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A genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal the genetic basis for the Southern corn rust resistance in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 453-466页

作者： Yang Wang Chunhua Mu Xiangdong Li Canxing Duan Jianjun Wang Xin Lu Wangshu Li Zhennan Xu Shufeng Sun Ao Zhang Zhiqiang Zhou Shenghui Wen Zhuanfang Hao Jienan Han Jianzhou Qu Wanli Du Fenghai Li Jianfeng Weng College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences institute of Maize Research Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of plant protection Shandong Agricultural University institute of Maize Shanxi Agricultural University

Southern corn rust(SCR) is an airborne fungal disease caused by Puccinia polysora Underw.(P. polysora) that adversely impacts maize quality and yields worldwide. Screening for new elite SCR-resistant maize loci or genes has the potential to enhance overall resistance to this pathogen. Using phenotypic SCR resistance-related data collected over two years and three geographical environments, a genome-wide association study was carried out in this work, which eventually identified 91 loci that were substantially correlated with SCR susceptibility. These included 13 loci that were significant in at least three environments and overlapped with 74 candidate genes(B73＿RefGen＿v4). Comparative transcriptomic analyses were then performed to identify the genes related to SCR infection, with 2,586 and 797 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) ultimately being identified in the resistant Qi319and susceptible 8112 inbred lines following P. polysora infection, respectively, including 306 genes common to both lines. Subsequent integrative multi-omics investigations identified four potential candidate SCR response-related genes. One of these genes is ZmHCT9, which encodes the protein hydroxycinnamoyl transferase 9. This gene was up-regulated in susceptible inbred lines and linked to greater P. polysora resistance as confirmed through cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)-based virus induced-gene silencing(VIGS) system-mediated gene silencing. These data provide important insights into the genetic basis of the maize SCR response. They will be useful for for future research on potential genes related to SCR resistance in maize.

关键词： maize southern corn rust genome-wide association study transcriptome

A C-type lectin with dual carbohydrate recognition domains functions in innate immune response in Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 172-192页

作者： Er-Tao Li Jia-Yue Ji Wei-Jie Kong Dong-Xu Shen Cai Li Chun-Ju An Deparment of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBejingChina Pomology institute Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongShanxi ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology School of BiotechnologyJiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiangJiangsu ProvinceChina

C-type lectins(CTLs)act as pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to initiate the innate immune response in insects.A CTL with dual carbohydrate recognition domains(CRDs)(named immulectin-4[IML-4])was selected from the Ostrinia furnacalis transcriptome dataset for functional *** cloned the full-length complementary DNA of *** IML-4(OfIML-4).It encodes a 328-residue protein with a Glu-Pro-Asn(EPN)and Gln-Pro-Asp(QPD)motifs in 2 CRDs,***-4 messenger RNA levels increased significantly upon the bacterial and fungal *** OfIML-4(rIML-4)and its individual CRDs(rCRD1 and rCRD2)exhibited the binding ability to various microorganisms including Escherichia coli,Micrococcus luteus,Pichia pastoris,and Beauveria bassiana,and the cell wall components including lipopolysaccharide from ***,peptidoglycan from *** or Bacillus subtilis,and curdlan from Alcaligenes *** binding further induced the agglutination of ***,***,and *** in the presence of calcium,the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by the hemocytes,in vitro encapsulation and melanization of nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid beads,and a significant increase in phenoloxidase activity of *** addition,rIML-4 significantly enhanced the phagocytosis,nodulation,and resistance of *** to *** together,our results suggest that OfIML-4 potentially works as a PRR to recognize the invading microorganisms,and functions in the innate immune response in ***.

关键词： cellular immunity C-type lectin humoral immunity immulectin Ostrinia furnacalis pattern recognition receptor(PRR)

Lysobacter enzymogenes:A fully armed biocontrol warrior

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 23-35页

作者： Long Lin Xiaolong Shao Yicheng Yang Aprodisia Kavutu Murero Limin Wang Gaoge Xu Yangyang Zhao Sen Han Zhenhe Su Kangwen Xu Mingming Yang Jinxing Liao Kaihuai Li Fengquan Liu Guoliang Qian Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests/College of plant protection Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China institute of plant protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Integrated Pest Management Innovation Center of Hebei Province Plant Protection InstituteHebei Academy of Agriculture and ForestrySciencesBaoding 071000China Marine Agriculture Research Center Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266101China Collegeof plant protection Northwest A&FUniversityYangling 712100China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of plant Diseases and plant Pests College of Plant ProtectionHunan AgriculturalUniversityChangsha 410128China Department of plant Pathology College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Lysobacter enzymogenes is less-studied, but emerging as a powerful biocontrol bacterium producing multiple antimicrobial weapons including lytic enzymes, toxins, secondary metabolites and protein secretion *** loss of surface-attached flagellum, production of heat-stable antifungal factor(HSAF, also named as Ningrongmycin) as a novel antifungal antibiotic, and the use of the type Ⅳ secretion system(T4SS) rather than the common type Ⅵ secretion system(T6SS) to kill competitor bacteria make this species unique. These distinct features set L. enzymogenes apart from well-studied plant beneficial biocontrol agents, such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas. This review describes what takes L. enzymogenes to be a unique biocontrol warrior by focusing to illustrate how the lack of flagellum governs morphological and functional co-adaptability, what adapted signaling transduction pathways are adopted to coordinate the biosynthesis of HSAF, and how to ecologically adapt plant rhizosphere by cell-to-cell interacting with microbiome members via the bacterial-killing T4SS.

关键词： Lysobacter enzymogenes antimicrobial metabolites loss of flagell typeⅣsecretion system

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Characterization of core maize volatiles induced by Spodoptera frugiperda that alter the mating-mediated approach–avoidance behaviors of Mythimna separata

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 655-667页

作者： Denghai Yang Hengzhe Fan Ruyi Hu Yong Huang Chengwang Sheng Haiqun Cao Bin Yang Xingchuan Jiang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management/Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education institutes College of Plant ProtectionAnhui Agricultural University State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The fall armyworm(Spodoptera frugiperda) is an invasive species and a destructive pest of maize, which significantly impacts native species and communities via complex mechanisms like competition for resources. However, the interaction between S. frugiperda and local pests remains unclear. In this study, we determined that Oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) females with different mating status displayed different approach–avoidance behaviors towards maize which was infested by S. frugiperda larvae. The virgin M. separata females were repelled, while the mated females were attracted by the S. frugiperda-infested maize. To further understand the olfactory mechanism of this phenomenon, seven volatiles induced by S. frugiperda in maize were characterized by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry(GC-MS), including trans-2-hexenal, linalool, trans-β-farnesene, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, trans-α-bergamotene, and isopentyl acetate. Additionally, electrophysiological and behavioral assays of the seven compounds were performed using both virgin and mated females of M. separata. We determined that virgin and mated females displayed different responses to the herbivore-induced plant volatile(HIPV).Trans-β-farnesene was the core compound for repelling virgin females, and trans-2-hexenal was the key attractant for oviposition in mated female M. separata individuals. These findings help our comprehension of the relationships between maize pests and offer new possibilities for controlling them by olfactory-based strategies.

关键词： chemical ecology mating behavior attractants repellents HIPVs plant volatiles

RPSR1,a major quantitative trait locus for Pythium stalk rot resistance in maize

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 51-61页

作者： Shengfeng He Junbin Chen Chuang Liu Dandan Liu Lei Wang Canxing Duan Wangsheng Zhu State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of plant protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for plant Quarantine Pests China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China institute of plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Pythium stalk rot(PSR)is a destructive disease of maize,severely affecting yield and grain *** identification of quantitative trait loci(QTL)or genes for resistance to PSR forms the basis of diseaseresistant hybrids *** this study,a major QTL,Resistance to Pythium stalk rot 1(RPSR1),was identified from a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from MS71 and *** a recombinant progeny testing strategy,RPSR1 was fine-mapped in a 472 kb *** candidate gene expression,gene knock-down and knock-out studies,a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase gene,PEP RECEPTOR 2(ZmPEPR2),was assigned as a PSR resistance *** results provide insights into the genetic architecture of resistance to PSR in maize,which should facilitate breeding maize for resistance to stalk rot.

关键词： Maize Pythium stalk rot Quantitative trait loci(QTL) LRR-RLK ZmPEPR2

Antibiotic exposure alters the honeybee gut microbiota and may interfere with the honeybee behavioral caste transition

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 260-276页

作者： Zijing Zhang Xiaohuan Mu Qina Cao Yifan Zhai Li Zheng Yan Liu Hao Zheng Xue Zhang Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyHebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-EnvironmentCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBejingChina institute of plant protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJinanChina Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina AgriculturalUniversityBeijingChina

Behavioral division is essential for the sustainability and reproduction of honeybee *** accumulating evidence has documented that antibiotic exposure interferes with bee behavioral divisions,how the gut microbiome,host physiology,and genetic regulation are implicated in this process remains ***,by constructing single-cohort colonies,we validated that the gut microbiota varied in composition between age-matched nurse and forager *** the gut microbiota with a low dose of antibiotic retained the gut bacterial size,but the structure of the microbial community continuously diverged from the control group after antibiotic *** foragers were observed in the antibiotic groups in the field experiment.A combinatorial effect of decreased gut metabolic gene repertoires,reduced brain neurotransmitter titers,and downregulated brain immune genes could potentially be related to behavioral tasks transition *** work indicates that the disturbance to both the gut microbiome and host physiologies after antibiotic exposure may have implications on social behavior development,highlighting the need for further research focusing on antibiotic pollution threatening the honeybee population's health.

关键词： antibiotic resistance Apis mellifera behavioral development immune genes

Genome-wide identification and characterization of putative effectors in Heterodera schachtii that suppress plant immune response

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 196-208页

作者： Ke Yao Menghan Zhang Jianjun Xu Deliang Peng Wenkun Huang Ling'an Kong Shiming Liu Guangkuo Li Huan Peng State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis Institute of Plant ProtectionXinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of KorlaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsUrumqi 830013China Zhongyuan Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXinxiang 453000China

The sugar beet cyst nematode(Heterodera schachtii) is one of the most destructive pathogens in sugar beet production, which causes serious economic losses every year. Few molecular details of effectors of H. schachtii parasitism are known. We analyzed the genome and transcriptome data of H. schachtii and identified multiple potential predicted proteins. After filtering out predicted proteins with high homology to other plant-parasitic nematodes, we performed functional validation of the remaining effector proteins. 37 putative effectors of H. schachtii were screened based on the Nicotiana benthamiana system for identifying the effectors that inhibit plant immune response, eventually determines 13 candidate effectors could inhibit cell death caused by Bax. Among the 13 effectors, nine have the ability to inhibit GPA2/RBP1-induced cell death. All 13 effectortriggered immunity(ETI) suppressor genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR and confirmed to result in a significant downregulation of one or more defense genes during infection compared to empty vector. For in situ hybridization,13 effectors were specifically expressed and located in esophageal gland cells. These data and functional analysis set the stage for further studies on the interaction of H. schachtii with host and H. schachtii parasitic control.

关键词： sugar beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachti effector-triggered immunity hypersensitive response effector

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P450 gene CYP321A8 is responsible for cross-resistance of insecticides in field populations of Spodoptera frugiperda

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 227-242页

作者： Yumei Chen Yongjie Cen Yu Liu Yanan Peng Yiguang Lin Qili Feng Yong Xiao Sichun Zheng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application ResearchInstitute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina institute of plant protection Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhouChina

Continuous and long-term use of traditional and new pesticides can result in cross-resistance among pest populations in different *** on the mechanism of cross-resistance and related genes will help resistance management and field pest *** this study,the pesticide-resistance mechanism in Spodoptera frugiperda(FAW)was studied with field populations in 3 locations of South *** FAW populations were highly resistant to traditional insecticides,chlorpyrifos(organophosphate)and deltamethrin(pyrethroid),and had higher levels of cytochrome P450 activity than a non-resistant laboratory *** of P450 activity by piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the sensitivity of resistant FAW in 3 locations to chlorpyrifos,deltamethrin and chlorantraniliprole(amide),a new type of insecticide,suggesting that P450 detoxification is a critical factor for insecticide resistance in field FAW *** analysis indicated that 18 P450 genes were upregulated in the field FAW populations collected in 3 regions and in 2 consecutive years,with CYP321A8,the most significantly upregulated *** of CYP321A8 messenger RNA by RNA interference resulted in an increased sensitivity to the 3 tested insecticides in the field *** activity and molecular docking analyses indicated that CYP321A8 enzyme was able to metabolize the 3 tested insecticides and interact with 8 other types of insecticides,confirming that CYP321A8 is a key cross-resistance gene with a wide range of substrates in the field FAW populations across the different regions and can be used as a biomarker and target for management of FAW insecticide resistance in fields.

关键词： cross-resistance cytochrome P450 field population insecticide resistance Spodopterafrugiperda

Twinstar is a chitin synthase interacting protein with an essential role in insect cuticle biosynthesis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 209-219页

作者： Xu Zou Jiqiang Chen Yanwei Duan Weixing Zhu Qing Yang State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China

Chitin is an abundant natural biopolymer that plays a crucial role in insect growth and development as a fundamental structural component of the *** membrane-integralβ-glycosyltransferase,chitin synthase,has been identified as the central component in chitin ***,the precise roles of other proteins in facilitating chitin synthase in chitin biosynthesis remain *** this study,we employed split-ubiquitin membrane yeast two-hybrid(MYTH)and pull-down assays to demonstrate the physical interaction between Twinstar(Tsr),a small molecular protein in the actin-depolymerizing factor ADF/Cofilin protein family,and chitin synthase Krotzkopf verkehrt(Kkv)in Drosophila melanogaster in *** RNA interference(RNAi)-mediated global knockdown of Tsr in *** resulted in larval ***,targeted suppression of Tsr in the tracheal and epidermal tissues also led to larval mortality,while knocking down Tsr in the wing tissues led to wrinkled ***,silencing Tsr not only reduced the chitin content in the first longitudinal vein of the wings but also led to the absence of the chitin lamellar *** validate the functional conservation of Tsr in other insect orders,the two agricultural pests Ostrinia furnacalis and Tribolium castaneum,representing lepidoptera and coleoptera insects,respectively,were *** experiments targeting the Drosophila Tsr orthologues OfTsr in *** and TcTsr in *** produced abnormal larvae during molting or pupation in *** and lethality in *** findings not only improve ourknowledge of the chitin biosynthesis machinery in insect cuticles but also provide new potential targets for the control of major agricultural pests.

关键词： chitin chitin synthase Twinstar insect cuticle pest control

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