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The Lushan earthquake and the giant panda:impacts and conservation

2012年中国西部动物学首届学术研讨会

作者： Mu Huaqiang ZHANG Jun ZHANG Mingchun JIANG Hui YUAN Shibing HU Jinchu ZHANG Zejun Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal University

Studies on habitat requirements are essential for efficient management actions.However,detailed information is still scarce for Niviventer confucianus and Apodemus draco in the Hengduan Mountains on their habitat requirements.During April-December 2008,we conducted a field survey to uncover their habitat use and separation through transect lines and plot sampling in Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve,China,where they are common and sympatric.The results indicated that both mammals exhibited an obvious habitat preference across seasons.Variables closely relating to food availability and predation risks contributed more to discriminating habitat plots from control ones,implying that the two factors played an important role in shaping their habitat selection.In addition,both mammals exhibited a distinct habitat use pattern from each other,and some variables,such as elevation,contributed more to their habitat separation across seasons,which can potentially reduce interspecific competition and further facilitate their sympatric coexistence.

关键词： Niviventer confucianus Apodemus draco habitat use coexistence Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 376-378页

作者： Zejun ZHANG Shibin YUAN Dunwu QI Mingchun ZHANG Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina Chengdu Breeding Base for the Giant Panda ChengduChina China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda WenchuanChina

Earthquakes not only result in a great loss of human life and property,but also have profound effects on the Earth’s biodiversity.The Lushan earthquake occurred on 20 Apr 2013,with a magnitude of 7.0 and an intensity of 9.0 degrees.A distance of 17.0 km from its epicenter to the nearest distribution site of giant pandas recorded in the Third National Survey was determined.Making use of research on the Wenchuan earthquake(with a magnitude of 8.0),which occurred approximately 5 years ago,we briefly analyze the impacts of the Lushan earthquake on giant pandas and their habitat.An earthquake may interrupt ongoing behaviors of giant pandas and may also cause injury or death.In addition,an earthquake can damage conservation facilities for pandas,and result in further habitat fragmentation and degradation.However,from a historical point of view,the impacts of human activities on giant pandas and their habitat may,in fact,far outweigh those of natural disasters such as earthquakes.Measures taken to promote habitat restoration and conservation network reconstruction in earthquake-affected areas should be based on requirements of giant pandas,not those of humans.

关键词： conservation earthquake giant panda habitat impact

Invasion and defense of the basic social unit in a nonhuman primate society leads to sexual differences in the gut microbiome

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 168-180页

作者： Wancai XIA Mei ZHAO Dali WANG Fan WANG Hua CHEN Guoqi LIU Lifeng ZHU Dayong LI Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina Mingkef Biotechnology HangzhouChina

Multilevel society is one of the most complex social systems in natural ecosystems and is a typical feature among some primates.Given the potential connection between social behavior and gut microbiome composition,the multilevel social system could affect the primate gut microbiome.Here,based on long-term observation(e.***.social unit dynamics,transfer,and behavior),we investigated this potential integrating 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and behavior data in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti),which possess a multilevel social group based on one male units(OMUs,each unit with several breeding females and their offspring)and all-male unit(AMU,several bachelor males residing together).We found that the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between adult males from different OMUs was significantly lower than that between adult females from different OMUs(paired Wilcoxon test,P=0.007).There was no significant difference in the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between females within the same OMU or between females from different OMUs.These findings indicated the potential connection between the defense and invasion of social units and the gut microbiome community in wild Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.We speculated that the resident males of OMUs displaying a significantly higher similarity in the gut microbial community than that of adult females in separate OMUs might be associated with the sexual differences in their interactions and from previously having cohabitated together in the AMU.Therefore,this study suggested that multilevel societies might have an effect on the gut microbial community in this wild nonhuman primate species.

关键词： defense and invasion gut microbial transfer multilevel society sexual differences Yunnan snubnosed monkeys

Skeletochronological Study of Age,Longevity and Growth in a Population of Rana nigromaculata(Amphibia:Anura) in Sichuan,China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第3期3卷 258-264页

作者： Min MAO Yan HUANG Zhiping MI Yanhong LIU Caiquan ZHOU Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal University

A skeletochronological study was conducted for the age, longevity and growth of a Rana nigromaculata population in northeastern Sichuan, China. Of 139 specimens, 119(68 males and 51 females) exhibited distinct arrested growth lines in phalanges. Age at first reproduction was found to be two years of age for males and three for females. Maximum longevity was estimated to be at least six years in males and seven years in females. Average age did not differ between males and females. Breeding females were significantly older than breeding males. Females were larger in body size and heavier in body mass than males. Age was not correlated with body size and body mass in males, but a significant correlation was found among age, body size and body mass in females. The growth curve appeared significantly different between the sexes, with a higher growth rate throughout life and a larger asymptotic size in females. Moreover, analysis of the growth model indicated that the population studied was relatively stable.

关键词： age structure,Rana nigromaculata,population,skeletochronology

Asymmetry of Testes in Guenther's Frog,Hylarana guentheri(Anuar:Ranidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第4期2卷 234-239页

作者： Yanhong LIU Wenbo LIAO Caiquan ZHOU Zhiping MI Min MAO Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation of Ministry of Education China West Normal University Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal University

Testes size in most animals commonly shows directional asymmetry. In birds, the left testis mass is usually larger than the right one, but the reports on the testes asymmetry in anurans are very few. Moller （1994） hypothesized that the right testis serves a compensatory role and increases in size when the left one is defective, and further suggested that testes asymmetry may be a reliable indicator of individual body condition. In this paper, we tested the compensation hypothesis in the Guenther＇s frog, Hylarana guentheri. From 60 sampled males, we found that there was a significant directional asymmetry in testes mass, with the left testis size being significantly correlated with relative testes asymmetry, providing evidence that the right testis had a compensatory function. However, testes mass and asymmetry were not correlated with body condition. Hence, we found no evidence that testes asymmetry in the Guenther＇s frog reflected male condition, and male age was also not related to testes mass or asymmetry.

关键词： directional testes asymmetry compensation hypothesis body condition Hylarana guentheri

Morphological variation in Feirana frogs

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Morphological variation in Feirana frogs

The Distribution of Tribe Blaptini( Coleoptera,Tenebrionidae) in China

四川省动物学会第十届会员代表大会暨第十一次学术研讨会

作者： Yan HUANG Jianping JIANG Xin YANG Junhua HU Chengdu institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal University

Understanding how ecological processes affected phenotypic evolution is an important goal in ecology and evolution.Sympatric divergence-phenotypic evolution stemming from natural selection to lessen resource competition-is considered to play a key role for enabling closely related species to coexist.Sympatric convergence,the opposite phenomenon,is considered to be another role that will shape phenotypic evolution.Here we investigated morphological variation of sympatric and allopatric populations of two Chinese endemic Feirana species,the swelled-vent frog(F.quadranus) and the Taihang Mountain swelled-vent Frog(F.taihangnica).Body size(SVL) of both species in sympatry exhibited significantly greater dispersion than allopatry.The two species diverged in overall body size and head length while they converged in relative eye traits in sympatry.We suggested that:1) the sympatric divergence of body size attributed to in situ evolution in F.quadranus and phenotype shift caused by interspecific competition in F.taihangnica;2) the sympatric convergence of eye traits was mainly due to adaptive evolution to particular environment conditions.Our results demonstrate that interspecific interactionsbetween closely related species can drive evolutionary phenotypic variation,meanwhile,adaptation to local environment also play an important role in shaping phenotypic evolution.

关键词： phenotypic evolution interspecific interactions historical contingency sympatric population swelled-vent frog amphibians

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2015年第2期4卷 59-61页

作者： Zhonghua WEI Mingxia GUO Zhaoshan HU Juan XU Yuanying FAN Aimin SHI Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation Institute of Rare Animals & PlantsChina West Normal University

In this paper,the distribution status of genera and species of the tribe Balptini discovered in China was summarized.According to related data,19 genera and 169 species of the tribe Balptini are distributed in various provinces and regions of China.Different genera and species of the tribe Balptini are distributed in different regions.This study laid the theoretical foundation for further investigation of the evolutionary process of tribe Blaptini in China.

关键词： Coleoptera genera tribe evolutionary geographical Hebei Species Liaoning summarized Qinghai

The validity of different zokor species and the genus Eospalax inferredfrom mitochondrial gene sequences

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第4期3卷 290-298页

作者： Caiquan ZHOU Kaiya ZHOU Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina

To help resolve the systematic position of Myospalacine(zokors)and to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among zokor species,complete mitochondrial 12S rRNA and cytochrome b gene sequences were determined for seven zokor species from China.Phylogenetic relationships among all extant zokors,except the Siberian zokor(Myospalax myospalax)and Smith’s zokor(Eospalax smithi),were reconstructed with the Chinese bamboo rat(Rhizomys sinensis)as an outgroup.Our results support the generic status of Eospalax and also support the validity of the specific status of Eospalax cansus,Eospalax baileyi and Eospalax rufescens.

关键词： Eospalax baileyi Eospalax cansus Eospalax rufescens phylogeny zokor.

Altitudinal Variation in Digestive Tract Length in Yunnan Pond Frog (Pelophylax pleuraden)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第4期4卷 263-267页

作者： Shangling LOU Yanhong LI Long JIN Zhiping MI Wenchao LIU Wenbo LIAO Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Institute of Rare Animals and Plants College of Life Sciences China West Normal University

The digestive tract plays an important role in digestion and the acquisition of food energy. Understanding the impact of abiotic environments on digestive tract morphology is especially important for evolution of digestive tract across different environments. Here, we investigated altitudinal variation in digestive tract length in the Yunnan Pond Frog （Pelophylaxpleuraden） across five populations ranging from 1413 m to 1935 m a.s.1, in Ningnan County, Sichuan province in western China. Frogs were collected during the breeding season, from 1-5 June 2012. Our results revealed that females had longer digestive tract and relative digestive tract （i.e. digestive tract length / body size） lengths in com- parison to males, on average, but the differences between them decreased with increasing altitude. Digestive tract and relative digestive tract lengths increased with increasing altitude suggesting that a higher proportion of indigestible ma- terials may be consumed at high-altitude sites and result in a relative increase in digestive tract dimensions.

关键词： altitudinal gradient digestive tract Pelophylax pleuraden Ningnan county