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Adsorption of tetrodotoxin by flexible shape-memory polymers synthesized from silica-stabilized Pickering high internal phase emulsion

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2021年第10期22卷 805-818页

作者： Hong-xiang OU Chen-xia GONG Hong-lai XUE Dong-sheng ZHOU Kai-jia LI Shu-cheng LIU School of Environmental and safety Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Institute of Public Safety and Emergency Management Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Flexible shape-memory polymers were synthesized by Pickering high internal phase emulsion(HIPE)polymerization and used to adsorb and separate tetrodotoxin(TTX)from an aqueous solution.SiO_(2)nanoparticles were used to stabilize the Pickering oil-in-water(O/W)HIPEs.We introduced imidazolium-modified bromobutyl rubber(IBR)with excellent mechanical properties and high viscosity into the emulsion system as the shape-memory monomer.The properties,such as shape memory and morphology,were characterized by various methods,and batches of static adsorption experiments were conducted to analyze the adsorption performance of SiO_(2)@IBR on TTX.The characterization revealed that the SiO_(2)@IBR had a porous structure and good shape memory.Thus,the combination of SiO_(2)particles and IBR prevented shedding of SiO_(2)and enhanced the mechanical and adsorption properties of SiO_(2)@IBR.The results of the adsorption experiments indicated that the SiO_(2)@IBR had good adsorption of TTX.Both the Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted the isothermal adsorption experiment process.The TTX adsorption capacity of SiO_(2)@IBR was about 290.44 mg/g at 308 K.The fitting results of the pseudo-first-order and pseudosecond-order kinetic models showed that the adsorption process involved both chemical bonding and physical adsorption.After 10 adsorption and desorption experiments,the adsorption capacity of SiO_(2)@IBR decreased less than 0.03%,indicating that it had good adsorption and regeneration performance.

关键词： Tetrodotoxin(TTX) SiO_(2) Imidazolium-modified bromobutyl rubber(IBR) Pickering high internal phase emulsion(HIPE) Adsorption

Multi-hazard disaster scenario method and emergency management for urban resilience by integrating experiment-simulation-field data

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2021年第2期2卷 77-89页

作者： Rui Ba Qing Deng Yi Liu Rui Yang Hui Zhang institute of public safety Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Due to the frequent occurrence of multi-hazard disasters worldwide in recent years,effective multi-hazard sce-nario analysis is imperative for disaster rescue and emergency management.The response procedure for different single hazards were investigated and formulated before.However,the investigations of disaster scenario rarely systematically address the entire development and response process of multi-hazards,including the coupling mechanisms,evolution dynamics,scenario assessment and emergency response.To this end,this paper presents our methodology of multi-hazard disaster scenario that integrates experiment-simulation-field data,focusing on three dimensions consisting of multi-hazard coupling,structures and systems,and emergency management.The newly proposed scenario method mainly comprises three aspects:experiments and simulations,multi-hazard field investigation,scenario analysis and response.Specifically,in order to study the large-scale,high-intensity and multi-hazard coupling effects,we carried out reduced-scale experiments and field measurement experiments to develop experimental similarity theory and prototype simulations of multi-hazards.In addition,a variety of field rescue and survey equipment,such as robots,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),and Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality(VR/AR)technologies were utilized to acquire real-time data of multi-hazard field.Furthermore,we also examine the mechanism and framework of multi-hazard scenarios to formulate the detailed procedures of man-agement and response.They are incorporated with the experiments,simulations,field data and models to con-struct a new scenario platform.The proposed scenario method was applied in a case study of the coupled wind and snow multi-hazard to verify its effectiveness.The new method contributes to the disaster relief,decision-making and emergency management for multi-hazard disaster to improve the urban resilience.

关键词： Multi-hazard Disaster Scenario Resilience emergency management

Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第3期29卷 488-495页

作者：马亚萍张辉 China Research Center for emergency management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of safety Science and emergency management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China institute of public safety Research Department of Engineering PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Pedestrian evacuation is actually a process of behavioral evolution. Interaction behaviors between pedestrians affect not only the evolution of their cooperation strategy, but also their evacuation paths-scheduling and dynamics features. The existence of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is therefore critical for pedestrian evacuation. To address this issue, an extended cellular automaton(CA) evacuation model considering the effects of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is proposed here. The influence mechanism of the environment factor and interaction behaviors between neighbors on the decision-making of one pedestrian to path scheduling is focused. Average payoffs interacting with neighbors are used to represent the competitive ability of one pedestrian, aiming to solve the conflicts when more than one pedestrian competes for the same position based on a new method. Influences of interaction behaviors, the panic degree and the conflict cost on the evacuation dynamics and cooperation evolution of pedestrians are discussed. Simulation results of the room evacuation show that the interaction behaviors between pedestrians to a certain extent are beneficial to the evacuation efficiency and the formation of cooperation behaviors as well. The increase of conflict cost prolongs the evacuation time. Panic emotions of pedestrians are bad for cooperation behaviors of the crowd and have complex effects on evacuation time. A new self-organization effect is also presented.

关键词： pedestrian evacuation evacuation time interaction behaviors cooperation

A strategy to synthesize phosphorus-containing nickel phyllosilicate whiskers to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy composites with excellent mechanical and dry-friction properties

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 39-50页

作者： Shibin Nie Zongquan Zhao Yuxuan Xu Wei He Wenli Zhai Jinian Yang School of public Security and emergency management Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHefei231131China School of safety Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232001China institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei230000China

To enhance the fire safety and wear resistance of epoxy,phosphorus-containing nickel phyllosilicate whiskers(FP-NiPS)were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal technology,with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene as the organic modifier.The impacts of FP-NiPS on the thermal stability,flame retardancy,and mechanical and tribological properties of EP composites were explored.The findings demonstrated that 5 wt%FP-NiPS elevated the limiting oxygen index of the EP composite from 23.8%to 28.4%,achieving a V-0 rating during vertical burning tests.FP-NiPS could enhance the thermal stability of epoxy resin(EP)and facilitate the development of a dense and continuous carbon layer,thereby significantly improving the fire safety of the EP composites.The FP-NiPS led to an 8.2%increase in the tensile strength and a 38.8%increase in the elastic modulus of the EP composite,showing outstanding mechanical properties.Furthermore,FP-NiPS showed remarkable potential in enhancing the wear resistance of EP.The wear rate of 1 wt%FP-NiPS is 2.34×10^(−5) mm^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1),a decrease of 66.7%compared to EP.This work provides a novel promising modification method to enhance the fire safety,mechanical and wear resistance properties of EP.

关键词： nickel phyllosilicate epoxy resin flame retardant wear resistance mechanical property

Welcome to journal of safety science and resilience:A journal for the novel studies on the emergency management

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 1-2页

作者： Hui Zhang institute of public safety Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

safety refers to the stable external environment and orders wherein society and citizens need to engage in and conduct a normal life,work,study,entertainment,and communication.It is a common sense that safety is the premise and the basis of the development and manage-ment of every country.After the 9.11 event,public safety is high on the country’s strategic agenda.More and more people are aware of the im-portance of safety.Governments such as the United States,the United Kingdom,Japan and Germany have built the emergency management systems.A series bills and response plans are also designed to deal with the emergent events.

关键词： journal strategic entertainment

Molybdenum disulfide@nickel phyllosilicate hybrid for improving the flame retardancy and wear resistance of epoxy composites

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 2114-2126页

作者： Shibin Nie Wei He Yuxuan Xu Wenli Zhai Hong Zhang Jinian Yang School of public Security and emergency management Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHefei 231131China institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center(Anhui Energy Laboratory)Hefei 230000China School of safety Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

In this study,nickel phyllosilicate was synthesized based on molybdenum disulfide(MoS2@NiPS)by the sol-gel method,and then MoS2@NiPS was used to prepare epoxy composites.The thermal stability,flame retardancy,and frictional performances of epoxy composites were studied.With the addition of 3 wt%MoS2@NiPS,the epoxy composite increased the limiting oxygen index from 23.8%to 26.1%and reduced the vertical burning time from 166 s for epoxy resin to 35 s.The residual char of the epoxy composite increased from 11.8 to 20.2 wt%.MoS2@NiPS promoted the graphitization of the residual char,and facilitated the formation of a dense and continuous char layer,thereby improving the fire safety of epoxy resin.The epoxy composite with 3 wt%MoS2@NiPS had excellent wear resistance property with a wear rate of 2.19×10^(‒5) mm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1),which was 68.8%lower than that of epoxy resin.This study presented a practical approach to improve the frictional and fire resistance of epoxy composites.

关键词： molybdenum disulfide nickel phyllosilicate epoxy resin flame retardancy

Forecasting of COVID-19: spread with dynamic transmission rate

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2020年第2期1卷 91-96页

作者： Yiping Zeng Xiaojing Guo Qing Deng Shengfeng Luo Hui Zhang institute of public safety Research Department of Engineering PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The COVID-19 was firstly reported in Wuhan,Hubei province,and it was brought to all over China by people travelling for Chinese New Year.The pandemic coronavirus with its catastrophic effects is now a global concern.Forecasting of COVID-19 spread has attracted a great attention for public health emergency.However,few re-searchers look into the relationship between dynamic transmission rate and preventable measures by authorities.In this paper,the SEIR(Susceptible Exposed Infectious Recovered)model is employed to investigate the spread of COVID-19.The epidemic spread is divided into two stages:before and after intervention.Before intervention,the transmission rate is assumed to be a constant since individual,community and government response has not taken into place.After intervention,the transmission rate is reduced dramatically due to the societal actions or measures to reduce and prevent the spread of disease.The transmission rate is assumed to follow an exponential function,and the removal rate is assumed to follow a power exponent function.The removal rate is increased with the evolution of the time.Using the real data,the model and parameters are optimized.The transmission rate without measure is calculated to be 0.033 and 0.030 for Hubei and outside Hubei province,respectively.After the model is established,the spread of COVID-19 in Hubei province,France and USA is predicted.From results,USA performs the worst according to the dynamic ratio.The model has provided a mathematical method to evaluate the effectiveness of the government response and can be used to forecast the spread of COVID-19 with better performance.

关键词： COVID-19 SEIR emergency management Dynamic transmission rate Basic reproduction number

Solitary Wave Simulated by the Water Column Collapsing Method

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第3期36卷 395-402页

作者： WANG Jin DONG Chang-ming LIU Qing-jun ZUO Qi-hua School of Marine Sciemces Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Southern Ocean Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Nanjing Xinda institute of safety and emergency management Nanjing 210044China Nanjing Hydraulic Research institute Nanjing 210029China

Although solitary waves with large ratio of wave height to water depth are difficult to produce in laboratory settings by traditional wave generating methods,a water column collapsing(WCC)method can be employed.This study uses the WCC method to produce large solitary waves and through a series of experiments,an empirical equation is developed that considers wave height and water depth in addition to water column height and depth.Generated solitary waves are studied through wavelet transforms.Results from this analysis demonstrate that the ratios between the initial lab-oratory-generated solitary wave and its theoretical counterpart range from 0.2−0.8.By using the results,a new solitary wave generating law is derived and can be applied to future solitary wave laboratory studies.

关键词： water column collapsing solitary wave wavelet spectrum waveform evolution generating law

Blockchain for public safety:A survey of techniques and applications

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2023年第4期4卷 389-395页

作者： Qi Wang Yi Liu institute of public safety Research Department of Engineering PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of safety Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated emergency Response Science Beijing 100084China

As an emerging technology,blockchain provides a range of advantages,such as decentralized and transparent data storage,secure access control,and enhanced data traceability.However,it is rarely applied in the field of public safety.This paper presents an in-depth survey of blockchain technology,focusing on its potential applications and implications within the field of public safety research.We explore the practical needs of multi-party data collaboration in emergency management and discusses the applicability and value of blockchain technology in this context.Additionally,this paper introduces and compares several popular blockchain platforms.By providing a comprehensive examination of blockchain technology and its potential benefits for public safety,this paper seeks to enhance understanding of the technology’s capabilities,encourage further research,and inspire innovation in this domain.

关键词： Blockchain public safety Data collaboration Data privacy