tion of destroyed riparian zones in northeast China.

关键词： Nitrogen phosphorous ecological restoration foliage

Diversity of soil bacteria and fungi communities in artificial forests of the sandy-hilly region of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第1期15卷 109-126页

作者： GOU Qianqian MA Gailing QU Jianjun WANG Guohua College of Geographical Sciences Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Laboratory of watershed Hydrology and ecology Linze Inland River Basin Comprehensive Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkNorthwest Institute of Ecology and Environmental ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Soil erosion is a serious issue in the sandy-hilly region of Shanxi Province,Northwest *** has been gradual improvement due to vegetation restoration,but soil microbial community characteristics in different vegetation plantation types have not been widely *** address this,we analyzed soil bacterial and fungal community structures,diversity,and microbial and soil environmental factors in Caragana korshinskii Kom.,Populus tomentosa Carr.,Populus simonii Carr.,Salix matsudana Koidz,and Pinus tabulaeformis *** were no significant differences in the dominant bacterial community compositions among the five forest *** alpha diversity of the bacteria and fungi communities showed that ACE(abundance-based coverage estimator),Chao1,and Shannon indices in *** forest were significantly higher than those in the other four forest types(P<0.05).Soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and urease had a greater impact on bacterial community composition,while total nitrogen,β-glucosidase,and urease had a greater impact on fungal community *** relative abundance of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms was similar across all forest *** on microbial community composition,diversity,and soil fertility,we ranked the plantations from most to least suitable as follows:***,***,***,***,and ***.

关键词： microbial community composition artificial forest bacteria fungi diversity sandy-hilly region

Effects of soil moisture on cotton root length density and yield under drip irrigation with plastic mulch in Aksu Oasis farmland

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第4期2卷 243-249页

作者： Yilihamu Yimamu Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

Effects of soil moisture on cotton root length density (total root length per unit soil volume) and yield under drip irrigation with plastic mulch were studied through field experiments. The results indicate that spatial distributions of root length density of cotton under various water treatments were basically similar. Horizontally, both root length densities of cotton in wide and narrow rows were similar, and higher than that between mulches. Vertically, root length density of cotton decreased with increasing soil depth. The distribution of root length density is different under different irrigation treatments. In conditions of over-irrigation, the root length density of cotton between mulches would increase. However, it would decrease in both the wide rows and narrow rows. The mean root length density of cotton increased with increasing irrigation water. Water stress caused the root length density to increase in lower soil layers. There is a significant correlation between root length density and yields of cotton at the flower-boll and wadding stages. The regression between irrigation amount and yield of cotton can be expressed as y = -0.0026x2+18.015x-24845 (R2 = 0.959). It showed that the irrigation volume of 3,464.4 m3/hm2 led to op-timal root length density. The yield of cotton was 6,360 .8 kg/hm2 under that amount of irrigation.

关键词： drip irrigation under plastic mulch soil moisture cotton root length density

Monitoring variations of inland lakes in the arid region of Central Asia

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第2期6卷 147-156页

作者： Jie BAI Xi CHEN Liao YANG Hui FANG State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Inland lakes are the major surface water resource in the arid regions of Central Asia. Therefore, the surface area changes in inland lakes have been a sensitive indicator of climate changes and human activ- ities, and have often been the focus of ecological and environmental research. This study aimed to monitor the changes in surface area of nine major lakes over a 32-year period. The water body was extracted from MSS images from the mid-1970s, TM images from the early 1990s, ETM ＋ images in the late 1990s, and TM images in 2007. The results indicated that the total surface area of these nine lakes had decreased over time to 50.38% of the area, from 91402.06km^2 in 1975 to 46049.23 km^2 in 2007. As the surface area of lakes in the western part of Central Asia was larger than that in the eastern part, the shrinking trend of lake area was more significant in the west than in the east. There was a varied reduction of closed lakes in flat regions. The most substantial decrease was in the surface area of closed lakes in flat regions. Most significantly, the area of the Aral Sea was reduced by 75.7% from its original area in 1975. The area of alpine lakes remained relatively stable; the change in surface area was less than 0.7% during the period 1975-2007. The area change in opened lakes with outlets was notably different from the other two types. The area of Zaysan had increased sharply by 5.85%, and that of Bosten had decreased by 9.1%. Sasykkol had hardly any changes in this period. Due to global climate wanning, vapor transfer to the south via westerly winds had been blocked, resulting in a decrease of much-needed precipitation in the western parts of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan between 1970 and 2000. The decrease in precipitation and the increase in water consumption for agricultural irrigation resulted in the decrease of fiver runoff. Consequently, thearea of inland lakes in Central Asia shrank over the past 32 years.

关键词： Central Asia inland lake area change climatechange

Previously unknown behavior in parasitic cuckoo females:male-like vocalization during migratory activity

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Avian Research 2021年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Swetlana G.Meshcheryagina Alexey Opaev institute of Plant and Animal ecology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesEkaterinburgRussia A.N.Severtsov institute of ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia

Background:In the last decade,enigmatic male-like cuckoo calls have been reported several times in East *** calls exhibited a combination of vocal traits of both Oriental Cuckoo(Cuculus optatus)and Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)advertising calls,and some authors therefore suggested that the enigmatic calls were produced by either Common×Oriental Cuckoo male hybrids or Common Cuckoo males having a gene ***,the exact identity of calling birds are still ***:We recorded previously unknown male-like calls from three captive Oriental Cuckoo females,and compared these calls with enigmatic vocalizations recorded in the wild as well as with advertising vocalizations of Common and Oriental Cuckoo *** achieve this,we measured calls ***,we video-recorded captive female emitting male-like calls,and compared these recordings with the YouTube recordings of calling males of both Common and Oriental Cuckoos to get insight into the mechanism of call ***:The analysis showed that female male-like calls recorded in captivity were similar to enigmatic calls recorded in the ***,Oriental Cuckoo females might produce the latter *** features of these female calls appeared to be unusual among ***,females produced male-like calls at the time of spring and autumn migratory activity and on migration in the *** of this,functional significance of this call remained ***,the male-like female call unexpectedly combined features of both closed-mouth(closed beak and simultaneous inflation of the‘throat sac')and open-mouth(prominent harmonic spectrum and the maximum neck extension observed at the beginning of a sound)vocal ***:The Cuculus vocalizations outside the reproductive season remain poorly ***,we found for the first time that Oriental Cuckoo females can produce male-like calls in that *** of its rarity,this call might be an ***,fe

关键词： Closed-mouth vocal behavior Cuckoo call Cuculus optatus Female song Male-like vocalization

Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of ecosystem services in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： YAN Xue LI Lanhai State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Ili Station for watershed Ecosystem Research Chinese Academy of SciencesXinyuan 835800China CAS Research Centre for ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone Urumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Land use/land cover(LULC)change and climate change are two major factors affecting the provision of ecosystem services which are closely related to human ***,a clear understanding of the relationships between these two factors and ecosystem services in Central Asia is still *** study aimed to comprehensively assess ecosystem services in Central Asia and analyze how they are impacted by changes in LULC and *** spatiotemporal patterns of three ecosystem services during the period of 2000-2015,namely the net primary productivity(NPP),water yield,and soil retention,were quantified and mapped by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA)model,Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model,and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE).Scenarios were used to determine the relative importance and combined effect of LULC change and climate change on ecosystem ***,the relationships between climate factors(precipitation and temperature)and ecosystem services,as well as between LULC change and ecosystem services,were further *** results showed that the high values of ecosystem services appeared in the southeast of Central *** the six biomes(alpine forest region(AFR),alpine meadow region(AMR),typical steppe region(TSR),desert steppe region(DSR),desert region(DR),and lake region(LR)),the values of ecosystem services followed the order of AFR>AMR>TSR>DSR>DR>*** addition,the values of ecosystem services fluctuated during the period of 2000-2015,with the most significant decreases observed in the southeast mountainous area and northwest of Central *** change had a greater impact on the NPP,while climate change had a stronger influence on the water yield and soil *** combined LULC change and climate change exhibited a significant synergistic effect on ecosystem services in most of Central ***,ecosystem services were more strongly and positively correlated with precipitation

关键词： ecosystem services land use/land cover change climate change net primary productivity water yield soil retention Central Asia

Mechanisms of Optimal Defense Patterns in Nicotiana attenuata: Flowering Attenuates Herbivory-elicited Ethylene and Jasmonate Signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第12期53卷 971-983页

作者： Celia Diezel Silke Allmann Ian T.Baldwin Department of Molecular ecology Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena 07745 Germany Department of Plant Physiology Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences Amsterdam 1098 XH the Netherlands

To defend themselves against herbivore attack, plants produce secondary metabolites, which are variously inducible and constitutively deployed, presumably to optimize their fitness benefits in light of their fitness costs. Three phytohormones, jasmonates （JA） and their active forms, the JA-isoleucine （JA-Ile） and ethylene （ET）, are known to play central roles in the elicitation of induced defenses, but little is known about how this mediation changes over ontogeny. The Optimal Defense Theory （ODT） predicts changes in the costs and benefits of the different types of defenses and has been usefully extrapolated to their modes of deployment. Here we studied whether the herbivore-induced accumulation of JA, JA-Ile and ET changed over ontogeny in Nicotiana attenuata, a native tobacco in which inducible defenses are particularly well studied. Herbivore-elicited ET production changed dramatically during six developmental stages, from rosette through flowering, decreasing with the elongation of the first corollas during flower development. This decrease was largely recovered within a day after flower removal by decapitation. A similar pattern was found for the herbivore-induced accumulation of JA and JA-Ile. These results are consistent with ODT predictions and suggest that the last steps in floral development control the inducibility of at least three plant hormones, optimizing defense-growth tradeoffs.

关键词： flowering jasmonic acid jasmonic acid-isoleucine ethylene Manduca sexta Nicotiana attenuata ontogeny optimal defense theory plant-herbivore interactions.

High genetic diversity in the endangered and narrowly distributed amphibian species Leptobrachium leishanense

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第5期10卷 465-481页

作者： Wei ZHANG Zhenhua LUO Mian ZHAO Hua WU institute of Evolution and ecology International Research Centre of Ecology and EnvironmentSchool of Life SciencesCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Threatened species typically have a small or declining population size,which make them highly susceptible to loss of genetic diversity through genetic drift and *** diversity determines the evolutionary potential of a species;therefore,maintaining the genetic diversity of threatened species is essential for their *** this study,we assessed the genetic diversity of the adaptive major histocompatibility complex(MHC)genes in an endangered and narrowly distributed amphibian species,Leptobrachium leishanense in Southwest *** compared the genetic variation of MHC class I genes with that observed in neutral markers(5 microsatellite loci and cytochrome b gene)to elucidate the relative roles of genetic drift and natural selection in shaping the current MHC polymorphism in this *** found a high level of genetic diversity in this population at both MHC and neutral markers compared with other threatened amphibian *** positive selection was evident in the MHC class I *** higher allelic richness in MHC markers compared with that of microsatellite loci suggests that selection rather than genetic drift plays a prominent role in shaping the MHC variation pattern,as drift can affect all the genome in a similar way but selection directly targets MHC *** demographic analysis revealed no recent bottleneck events in ***,additional population decline will accelerate the dangerous status for this *** suggest that the conservation management of *** should concentrate on maximizing the retention of genetic diversity through preventing their continuous population *** their living habitats and forbidding illegal hunting are the most important measures for conservation of ***.

关键词： demography process genetic diversity major histocompatibility complex natural selection Leptobrachium leishanense

Contribution of Root Respiration to Total Soil Respiration in a Cotton Field of Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 223-228页

作者： ZHAO Zhi-Min ZHAO Cheng-Yi Y.YILIHAMU LI Ju-Yan LI Jun State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

To measure the contribution of root respiration (Rr) to total soil respiration (Rt) in arid cotton fields, eighteen plots, nine for girdling and nine control, were built in an arid cotton field in the Aksu National Experimental Station of Oasis Farmland Ecosystem, Xinjiang of China. Given the difference of soil respiration between girdled plots and non-girdled control plots, the components of soil respiration, root respiration (Rr) and respiration originating from decomposition (Rd) were divided. The temperature sensitivities of R r and R d were analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the average contribution of R r to R t in arid cotton field was about 32% during the study period. The temperature-response curve of R r differed from that of Rd . The dynamic variation of R d was more related to the change of soil temperature as compared to Rr . Rr and Rd had different responses to the variation of environment, and thus new models capable of differentiating between Rr and Rd are needed for evaluating the different factors controlling these two components of soil respiration in arid cotton field.

关键词： abiotic factor decomposition girdling phenological phase temperature response value