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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 362-374页

作者： Egor Smirnov Sergei Dunaenko Sergei Kudinov institute for Design and urban studies ITMO UniversitySaint PetersburgRussia

When arranging the pedestrian infrastructure,one of the most important components that make a tangible contribution to the safety of pedestrians is to organize the safe road *** cities,pedestrians often cross a road in the wrong place due to established routes or inadequate location of *** with the participation of pedestrians who crossed the road neglecting the traffic rules,make up a significant part of the total amount of road *** this paper,we propose a method that allows us,on the basis of the results of a computer simulation of pedestrian traffic,to obtain predicted routes for road crossing and to indicate optimal locations for crosswalks that take into account established pedestrian routes and increase their *** work describes an extension for the existing AntRoadPlanner simulation algorithm,which searches for and clusters points where pedestrians cross the roadway and suggests locations for new *** method was tested on the basis of a comparative simulation of several territories before and after its application,as well as on the basis of a field study of the *** developed algorithm can also be used to search for other potentially dangerous places for pedestrians on plans of districts,for example,crossings in places with limited visibility.

关键词： Agent-based modeling computer simulation pedestrian traffic simulation ant road planner pedestrian infrastructure crosswalks pedestrian safety

Decision making module based on stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 202-209页

作者： Yifan Miao Li Zhao Yajun Zhang Zhe Yuan Center for Advanced Quantum studies and Department of Physics Beijing Normal University institute for Nanoelectric Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan University

In biological neural systems, noise is ubiquitous but does not affect the correct decisions made in the complex cognitive ***-making in biological neural system is typically achieved by accumulating input information over a period of *** by recent developments in neurosciences, we design a decision-making module based on spintronic devices, utilizing superparamagnetic tunnel junctions as artificial neurons. The feasibility of this decision-making module is verified through circuit simulations. Taking a multi-layer perceptron as an example, the module significantly improves the accuracy of the perceptron in the handwritten digit recognition task. Furthermore, the spintronic decision-making module offers advantages over the conventional pooling methods, such as adaptive decision time, high performance and the absence of analog-to-digital conversion. The decision-making module is flexible to be integrated into artificial neural networks and provides a general yet effective solution to enhance performance against device noise.

关键词： neuromorphic computing spintronics magnetic tunnel junction neural networks

The Difficulties and Achievements of China's Ecological Environment Construction:1949-2019

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2019年第4期7卷 6-25页

作者： PAN Jiahua institute for urban and Environmental studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

China’s ecological environment construction has undergone three phases,*** agriculturebased development phase with low productivity not long after the founding of the People ’s Republic of China(P.R.C.),the industrial development phase after the adoption of reform and opening-up policy,and the phase toward ecological civilization,each of which has its own features,challenges,responsive measures and *** the year 1949 to the adoption of reform and opening up policy,the Chinese society was characterized by farming culture on the whole,facing problems such as frequent natural disasters,shortage in food production and low urbanization *** jump out of the Malthusian Trap,the founders of the *** people to prevent floods by water control,water conservancy projects and reclamation of wasteland,which alleviated but did not solve the problems because China still suffered poverty and backwardness,and failed to shake off the Malthusian *** the adoption of the reform and opening-up policy,the rapid progress in industrialization and urbanization has liberated farmers from land and greatly improved labor productivity;meanwhile,some lands were released from farmers’ hand,which not only made the value of land resources much higher but also enabled land rehabilitation and ecological *** rapid industrialization and urbanization enormously boosted productive forces and accumulated immense amount of material wealth,but since the beginning of the 21 st century,China’s development has been drawn near to the ecological red line,environmental threshold and resources upper limit of industrial development,constantly challenged by sustainable *** 2010,China has initiated the transformation to ecological civilization,featuring ecological protection,pollution control and resource conservation,aiming to promote the harmonious development between man and nature.

关键词： Eco-civilization construction reform and opening-up resource conservation pollution control ecological protection

From Ecological Imbalance to Ecological Civilization:The Process of China's Green Transformation Over 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up and Its Outlook

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2019年第3期7卷 6-22页

作者： PAN Jiahua institute for urban and Environmental studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

China’s reform and opening up is an all-round transformation and development. The harmonious coexistence of man and nature is the foundation and starting point of social and economic development, and the future direction of human society. Reform and opening up does not come from nowhere, and green development is a product and need of historical development. Before the reform and opening up, the conflict between man and nature caused ecological imbalance induced by the destruction of nature that aimed to meet basic food needs under the conditions of low productivity in a traditional agricultural society. The 40 years of reform and opening up have seen the initial completion of industrialization and urbanization in compressed time. During this process, the conflict between man and nature has evolved into expensive material consumption and ever-expanding desire for non-material enjoyments, leading to the pollution crisis endangering humans’ living environment and natural sustainability. On the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up policy, it is necessary to understand this evolution process. By summarizing the achievements and discerning the problems of green transformation, this paper analyzes the direct and internal impetus, explores the theoretical basis and shares the outlook on future development.

关键词： 40 years of reform and opening up green transformation ecological imbalance ecological civilization

Reflections on Paradigm Shift in urban System Reconstruction

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2019年第2期7卷 76-91页

作者： PAN Jiahua institute for urban and Environmental studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

In the era of agricultural civilization, the city size and layout adapted to nature and natural productivity; while in the era of industrial civilization, the constraints of natural productivity were broken by technological means, and the increasing returns to scale have enabled the urban population size to exceed 10 million and the urban population density to exceed 10,000people/km;. Under the paradigm of industrial civilization, the spatial agglomeration of resources is driven by economic rationality. Besides, China’s urban hierarchy has become a barrier and further strengthened the polarization trend of city size, resulting in an urban system in which the cities at higher administrative levels concentrate a lot of resources while suffering from prominent urban diseases, small-and medium-sized cities lack development vitality, and urban and rural areas are separated from each other. The historical experience that the flow of resource factors between urban and rural areas facilitates a relatively balanced spatial distribution of quality resources is worth learning. Under the paradigm of ecological civilization, it is important to harmonize humans with nature in the transformation and reconstruction by pursuing nature-based solutions, and build a low-carbon, resilient, and coordinated urban system.

关键词： urban system urban–rural synergies free flow of factors transformation and reconstruction

Theoretical Understanding of and Practice Path for Building an Ecological Economic System

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2019年第4期7卷 105-120页

作者： CHEN Hongbo institute for urban and Environmental studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The economic system aimed at integrating industries and ecosystems is one of the five major systems for building an ecological *** is an ecological economic system?It is an economic system that can keep economic growth ecologically neutral,*** economic system that can maintain high-speed economic growth by following ecological and economic rules and without destabilizing ecosystems,so as to meet people’s ever-growing needs for a better *** features include minimum impacts on ecosystems and maximal eco-economic benefits,zerocarbon renewable energy as drivers,efficient connection between clean production and ecological industrial chains,equal stress on economical,non-waste material consumption and diversified non-material *** practice,building an ecological economic system requires the establishment of a market system based on reflecting the scarcity of ecological elements,a technology support system relying on ecological innovation,a modern ecological industry system oriented to high-quality development,an investment system targeted at ecological capital gain and value realization,and a performance evaluation system guided by eco-efficiency and ***,it is also required to establish and improve the property right system for ecological assets,study and formulates guiding policies for industries,speed up the eco-friendly reform of tax system,strengthen the innovation of green financial system and strictly observe the ecological red line.

关键词： Ecological economic system theoretical understanding practice path ecologically neutral economic growth institutional mechanism

The Agricultural Heritage Value of the Polder System in Gaochun,Nanjing

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Built Heritage 2019年第1期3卷 47-58页

作者： Bohan Tang Xuqiang Zhan Jie Zhang institute of Architecture and urban studies Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Polder is a unique form of reclaimed farmland steeped in human history of long-term adaptation to *** embodies traditional agricultural technologies,water conservancy technologies and the culture of the agricultural society,providing great value in terms of agricultural *** polder system in Gaochun,Nanjing was born out of the exploitation and use of the lakeside intertidal zone and is a typical example of Jianghuai polders in the Yangtze River delta ***,because of neglect of its heritage value,the Gaochun polder system is facing the impact of farmland modernisation,and it is urgent to affirm its value and implement dynamic *** research explores the historical development and spatial features of the Gaochun polder system,and evaluates its heritage value within the framework of GIAHS(Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems)from aspects of(1)food and livelihood security;(2)agro-biodiversity;(3)local and traditional knowledge systems;4)cultures,value systems and social organisations;and 5)landscapes *** on our recognition of the agricultural heritage value of the Gaochun polder system,we put forward suggestions for its dynamic conservation and adaptive management while maintaining its productive functions.

关键词： polder Gaochun farmland water conservancy agricultural heritage GIAHS

The characteristics of clusters of weather and extreme climate events in China during the past 50 years

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第1期21卷 549-557页

作者： Yang Ping Hou Wei Feng Guo-Lin institute of urban Meteorology China Metrology AdministrationBeijing 100089China Laboratory for Climate studies China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The pick-up algorithm by the k-th order cluster for the closest distance is used in the fields of weather and climactic events, and the technical terms clustered index and high clustered region are defined to investigate their temporal and spatial distribution characteristics in China during the past 50 years. The results show that the contribution of extreme high-temperature event clusters changed in the period from the 1960s to the 1970s, and its strength was enhanced. On the other hand, the decreasing trend in the clusters of low-temperature extremes can be taken as a signal for warmer winters to follow in the decadal time scale. Torrential rain and heavy rainfall clusters have both been lessened in the past 50 years, and have different cluster characteristics because of their definitions. Regions with high clustered indexes are concentrated in southern China. The spatial evolution of the heavy rainfall clusters reveals that clustered heavy rainfall has played an important role in the rain-belt pattern over China during the last 50 years.

关键词： extreme event clusters decadal clustered index

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Essence of Eco-Civilization Construction for a New Era

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2019年第2期7卷 140-142页

作者： ZHUANG Guiyang institute for urban and Environmental studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

It was stated in the report delivered at the Nineteenth National Congress of the Community Party of China(CPC) that “socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era”,demonstrating China’s confidence in its road, theory, system and culture. And this important judgment has provided the theoretical guidance and fundamental principle for realizing socialist modernization and rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In this context,

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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition effect of fine particulate matter from the Yangtze River Delta region in China on human bronchial epithelial cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 155-164页

作者： Yulang Chi Qiansheng Huang Yi Lin Guozhu Ye Huimin Zhu Sijun Dong Center for Excellence in urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that fine particulate matter（PM（2.5）） exposure causes airway inflammation, which may lead to lung cancer. The activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition（EMT） is assumed to be a crucial step in lung tumor metastasis and development. We assessed the EMT effect of low concentrations（0, 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/m L）of PM（2.5） organic extract on a human bronchial epithelial cell line（BEAS-2 B）. PM（2.5） samples were collected from three cities（Shanghai, Ningbo, and Nanjing） in the Yangtze River Delta（YRD） region in autumn 2014. BEAS-2 B cells were exposed to the PM（2.5） extract to assess cell viability, invasion ability as well as the relative m RNA and protein expressions of EMT markers. Our findings revealed that BEAS-2 B cells changed from the epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype after exposure. In all groups, PM（2.5） exposure dose-dependently decreased the expression of E-cadherin and increased the expression of Vimentin. The key transcription factors, including ZEB1 and Slug, were significantly up-regulated upon exposure. These results indicated that the PM（2.5） organic extract induced different degrees of EMT progression in BEAS-2 B cells. The cell invasion ability increased in a concentration-dependent manner after 48 hr of treatment with the extract. This study offers a novel insight into the effects of PM（2.5） on EMT and the potential health risks associated with PM（2.5） in the YRD region.

关键词： PM2.5 BEAS-2B Epithelial–mesenchymal transition Cell invasion

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