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A New Kind of Atomic Force Microscopy Scan Control Enabled by Artificial Intelligence:Concept for Achieving Tip and Sample Safety Through Asymmetric Control

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Nanomanufacturing and metrology 2024年第2期7卷 50-59页

作者： Johannes Degenhardt Mohammed Wassim Bounaim Nan Deng Rainer tutsch Gaoliang Dai Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116 BrunswickGermany Institut Für Prozessmess-und Sensortechnik Technische Universität Ilmenau EhrenbergstraBe 2998693 IlmenauGermany institute of production metrology tu braunschweig SchleinitzstraBe 2038106 BrunswickGermany

This paper introduces a paradigm shift in atomic force microscope(AFM)scan control,leveraging an artificial intelligence(AI)-based *** contrast to conventional control methods,which either show a limited performance,such as proportional integral differential(PID)control,or which purely focus on mathematical optimality as classical optimal control approaches,our proposed AI approach redefines the objective of control for achieving practical *** presented AI controller minimizes the root-mean-square control deviations in routine scans by a factor of about 4 compared to PID control in the presented setup and also showcases a distinctive asymmetric response in complex situations,prioritizing the safety of the AFM tip and sample instead of the lowest possible control *** development and testing of the AI control concept are performed on simulated AFM scans,demonstrating its huge potential.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Artificial intelligence Deep reinforcement learning Optimal control

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Dimensional characterization of cadmium selenide nanocrystals via indirect Fourier transform evaluation of small-angle X-ray scattering data

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Nano Research 2019年第11期12卷 2849-2857页

作者： Julian Cedric Porsiel Bilal Temel Alfred Schirmacher Egbert Buhr Georg Garnweitner institute for Particle Technology(iPAT) Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38104Germany Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt braunschweig Braunschweig38116Germany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38106Germany

The correlation of single-particle imaging and absorption spectroscopy made the development of sizing curves possible and enabled rapid size determination of semiconductor nanocrystals based solely on optical *** increasing demand and production of such materials has resulted in a question of comparability between existing models and adequate volume-weighted size-determining measurement ***-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)is a well-established method for obtaining nanostructural information from particle systems while operating sample quantities up to a commercial scale with a large amount of statistically based *** work utilizes laboratory SAXS to characterize cadmium selenide nanocrystals with band edge energies between 1.97 and 3.08 *** evaluation of the scattering patterns is based on an indirect Fourier transformation(IFT),while dimensional parameters are derived from the model-free pair distance distribution functions(Dmode and Dg),as well as the modeled volume(Dv)and number(Dn)-weighted size-density *** find that comparable data from D̅n agree well with existing X-ray diffraction(XRD)and with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results described in literature;this qualifies SAXS as an equivalent integral characterization *** based on an estimate,the radius of gyration yields equivalent accurate ***,corresponding volume-weighted data are shown that can be useful when transferring information to other *** parametrization represents the largest estimated size of the sample and implies that particles interact and deviate from the spherical morphology,whereas Dv demonstrates results not considering such effects.A full set of the parameters discussed quantifies the quality of a sample.

关键词： quantum dots small angle scattering indirect Fourier transform transmission electron microscopy optical absorption spectroscopy particle size distribution

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In-Situ Hydrothermal Synthesis of Bi–Bi2O2CO3 Heterojunction Photocatalyst with Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第2期9卷 58-67页

作者： Prasenjit Kar tuhin Kumar Maji Ramesh Nandi Peter Lemmens Samir Kumar Pal Department of Chemical Biological and Macromolecular Sciences S.N.Bose National Centre for Basic SciencesBlock JDSector ⅢSaltLakeKolkata 700106India institute for Condensed Matter Physics TU BraunschweigMendelssohnstraße 338106 BrunswickGermany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology TU BraunschweigBrunswickGermany

Bismuth containing nanomaterials recently received increasing attention with respect to environmental applications because of their low cost, high stability and nontoxicity. In this work, Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 heterojunctions were fabricated by in-situ decoration of Bi nanoparticles on Bi_2O_2CO_3 nanosheets via a simple hydrothermal synthesis approach. X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high-resolution TEM(HRTEM) were used to confirm the morphology of the nanosheet-like heterostructure of the Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 composite. Detailed ultrafast electronic spectroscopy reveals that the in-situ decoration of Bi nanoparticles on Bi_2O_2CO_3 nanosheets exhibit a dramatically enhanced electron-hole pair separation rate, which results in an extraordinarily high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of a model organic dye, methylene blue(MB) under visible light illumination. Cycling experiments revealed a good photochemical stability of the Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 heterojunction under repeated irradiation. Photocurrent measurements further indicated that the heterojunction incredibly enhanced the charge generation and suppressed the charge recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.

关键词： Bi nanoparticles Bi–Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets Heterojunction Hydrothermal method Charge separation Visible light photocatalytic activity

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Silicon microcavity arrays with open access and a finesse of half a million

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 862-868页

作者： Georg Wachter Stefan Kuhn Stefan Minniberger Cameron Salter Peter Asenbaum James Millen Michael Schneider Johannes Schalko Ulrich Schmid Andre Felgner Dorothee Huser Markus Arndt Michael Trupke Faculty of Physics University of ViennaVCQBoltzmanngasse 51090 ViennaAustria institute for Atomic and Subatomic Physics TU WienVCQStadionallee 21020 ViennaAustria institute for Sensor and Actuator Systems TU Wien1040 ViennaAustria Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100D-38116 BraunschweigGermany Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK

Optical resonators are essential for fundamental science,applications in sensing and metrology,particle cooling,and quantum information *** can significantly enhance interactions between light and *** many applications they perform this task best if the mode confinement is tight and the photon lifetime is *** access to the mode center is important in the design to admit atoms,molecules,nanoparticles,or solids into the light ***,we demonstrate how to machine microcavity arrays of extremely high quality in pristine *** to an almost perfect parabolic shape with a surface roughness on the level of 2A and coated to a finesse exceeding F=500,000,these new devices can have lengths below 17μm,confining the photons to 5μm waists in a mode volume of 88λ^(3).Extending the cavity length to 150μm,on the order of the radius of curvature,in a symmetric mirror configuration yields a waist smaller than 7μm,with photon lifetimes exceeding 64 *** cleanroom fabrication delivers an entire microcavity array in a single *** precision furthermore yields alignment structures that result in mechanically robust,pre-aligned,symmetric microcavity arrays,representing a lightmatter interface with unprecedented performance.

关键词： process field. exceeding

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Structural Bonding of Steel in the Building and Construction Industry

Structural Bonding of Steel in the Building and Construction...

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第三届世界粘接及相关现象大会暨北京粘接学会第十五届学术...

作者： M.Feldmann P.L.Geiβ RWTH Aachen University Institute of Steel and Lightweight ConstructionAachenGermany Kaiserslautern University of Technology Faculty Mechanical and Process EngineeringWorkgroup Materials and Surface TechnologiesKaiserslauternGermany

＜正＞Steel structures in the building and construction industry are currently those structures with the highest degree of *** established joining technologies in structural steelwork find limitations in the joining of highstrength steel grades and lightweight constructions in terms of consistent load distribution,the destruction of the basic material by boreholes and the durability of welded joints under dynamic load *** present bonding（as an alternative to welding and screwing） still finds only a limited range of application for structural joining in steel constructions. Supported by the Federal Minister of Economics and Technology(BMWD and the German Federation of Industrial Research Associations（AiF） and under supervision of the "Deutscher Ausschuss fur Stahlbau（DASt）" and "Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e.V（FOSTA）",the research project "Adhesive Bonding in Steel Constructions" investigates novel bonded high-strength steel structures and their use in bridge construction（Initiative Programme for advanced future technologies for small and medium-sized enterprises（ZUTECH）,AiF-No.169 ZBG/1）.Adhesive technology enables the construction of structures with less weight,longer service life and reduced production *** benefit is the sounddeadening effect of adhesive joints causing noise reduction in the *** research initiative is managed by the workgroup AWOK at the Kaiserslautern University of Technology in cooperation with the institute of Steel and Lightweight Construction at RWTH Aachen,institute of Joining-and Welding Technique（ifs） and Institut Bauwerkserhaltung und Tragwerk（IBT） at tu braunschweig and the chair of Steel Structures at Btu Cottbus.

关键词： adhesives bonding surface treatment durability primers

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