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End-to-End Paired Ambisonic-Binaural Audio Rendering

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 502-513页

作者： Yin Zhu Qiuqiang Kong Junjie Shi Shilei Liu Xuzhou Ye Ju-Chiang Wang Hongming Shan Junping Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Beijing ByteDance technology Co.Ltd. Shanghai 201102China. Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina IEEE institute of science and technology for brain-inspired intelligence and moe frontiers center for brain science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 Shanghai center for brain science and brain-inspired technology Shanghai 200031China

Binaural rendering is of great interest to virtual reality and immersive media. Although humans can naturally use their two ears to perceive the spatial information contained in sounds, it is a challenging task for machines to achieve binaural rendering since the description of a sound field often requires multiple channels and even the metadata of the sound sources. In addition, the perceived sound varies from person to person even in the same sound field. Previous methods generally rely on individual-dependent head-related transferred function(HRTF)datasets and optimization algorithms that act on HRTFs. In practical applications, there are two major drawbacks to existing methods. The first is a high personalization cost, as traditional methods achieve personalized needs by measuring HRTFs. The second is insufficient accuracy because the optimization goal of traditional methods is to retain another part of information that is more important in perception at the cost of discarding a part of the information. Therefore, it is desirable to develop novel techniques to achieve personalization and accuracy at a low cost. To this end, we focus on the binaural rendering of ambisonic and propose 1) channel-shared encoder and channel-compared attention integrated into neural networks and 2) a loss function quantifying interaural level differences to deal with spatial information. To verify the proposed method, we collect and release the first paired ambisonic-binaural dataset and introduce three metrics to evaluate the content information and spatial information accuracy of the end-to-end methods. Extensive experimental results on the collected dataset demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method and the shortcomings of previous methods.

关键词： Ambisonic attention binaural rendering neural network

Context Processing in Contextual and Cued Fear Extinction

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 835-839页

作者： Yimu Zhang Chun Xu Yu Gu State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and moe frontiers center for brain science Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200032China institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)are prevalent mental disorders that disturb millions *** disorders often manifest as excessive fear,anxiety,and distress,significantly impacting daily *** fear extinction paradigms in animals were established decades ago and have been widely used in research,providing a scientific basis for exposure therapies for anxiety disorders in humans.

关键词： distress disorders traumatic

Toward understanding the role of genomic repeat elements in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 646-659页

作者： Zhengyu An Aidi Jiang Jingqi Chen institute of science and technology for brain-inspired intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina moe frontiers center for brain science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina moe Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and brain-inspired intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation center ShanghaiChina

Neurodegenerative diseases cause great medical and economic burdens for both patients and society;however, the complex molecular mechanisms thereof are not yet well understood. With the development of high-coverage sequencing technology, researchers have started to notice that genomic repeat regions, previously neglected in search of disease culprits, are active contributors to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the association between repeat element variants and multiple degenerative diseases through genome-wide association studies and targeted sequencing. We discuss the identification of disease-relevant repeat element variants, further powered by the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies and their related tools, and summarize recent findings in the molecular mechanisms of repeat element variants in brain degeneration, such as those causing transcriptional silencing or RNA-mediated gain of toxic function. Furthermore, we describe how in silico predictions using innovative computational models, such as deep learning language models, could enhance and accelerate our understanding of the functional impact of repeat element variants. Finally, we discuss future directions to advance current findings for a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and the clinical applications of genomic repeat elements.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease ataxia deep learning long-read sequencing neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease repeat element structural variant

Novel heterozygous USH1C mutation impacts hair cell mechanotransduction and causes progressive hearing loss

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science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 167-172页

作者： Yanyan Jia Gaogan Jia Luo Guo Nan Song Yu-Meng Wang Luoying Jiang Yilai Shu Yan Chen Shujia Zhu Huawei Li Wenyan Li ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye&ENT Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China institutes of Biomedical sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine(Fudan University) Shanghai 200031China The institutes of brain science and the Collaborative Innovation center for brain science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai center for brain science and brain-inspired intelligence technology Shanghai 201210China institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular MedicineXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders worldwide,affecting approximately 466 million people,including 34 million children[1].Genetic mutations accounts for approximately 60%of inherited hearing loss cases[2,3].These genetic changes result in a wide variety of clinical manifestations,ranging from nonsyndromic hearing loss(NSHL)to over 400 syndromes involving hearing loss and from mild adult-onset hearing loss to profound congenital deafness,covering the entire spectrum of Mendelian inheritance.

关键词： mec hearing approximate

BMP7 expression in mammalian cortical radial glial cells increases the length of the neurogenic period

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Protein & Cell 2024年第1期15卷 21-35页

作者： Zhenmeiyu Li Guoping Liu Lin Yang Mengge Sun Zhuangzhi Zhang Zhejun Xu Yanjing Gao Xin Jiang Zihao Su Xiaosu Li Zhengang Yang State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and moe frontiers center for brain science Institutes of Brain Scienceand Department of NeurologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The seat of human intelligence is the human cerebral cortex,which is responsible for our exceptional cognitive *** principles that lead to the development of the large-sized human cerebral cortex will shed light on what makes the human brain and species so *** remarkable increase in the number of human cortical pyramidal neurons and the size of the human cerebral cortex is mainly because human cortical radial glial cells,primary neural stem cells in the cortex,generate cortical pyramidal neurons for more than 130 days,whereas the same process takes only about 7 days in *** molecular mechanisms underlying this difference are largely ***,we found that bone morphogenic protein 7(BMP7)is expressed by increasing the number of corti-cal radial glial cells during mammalian evolution(mouse,ferret,monkey,and human).BMP7 expression in cortical radial glial cells promotes neurogenesis,inhibits gliogenesis,and thereby increases the length of the neurogenic period,whereas Sonic Hedgehog(SHH)signaling promotes cortical *** demonstrate that BMP7 sign-aling and SHH signaling mutually inhibit each other through regulation of GLI3 repressor *** propose that BMP7 drives the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian cortex by increasing the length of the neurogenic period.

关键词： radial glia cortical neurogenesis cortical gliogenesis cortical evolution BMP7 SHH

Robust autofocusing propagation in turbulence

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 370-375页

作者：刘娜娜谭柳陈凯健洪佩龙莫小明邹炳锁任煜轩梁毅 Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics Center on Nanoenergy ResearchSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China School of Mathematics and Physics Anqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246133China institute for Translational brain Research MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Turbulence in complex environments such as the atmosphere and biological media has always been a great challenge to the application of beam propagation in optical communication, optical trapping and manipulation. To overcome this challenge, this study comprehensively investigates the robust propagation of traditional Gaussian and autofocusing beams in turbulent environments. In order to select stable beams that exhibit high intensity and high field gradient at the focal position in complex environments, Kolmogorov turbulence theory is used to simulate the propagation of beams in atmospheric turbulence based on the multi-phase screen method. We systematically analyze the intensity fluctuations, the variation of the coherence factor and the change in the scintillation index with propagation distance. The analysis reveals that the intensity fluctuations of autofocusing beams are significantly smaller than those of Gaussian beams, and the coherence of autofocusing beams is better than that of Gaussian beams under turbulence. Moreover, autofocusing beams exhibit less oscillation than Gaussian beams, indicating that autofocusing beams propagate in complex environments with less distortion and intensity fluctuation. Overall, this work clearly demonstrates that autofocusing beams exhibit higher stability in propagation compared with Gaussian beams, showing great promise for applications such as optical trapping and manipulation in complex environments.

关键词： propagation beams autofocusing turbulence

Tipping Point Detection Using Reservoir Computing

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 779-790页

作者： Xin Li Qunxi Zhu Chengli Zhao Xuzhe Qian Xue Zhang Xiaojun Duan Wei Lin College of science National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaHunan 410073China Research institute of Intelligent Complex Systems and moe frontiers center for brain science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Artificial intelligence Laboratory Shanghai 200232China School of Mathematical sciences SCMSSCAMand CCSBFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Detection in high fidelity of tipping points,the emergence of which is often induced by invisible changes in internal structures or/and external interferences,is paramountly beneficial to understanding and predicting complex dynamical systems(CDSs).Detection approaches,which have been fruitfully developed from several perspectives(e.g.,statistics,dynamics,and machine learning),have their own advantages but still encounter difficulties in the face of high-dimensional,fluctuating ***,using the reservoir computing(RC),a recently notable,resource-conserving machine learning method for reconstructing and predicting CDSs,we articulate a model-free framework to accomplish the detection only using the time series observationally recorded from the underlying unknown CDSs.

关键词： computing record ping

Allogenic microglia replacement:A novel therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 237-245页

作者： Yanxia Rao Bo Peng Department of Laboratory Animal science MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalInstitute for Translational Brain ResearchState Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceMOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory DiseasesFudan UniversityShanghai 200000China Co-Innovation center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226001China

Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system(CNS)that play vital roles in CNS development,homeostasis and disease *** defects in microglia lead to microglial dysfunction,which in turn leads to neurological *** correction of the specific genetic defects in microglia in these disorders can lead to therapeutic *** genetic defect correction approaches are dependent on viral vectorbased genetic defect ***,the viruses used in these approaches,including adeno-associated viruses,lentiviruses and retroviruses,do not primarily target microglia;therefore,viral vector-based genetic defect corrections are ineffective in *** replacement is a novel approach to correct microglial genetic defects via replacing microglia of genetic defects with allogenic healthy *** this paper,we systematically review the history,rationale and therapeutic perspectives of microglia replacement,which would be a novel strategy for treating CNS disorders.

关键词： Microglia Replacement Microglia replacement Microglia depletion Microglia-free niche CSF1R

Myosin Va‑dependent Transport of NMDA Receptors in Hippocampal Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1053-1075页

作者： Ru Gong Linwei Qin Linlin Chen Ning Wang Yifei Bao Wei Lu Ministry of Education(moe)Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease School of Life Science and TechnologySoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Neurosurgery State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceHuashan HospitalInstitute for Translational Brain ResearchFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Neurobiology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210096China Co‑innovation center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantong 226001China

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)trafficking is a key process in the regulation of synaptic efficacy and brain ***,the molecular mechanism underlying the surface transport of NMDARs is largely *** we identified myosin Va(MyoVa)as the specific motor protein that traffics NMDARs in hippocampal *** found that MyoVa associates with NMDARs through its cargo binding *** association was increased during NMDAR surface *** of MyoVa suppressed NMDAR *** further demonstrated that Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)regulates NMDAR transport through its direct interaction with ***,MyoVa employed Rab11 family-interacting protein 3(Rab11/FIP3)as the adaptor proteins to couple themselves with NMDARs during their ***,the knockdown of FIP3 impairs hippocampal ***,we conclude that in hippocampal neurons,MyoVa conducts active transport of NMDARs in a CaMKII-dependent manner.

关键词： Myosin Va NMDA receptor CaMKⅡ Transport Memory