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Science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 400-401页

作者： Chenyu LIU Yibo WANG Wenhui XU Shuqi HUANG Chunxiao YU Zeyu YANG Xiaole JIA Xiaoxi LI Bochang LI Zhengdong LUO Cizhe FANG Yan LIU Tiangui YOU Xin OU Genquan HAN School of Microelectronics Xidian University Suzhou institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou institute of Technology Xidian University

Titanium/Gold （Ti/Au） metals have been widely employed as ohmic metal contacts on n+Ga2O3,exhibiting the specific contact resistance （ρc） of 10-5-10-6Ω·cm2[1].But previous studies have revealed the presence of a defective Ga2O3layer and reactive Ti-Ga2O3layer at the annealed Ti/*** an interfacial layer can afect the performance of ohmic contact,which may become more pronounced in power devices subjected to electrical stress and high-frequency ***,there have been no reports on the impact of bias stress effects and dynamic degradation of Ti/Au ohmic contacts on n+Ga2O3.

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Hyperosmolality tolerance of freshwater largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides to brackish in early ontogenetic stages of eggs,embryos,and yolk-sac larvae

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 286-298页

作者： Du LUO Dingtian YANG South China Sea institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Pearl River Fisheries Research institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhou 510380China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Salinity is recognized as a pivotal factor limiting the migration of freshwater fish to brackish *** largemouth bass(LMB,Micropterus salmoides),a globally translocated freshwater fish,exhibits estuarine distribution,yet its hyperosmoregulatory capacity during early ontogenetic stages remains inadequately *** investigate the impact of freshwater salinization,a series of experiments were conducted in Guangzhou and Foshan,*** reveal that freshwater-activated mature eggs and naturally fertilized oocytes maintained nearly identical osmotic homeostasis,with diameters of 1.38±0.07 mm and 1.37±0.05 mm,***,both exhibited peak water excretion at a salinity of ***,a reduction in water permeability was observed in hyperosmotic *** hatching rates increased from 27.5%±14.4%in the 1.0 group to 75.1%±12.0%in the 6.0 group under fluctuating temperature ***-sac LMB larvae consistently reduced survival time from 12.5 d at 1.0 to 50.7±2.1 min at salinity of ***,more developed larvae also experienced a decrease in survival *** regression models fitting lethal time with salinity indicated a sharp decrease between 10.0 and *** findings offer practical insights for predicting distribution patterns and enhancing aquaculture technology for ***,they may contribute theoretically to the broader understanding of the osmoregulatory mechanisms of freshwater fish.

关键词： osmotic homeostasis acute toxicity median lethal time hatching rate dose-response model

Ti^(3+)/Ti^(4+)and Co^(2+)/Co^(3+)redox couples in Ce-doped Co-Ce/TiO2 for enhancing photothermocatalytic toluene oxidation

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第3期149卷 164-176页

作者： Guanghui Li Xiaolan Li Xinhui Hao Qiang Li Meng Zhang Hongpeng Jia Xiamen Key Laboratory of Materials for Gaseous Pollutant Control Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Cerium and cobalt loaded Co-Ce/TiO_(2)catalyst prepared by impregnation method was investigated for photothermal catalytic toluene *** on catalyst characterizations(XPS,EPR and H2-TPR),redox cycle between Co and TiO_(2)(Co^(2+)+Ti^(4+)↔Co^(3+)+Ti^(3+))results in the formation of Co^(3+),Ti^(3+)and oxygen vacancies,which play important roles in toluene catalytic oxidation *** introduction of Ce brings in the dual redox cycles(Co^(2+)+Ti^(4+)↔Co^(3+)+Ti^(3+),Co^(2+)+Ce4+↔Co^(3+)+Ce3+),further promoting the elevation of reaction sites *** full spectrum irradiation with light intensity of 580mW/cm^(2),Co-Ce/TiO_(2)catalyst achieved 96%of toluene conversion and 73%of CO_(2)yield,obviously higher than Co/P25 and Co/TiO_(2).Co-Ce/TiO_(2)efficiently maintains 10-hour stability test under water vapor conditions and exhibits better photothermal catalytic performance than counterparts under different wavelengths *** catalytic reaction displays improved activities compared with thermal catalysis,which is attributed to the promotional effect of light including photocatalysis and light activation of reactive oxygen species.

关键词： Photothermal catalysis Redox cycle Oxygen vacancy VOCs Titanium dioxide

Characteristics and phytotoxicity of hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter:Effects of feedstock type and hydrothermal temperature

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第3期149卷 139-148页

作者： Qianqian Lang Xuan Guo Chao Wang Lingyao Li Yufei Li Junxiang Xu Xiang Zhao Jijin Li Bensheng Liu Qinping Sun Guoyuan Zou institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in *** this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(cowmanure,corn stalk and Myriophyllum aquaticum)under three hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)temperatures(180,200 and 220°C)were *** results showed that the hydrochars had high dissolved organic carbon content(20.15 to 37.65 mg/g)and its content showed a gradual reduction as HTC temperature *** fluorescent components including mixed substance of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances(C1,30.92%-58.32%),UVA humic acid-like substance(C2,25.27%-29.94%)and protein-like substance(C3,11.74%-41.92%)were identified in hydrochar DOM by excitation emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor *** HTC temperature increased the relative proportion of aromatic substances(C1+C2)and humification degree of hydrochar DOM from cow manure,while it presented adverse effects on the hydrochar DOM from corn stalk and *** principal component analysis suggested that feedstock type and HTC temperature posed significant effects on the characteristics of hydrochar ***,seed germination test of all hydrochar DOM demonstrated that the root length was reduced by 8.88%-26.43%in contrast with control,and the germination index values were 73.57%-91.12%.These findings provided new insights into the potential environmental effects for hydrochar application in soil.

关键词： Hydrochar Hydrothermal temperature Dissolved organic matter Excitation emission matrix Parallel factor analysis Phytotoxicity

Honeycomb-spiderweb-inspired self-similar hybrid cellular structures for impact applications

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 182-200页

作者： K.Tewari M.K.Pandit M.M.Mahapatra P.R.Budarapu School of Mechanical sciences Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarBhubaneswar752050India

Inspired by nature's self-similar designs,novel honeycomb-spiderweb based self-similar hybrid cellular structures are proposed here for efficient energy absorption in impact *** energy absorption is enhanced by optimizing the geometry and topology for a given *** proposed hybrid cellular structure is arrived after a thorough analysis of topologically enhanced self-similar *** optimized cell designs are rigorously tested considering dynamic loads involving crush and high-velocity bullet ***,the influence of thickness,radial connectivity,and order of patterning at the unit cell level are also *** maximum crushing efficiency attained is found to be more than 95%,which is significantly higher than most existing traditional *** on,the first and second-order hierarchical self-similar unit cell designs developed during crush analysis are used to prepare the cores for sandwich *** tests are performed on the developed sandwich structures using the standard 9-mm *** influence of multistaging on impact resistance is also investigated by maintaining a constant total thickness and mass of the sandwich ***,in order to avoid layer-wise weak zones and hence,attain a uniform out-of-plane impact strength,off-setting the designs in each stage is *** sandwich structures with first and second-order self-similar hybrid cores are observed to withstand impact velocities as high as 170 m/s and 270 m/s,respectively.

关键词： Sandwich structures Honeycomb-spider web inspired Self-similar hierarchy Crush analysis High-velocity impact Strong and weak zones Multistaging

Dibutyl phthalate disrupts[Ca^(2+)]_(i),reactive oxygen species,[pH]_(i),protein kinases and mitochondrial activity,impairing sperm function

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 68-78页

作者： Seung Hyun Park Myung Chan Gye Department of Life Science and institute for Natural sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

To explore the mechanism of sperm dysfunction caused by dibutyl phthalate(DBP),the effects of DBP on intracellular[Ca^(2+)]and[pH],reactive oxygen species(ROS),lipid peroxidation(LPO),mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP)opening,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),adenosine triphosphate(ATP)levels,phosphorylation of protein kinase A(PKA)substrate proteins and phosphotyrosine(p-Tyr)proteins,sperm motility,spontaneous acrosome reaction,and tail bending were examined in mouse *** 100μg/mL,DBP significantly increased tail bending and[Ca^(2+)]***,DBP showed biphasic effects on[pH]*** at 10–100μg/mL significantly decreased sperm ***,Ca^(2+)ionophore A23187 decreased[pH]_(i)sperm motility,suggesting that DBP-induced excessive[Ca^(2+)]_(i)decreased sperm *** significantly increased ROS and *** at 100μg/mL significantly decreased mPTP closing,MMP,and ATP levels in spermatozoa,as did H2O2,indicative of ROS-mediatedmitochondrial dysfunction caused by *** as well as H2O2 increased p-Tyr sperm proteins and phosphorylated PKA substrate sperm *** at 1–10μg/mL significantly increased the spontaneous acrosome reaction,suggesting that DBP can activate sperm ***,DBP showed a biphasic effect on intracellular signaling in *** concentrations relevant to seminal ortho-phthalate levels,DBP activates[pH]i,protein tyrosine kinases and PKA via physiological levels of ROS generation,potentiating sperm *** at high doses excessively raises[Ca^(2+)]_(i)and ROS and disrupts[pH]i,impairing the mitochondrial function,tail structural integrity,and sperm motility.

关键词： Dibutyl phthalate Reactive oxygen species(ROS) [Ca^(2+)]_(i) [pH]_(i) Mitochondria Protein kinases Sperm

Sky location of massive black hole binaries in the foreground of Galactic white dwarf binaries

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 93-104页

作者： Pan Guo Hong-Bo Jin Cong-Feng Qiao Yue-Liang Wu The International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

For space-based gravitational wave(GW)detection,the main noise source for massive black hole binaries(MBHBs)is attributed to approximately 107 double white dwarf binaries in the *** a GW source,the amplitude of the detector response,recorded by a space-based gravitational wave detector,exhibits a modulation effect with a year period when observing the source from various orbital *** the adverse conditions mentioned above,where there is a strong foreground noise and annual modulation in the signals,we employed the wavelet transform and the strong-amplitude relevant orbital position search methods,which allows the weak MBHB sources to achieve higher locating *** detail,for two MBHB sources of lower intensity,the precision of luminosity distance,represented by the ratioΔD_(L)/D_(L) at the 95%confidence level,is enhanced by factors of∼*** angular resolutions,denoted byΔΩs,are enhanced by a factor of∼*** improvements increase the number of detectable GW sources,facilitate multi-messenger follow-up observations and provide constraints on the cosmological constant.

关键词： space-based gravitational wave detection gravitational waves massive black hole binaries

Spireoside Controls Blast Disease by Disrupting Membrane Integrity of Magnaporthe oryzae

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rice science 2025年第1期32卷 107-117,I0061-I0066页

作者： XU Liting HE Kaiwei GUO Chunyu QUAN Cantao MA Yahuan ZHANG Wei REN Lifen WANG Long SONG Li OUYANG Qing YIN Junjie ZHU Xiaobo TANG Yongyan HE Min CHEN Xuewei LI Weitao State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Rice Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

The application of fungicides is an effective strategy for controlling plant *** these agents,plant-derived antifungal metabolites are particularly promising due to their eco-friendly and sustainable *** secondary metabolites typically exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity without selective toxicity against ***,only a small fraction of antifungal metabolites have been identified from the tens of thousands of known plant secondary *** this study,we conducted a metabolomic analysis on both blast-resistant(Digu)and-susceptible(Lijiangxintuanheigu)rice varieties to uncover novel metabolites that enhance blast *** found that 24 and 48 h post-inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae were critical time points for metabolomic profiling,based on the infected status of *** in rice and the observed differences in shikimate accumulation between the two *** metabolomic analysis,we identified nine flavonoids that were differentially accumulated and are considered potential candidates for disease *** these,apigenin-7-glucoside,rhamnetin,and spireoside were found to be effective in controlling blast disease,with spireoside demonstrating the most pronounced *** discovered that spireoside controlled blast disease by inhibiting both spore germination and appressorium formation in ***,primarily through disrupting cell membrane ***,spireoside did not induce rice ***,spireoside was also effective in controlling sheath blight ***,spireoside shows considerable promise as a candidate for the development of a fungicide for controlling plant diseases.

关键词： appressorium formation blast disease membrane integrity resistance spireoside spore germination sheath blight disease

Increased contribution of microbial necromass to soil organic carbon in solar farms on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 184-197页

作者： ZHANG Xiyu ZHOU Jun CHEN Yang FAN Jianrong institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China

Solar farms have been rapidly expanding on the Qinghai-Tibetan ***,the effects of photovoltaic arrays on the contribution of microbial necromass carbon(MNC)to soil organic carbon(SOC),along with the underlying mechanisms,remain *** address this,we collected soil samples from the top 20 cm in under-panel,inter-panel and control plots at five solar farms constructed between 2012 and 2014 in the dry Yarlung Tsangpo and Lhasa River valleys on the Qinghai-Tibetan *** determined SOC,fungal and bacterial necromass and relevant soil *** found that the concentration of MNC in the under-panel plots(3.93±0.79 mg g-1)was significantly higher compared to the control plots(2.28±0.79 mg g-1)across all five solar *** proportion of MNC to SOC in the under-panel plots(34.7±2.4%)was also significantly higher than that in the control plots(27.5±1.4%).Specifically,the contribution of fungal necromass to SOC in the under-panel plots(26.4±2.2%)was significantly larger than that in the control plots(19.7±1.6%),while the increase in the bacterial necromass proportion was *** least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)indicated a significant and positive effect of increased soil moisture in the under-panel plots on the proportion of fungal necromass to *** results highlight that beyond their economic benefits,solar farms in the arid regions on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau can enhance soil C sequestration by improving soil moisture and promoting microbial necromass accumulation.

关键词： Photovoltaic power station Fungal necromass Bacterial necromass Microbial residues Yarlung Tsangpo Arid river valley

A cationic radical lanthanide organic tetrahedron with remarkable coordination enhanced radical stability

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 568-573页

作者： Zhengzhong Zhu Shaojun Hu Zhi Liu Lipeng Zhou Chongbin Tian Qingfu Sun State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of sciences

Rare–earth supramolecular compounds, such as lanthanide organic polyhedrons（LOPs）, are of particular interest due to their many possible applications in various fields. Here we report the first syntheses of Ln4(L·+)4–type(Ln, lanthanides; L·+, radical ligand) radical–bridged lanthanide organic tetrahedrons by self–assembly of face–capping triphenylamine（TPA）–cored radical ligand with different lanthanide *** coordination enhanced radical stability has been observed, with half–life times(t1/2) for L1·+,La4(L1·+)4, Eu4(L1·+)4, Gd4(L1·+)4, Tb4(L1·+)4and Lu4(L1·+)4estimated to be 53 min, 482 min, 624 min,1248 min, 822 min and 347 min, respectively. The TPA radical in Ln4(L1·+)4containing paramagnetic Ln ions（Ln = EuⅢ, GdⅢand TbⅢ） is observed to be more stable than that in Ln4(L1·+)4（Ln = LaⅢand LuⅢ）constructed by diamagnetic Ln ions. This difference in radical stability is possibly due to the magnetic interactions between paramagnetic LnⅢions and L1·+ligands, as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance（EPR） in La4（L）4(L = L1and L1·+) and Tb4（L）4(L = L1and L1·+), and magnetic susceptibility measurements in Tb·4（L）4(L = L1and L1·+). Our study reveals the coordination of radical ligands with lanthanide ions can improve the radical stability, which is crucial for their applications.

关键词： Enhanced stability Lanthanide organic polyhedrons Radical Self–assembly Supramolecular chemistry