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The broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the later period of Late Pleistocene of China—Perspectives from the zooarchaeological studies

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第8期59卷 1529-1539页

作者： ZHANG ShuangQuan ZHANG Yue LI Jing Shu GAO Xing Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences

During the climatic fluctuations in the late Late Pleistocene, hominins in China had experienced some significant changes and adaptations in terms of subsistence strategies. Based on the zooarchaeological analyses of the faunal remains from the Shuidougou site of North China and the Ma'anshan site of South China, the present study demonstratively indicates that the broad-spectrum diet and its closely-related resource intensification for hominins were already at their places roughly at 33–35 cal ka BP. Compared to hominins of earlier period, who would have preferentially exploited large and medium-sized ungulates, hunter-gathers at later period had otherwise incorporated more small-sized animals(especially the quick ones, such as birds and hares) into their diet. Meanwhile, hominins of the later time had also greatly accelerated extractions and exploitations of the nutritional yields from the large and medium-sized animals. However, it seems clear from the current study that there was significant difference regarding the potential mechanisms for the broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the late Late Pleistocene of China.

关键词： Late Late Pleistocene Paleolithic Taphonomy Zooarchaeology Broad-spectrum revolution Resource intensification

Evolution of Chinese mammalian faunal regions and elevation of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1246-1258页

作者： QIU Zhuding LI Chuankui institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

On the basis of mammal’s high evolutionary rates and sensitivity to environment, this paper deals with the evolutionary history of the Chinese Cenozoic mammals and environ-mental changes, and explores the relationship between the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the evolution of zoogeographic provinces of China, through studying fossil mammal and the lithological characters of fossil-bearing beds. Evolutionary tendency and distribution of the mam-mals demonstrate that the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang region, onset of the Asian monsoon and differentiation of the mammalian distribution probably initiated in Oligocene. The elevation of the Plateau seems to be a gradual and relatively stable process, and the uplift not only has resulted in significant environmental changes in Asia, but also caused distinct regional differentiation of mammals in China since the middle Miocene, and as a consequence the modern zoogeographic provinces gradually took shape.

关键词： Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, Cenozoic, zoogeographic provinces, mammals.

A Middle Triassic stem-neopterygian fish from China sheds new light on the peltopleuriform phylogeny and internal fertilization

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Science Bulletin 2016年第22期61卷 1766-1774页

作者： Guang-Hui Xu Xin-Ying Ma Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Internal fertilization and viviparity are easily observed and well studied in living neopterygian fishes(14teleostean families), but they are difficult to identify in extinct taxa due to the limitation of the fossil record. The Peltopleuriformes from the Middle to Late Triassic of Europe and South China are a stem group of Neopterygii that may have first evolved internal fertilization and viviparity in this clade because they show a highly modified anal fin in presumed males resembling the intromittent organ in living viviparous teleosts. Until recently, Peltopleurus lissocephalus and P. rugosus from the Ladinian/Anisian boundary(*242 Ma) of Monte San Giorgio area in Switzerland and Italy represent the oldest record of Peltopleuriformes, and the phylogenetic interrelationships of this group remain controversial. Here, we report the discovery of a new peltopleuriform, Peltopleurus nitidus sp. nov., based on eleven well-preserved specimens from the early Middle Triassic(Pelsonian, Anisian, *244 Ma)of Luoping, eastern Yunnan, China. The discovery documents the oldest convincing peltopleuriform, extending the geological range of this clade by proximately two million years. Results of the phylogenetic analysis recover *** at the base of Peltopleuridae, and provide robust support for the sister-group relationships of Peltopleuridae with Thoracopteridae within the Peltopleuriformes. The male anal fin of P. nitidus shows a primitive condition unknown in other peltopleuriforms. Comparative studies of the male anal fin in P. nitidus and other peltopleuriforms shed new light on the internal fertilization in this group.

关键词： Sexual dimorphism Viviparity Peltopleuridae Thoracopteridae Triassic

Some problems on the studies of the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1233-1241页

作者： LIU Wu(institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China) [a]institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

For the past two decades, studies and debates on the modern human origins around the world have attracted attentions to the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations, and some controversial hypotheses and problems have been proposed. In the present paper, some problems on the late Pleistocene human evolution, and the formation and differentiations of modern human populations in China are studied with a brief description and comments on the research advances in this field.

关键词： late Pleistocene human evolution formation and differentiation of modern human population paleoanthropology.

Occurrences of warm-adapted mammals in north China over the Quaternary Period and their paleoenvironmental significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第9期50卷 1327-1340页

作者： TONG HaoWen institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

The north and south China faunas are subdivided along the line of Huaihe River-Qinling Mountains- Hengduan Mountains-Himalayas, to the north is the Palearctic Region, and to the south is the Oriental Region, which is the result of long-time evolution. Hundreds of Quaternary fossil localities have been known up to now, more than 60 of which contain warm-adapted elements which can be referred to 20 species. Among the warm-adapted elements appearing in north China, Hystrix, Macaca, Palaeoloxodon, Dicerorhinus and Bubalus are the most frequently recorded genera. There are three kinds of causal explanation about the frequent appearance of warm-adapted elements in north China: The first hy- pothesis attributed them to the dispersal events of warm-adapted mammals from the south during warm stages or warm seasons; the second scenario thinks that these warm-adapted mammals in north China were once derived there in situ and subsequently emigrated to the south with the cooling down of the global climate; the last hypothesis believes that these warm-adapted elements were not real warm-climate animals at that time. This study shows that almost none of the warm-adapted mammals in north China was recovered in the loess, and also almost all of the fossil localities which bear warm-adapted mammals fall within the warm temperate zone of nowadays. In fossil assemblage, those warm-adapted elements rarely co-exist with the cold-adapted mammals. All these evidences mentioned above indicate that the warm-adapted mammals in north China represent warm climate, but not hot one. Because all these warm-adapted mammals are widely distributed oriental elements, some of them even still exist north of the Huaihe River today. Up to now, no typical oriental elements have ever been re- covered in north China, such as pangolin, primitive primates (e.g. loris and tarsier), big apes (e.g. Gi- gantopithecus, Pongo and Hylobates), etc. The Late Pleistocene lasted a relatively shorter time, but the appeara

关键词： mammals,oriental elements,north China,Quaternary,paleoenvironment

Bone gain and loss: insights from genomes and fossils

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National Science Review 2014年第4期1卷 490-492页

作者： Min Zhu institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the human body,bones are dynamic and highly tuned organs that allow eicient movement,protect vital organs and house the bone marrow[1].Among the four skeletal tissue types(bone,dentine,enamel,cartilage)in vertebrates,bone is the most distinct and diversiied mineralized tissue that is paterned to provide maximal strength with minimal mass[2].Based on the bone formation or ossiication types in the embryos and young

关键词： Gln Pro In insights from genomes and fossils Bone gain and loss bone

SKULL MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRITYLODONT GENUS BIENOTHEROIDES OF SICHUAN

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Science in China,Ser.B 1984年第9期27卷 970-984页

作者：孙艾玲 institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Academia Sinica Beijing

Bienotheroides wanhsienensis, known as the latest, representative of the tritylodont groupis characterized by the very short snout, largely covered maxilla and wide and flat basi-parasphenoid region, as compared with the others. In this paper the evolutionary changesof the osteology and venous system of the ear region from cynodonts to tritylodonts aredescribed and the growth and replacement of the postcanine teeth and the occlusion of thisanimal are discussed.

关键词： SKULL MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRITYLODONT GENUS BIENOTHEROIDES OF SICHUAN view

A NEW FOSSIL BIRD FROM LOWER CRETACEOUS OF GANSU AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF BIRDS

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Science in China,Ser.B 1984年第12期27卷 1296-1303页

作者：侯连海刘智成 institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Academia Sinica Beijing

The new order of aves, Gansuiformes, is established on the basis of the fossil specimens,including a tibiotarsus and a tarsometatarsus with four complete digits derived from the LowerCretaceous of Yumen, Gansu Province. The new bird probably represents the oldest one incontinental deposits. As Archaeopteryx is now considered as the ancestor of all landbirds,Gansus, the new bird is supposed to be the ancestor of shorebirds and waterbirds. Gansui-formes is similar to Charadriformes and some waterbirds in certain characters.

关键词： view A NEW FOSSIL BIRD FROM LOWER CRETACEOUS OF GANSU AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF BIRDS than

A new pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea, Tapejaridae) from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western Liaoning, China and its implications for biostratigraphy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第1期48卷 16-23页

作者： WANG Xiaolin & ZHOU Zhonghe institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Xiaolin (e-mail: xlinwang @***) institute of vertebrate Paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In this article we describe a new and excep-tionally well-preserved pterodactyloid pterosaur, Sinopterus dongi gen. et sp. nov. from the Jiufotang Formation in west-ern Liaoning Province of northeast China. The new species is referred to the family Tapejaridae, representing its first re-cord outside Brazil. It also represents the earliest occurrence as well as the most complete skeleton of the family. Some revisions are made about the family according to the mor-phological observations of the postcranial bones of Sinop-terus. Two pterosaur assemblages appear to have existed in the Jehol Group, represented by the lower Yixian Formation and upper Jiufotang Formation, respectively. The lower pterosaur assemblage shows some resemblance to that of the Late Jurassic in Solnhofen (Tithonian) by sharing members of the Pterodactylidae and Anurognathidae. The upper one shows more resemblance to that of the Early Cretaceous Santana Formation (Aptian/Albian) by comprising only pterodactyloids such as the Tapejaridae. The age of the Yixian Formation is younger than that of the Solnhofen lithographic limestone, and the age of the Jiufotang Forma-tion (Aptian) is slightly older than the Santana Formation.

关键词：辽西朝阳热河组生物地层白垩纪翼龙化石