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Index selection on seed traits under direct,cytoplasmic and maternal effects in multiple environments

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第1期36卷 41-49页

作者： Wenying Zhang Haiming Xu Jun Zhu institute of Bioinformatics College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhefiang University Hangzhou 310029 China institute of plant Genetics and Breeding College of Agriculture Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 China

Crop seeds are important sources of protein, oil, and carbohydrates for food, animal feeds, and industrial products. Recently, much attention has been paid to quality and functional properties of crop seeds. However, seed traits possess some distinct genetic characteristics in comparison with plant traits, which increase the difficulty of genetically improving these traits. In this study, diallel analysis for seed models with genotype by environment interaction （GE） effect was applied to estimate the variance-covariance components of seed traits. Mixed linear model approaches were used to estimate the genetic covariances between pair-wise seed and plant traits. The breeding values （BV） were divided into two categories for the seed models. The first category of BV was defined as the combination of direct additive, cytoplasmic, and maternal additive effects, which should be utilized for selecting stable cultivars over multi-environments. The three genetic effects, together with their GE interaction, were included in the second category of BV for selecting special lines to be grown in specific ecosystems. Accordingly, two types of selection indices for seed traits, i.e., general selection index and interaction selection index, were developed and constructed on the first and the second category BV, respectively. These proposed selection indices can be applied to solve the difficult task of simultaneously improving multiple seed traits in various environments. Data of crop seeds with regard to four seed traits and four yield traits based on the modified diallel crosses in Upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） were used as an example for demonstrating the proposed methodology.

关键词： index selection seed trait mixed linear model approach genotype by environment interaction

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Rice gene expression profiles responding to larval feeding of the striped stem borer at the 1st to 2nd instar stage

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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 273-281页

作者： Yang Sun Yong-Jun Zhang Guang-Chun Cao Shao-Hua Gu Kong-Ming Wu Xi-Wu Gao Yu-Yuan Guo State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing College of Agriculture and biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing China

The objective of this study was to identify rice genes that are in response to the striped stem borer （SSB）（Chilo suppressalis Walker） feeding at the first to second larval stage. Using combined suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） and dot blot approaches, we analyzed the induced defense genes that took place during the first 72 h of infesting intact rice （Oryza sativa L.） plants in sheath tissues with SSB larvae. By sequencing the whole SSH library, 39 expressed sequence tags involved in disease stress, insect stress or other stress responses were identified to be up-regulated by SSB larvae feeding. Among these genes, rice allene oxide cyclase （AOC）, terpene synthase （TPS） and four proteinase inhibitor （PI） genes were up-regulated by SSB larvae feeding. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that four rice PI genes were already up-regulated at 6 h, and reached peaks between 6 h to 12 h. In addition, the transcription ofgene involving in jasmonate signaling pathway such as allene oxide cyclase （AOC） concerning rice early defense response to SSB feeding was activated after rice feeding by SSB for 2 h. Although the expression office terpene synthase （TPS） gene, involved in the biosynthesis ofmonoterpenes or diterpenes, was already up-regulated at 7 h, a significant increase in the expression was delayed until 12 h and reached its peak at 24 h. The present study identified six SSB-response genes and their expression patterns, which provides evidence and information to understand insect stress-response in plants.

关键词： allene oxide cyclase (AOC) proteinase inhibitor (P]) real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) striped stem borer (SSB) suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) terpene synthase (TPS)

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Human pescadillo induces large-scale chromatin unfolding

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第3期48卷 270-276页

作者： ZHANG Hao FANG Yan HUANG Cuifen YANG Xiao YE Qinong Beijing institute of biotechnology Beijing100850China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing100850China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing100850China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing100850China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing100850China

The human pescadillo gene encodes a protein with a BRCT domain. Pescadillo plays an important role in DNA synthesis, cell proliferation and transformation. Since BRCT do- mains have been shown to induce chromatin large-scale unfolding, we tested the role of Pesca- dillo in regulation of large-scale chromatin unfolding. To this end, we isolated the coding region of Pescadillo from human mammary MCF10A cells. Compared with the reported sequence, the isolated Pescadillo contains in-frame deletion from amino acid 580 to 582. Targeting the Pesca- dillo to an amplified, lac operator-containing chromosome region in the mammalian genome re- sults in large-scale chromatin decondensation. This unfolding activity maps to the BRCT domain of Pescadillo. These data provide a new clue to understanding the vital role of Pescadillo.

关键词： Pescadillo, large-scale chromatin unfolding, replication.

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Secondary metabolites of rice sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and their biological activities

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第1期14卷 80-87页

作者： XU Liang WANG Xiao-han LUO Rui-ya LU Shi-qiong GUO Ze-jian WANG Ming-an LIU Yang ZHOU Li-gang Key Laboratory of plant Pathology Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural University institute of Agro-Products Processing and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Eight compounds were isolated from the fermentation cultures of rice sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. They were identified as ergosterol （1）, 6β-hydroxysitostenone （2）, sitostenone （3）, m-hydroxyphenylacetic acid （4）, methyl m-hydroxyphenylacetate （5）, m-hydroxymethylphenyl pentanoate （6）, （Z）-3-methylpent-2-en-1,5-dioic acid （7） and 3-methoxyfuran-2-carboxylic acid （8） by means of physicochemical and spectroscopic analysis. Among them, 2, 3, 5-8 were isolated from R. solani for the first time. All the compounds were evaluated for their biological activities. 4-6 and 8 showed their inhibitory activities on the radical and germ elongation of rice seeds. 1,4 and 7 showed moderate antibacterial activity to some bacteria. 4, 7 and 8 exhibited weak inhibitory activities on spore germination of Magnaporthe oryzae. 8 showed moderate antioxidant activity with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl （DPPH） andβ-carotene-linoleic acid assays. This is the first time to reveal compounds 5, 6 and 8 from rice sheath blight pathogen R. solani to have in vitro phytotoxic activity.

关键词： rice sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn secondary metabolites bioactivities in vitro phytotoxic activity

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Mate-recognition and species boundaries in the ascomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 1-12页

作者： Simon H.Martin Emma T.Steenkamp Michael J.Wingfield Brenda D.Wingfield Department of Genetics Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa Department of Microbiology and plant Pathology Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa

Reproductive gene evolution is commonly invoked as a source of reproductive isolation during *** possibility has not been adequately explored in the Ascomycota,the most species-rich fungal *** mechanisms of mate-recognition in this group are relatively simple:a“mating type”locus determines reproductive mode and sexual compatibility,and two pheromone/receptor pairs control sexual ***,ascomycete reproductive genes can experience unique and interesting evolutionary forces,which could lead to rapid *** this review,we examine the mechanisms of sexual interaction in ascomycetes and explore current evidence as to whether these mechanisms allow for species-specificity in *** discuss the evolutionary forces that can drive reproductive gene divergence,how these may apply in the world of ascomycetes,and their possible consequences for speciation.

关键词： Ascomycota Speciation Mating type Pheromone Receptor

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Stack Heterotrimeric G Proteins and MAPK Cascades on a RACK

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Molecular plant 2015年第12期8卷 1691-1693页

作者： Xiangzong Meng Libo Shan Ping He Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Department of plant Pathology and Microbiology Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Electronic address: pinghe@tamu.edu.

The heterotrimeric G protein complex composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits serves as one of the key signal transducers in eukaryotes. In animals, heterotrimeric G proteins are activated by G protein-coupled receptors...

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Interaction between a Nanovirus-like Component and the Tobacco Curly Shoot Virus/Satellite Complex

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第1期37卷 25-31页

作者： Pei-Jun WU Xue-Ping ZHOU~* institute of biotechnology Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China institute of biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029 China

The biological role of DNA1,a nanovirus-like component shown to be associated with thebegomovirus/satellite complex,has not yet been ***,we demonstrated that DNAl of Tobaccocurly shoot virus isolate Y35(TbCSV-Y35)attenuated leaf-curling symptoms induced by TbCSV-Y35 orTbCSV-Y35 plus Y35 DNAβ in the early stage of symptom development and induced leaf cluster at a laterstage of symptom development in Nicotiana benthamiana *** leaf disc assay demonstrated thatTbCSV-Y35 DNA 1 replicated *** blot analysis revealed that TbCSV-Y35 DNA 1 re-duced viral DNA *** DNA accumulation was not reduced when plants were co-inoculatedwith TbCSV-Y35 DNAβ,but the TbCSV-Y35 DNAβ level was dramatically reduced in the presence ofTbCSV-Y35 DNA *** determine whether the interaction between TbCSV/satellite complex and DNA 1 hadisolate specificity,DNAI of TbCSV isolate Y132 was cloned and *** was found to have 75%nucleotide sequence identity with TbCSV-Y35 DNA *** tests showed that TbCSV-Y 132 DNA 1 hadno effect on the symptoms induced by TbCSV-Y35 or TbCSV-Y35 and Y35 DNAβ in ***,although Y 132 DNA1 could replicate in these plants.

关键词： Tobacco curly shoot virus DNA1 DNAβ symptom replication interaction

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In vitro assessment on medicinal properties and chemical composition of Michelia nilagirica bark

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 782-790页

作者： Babu Venkatadri Ameer Khusro Chirom Aarti Marimuthu Ragavan Rameshkumar Paul Agastian Research Department of plant Biology and biotechnology Loyola College Department of Microbiology and biotechnology Presidency College (Autonomous)

Objective: To outline the antibacterial, antioxidant, a-glucosidase inhibition and anticancer properties of Michelia nilagirica(M. nilagirica) bark ***: The antibacterial activity of bark extracts against human pathogens was assessed by disc diffusion assay. Phytochemical screening, total phenols, flavonoids content, antioxidant and a-glucosidase inhibition properties of bark extracts were investigated by standard methods. In vitro anticancer activity of ethyl acetate extract at various concentrations was observed against Hep G2 cells using MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2 yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. The presence of diverse bioactive constituents in the ethyl acetate extract was identified using FT-IR and GC–MS ***: Ethyl acetate extract was found to be the promising agent against human pathogens tested. The ethyl acetate extracts showed the presence of various phytochemicals and comprised the substantial content of phenolics and flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract showed better antioxidant activities and also revealed remarkable reducing power ability and a-glucosidase inhibition property. The dose dependent assay of extract showed remarkable cancer cell death with IC_(50) value of(303.26 ± 2.30) mg/m L. FTIR and GC–MS results indicated the presence of major bioactive constituents in the ethyl acetate extract of M. nilagirica ***: Revealing the first report on in vitro biological properties and chemical composition analysis of M. nilagirica bark extract, our study implied that this plant could be of great importance in food and pharmaceutical industries.

关键词： Antibacterial Antioxidant Anticancer Bark extract Michelia nilagirica

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Expression of auxin synthesis gene tms1 under control of tuber-specific promoter enhances potato tuberization in vitro

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第9期57卷 734-744页

作者： Oksana O.Kolachevskaya Valeriya V.Alekseeva Lidiya I.Sergeeva Elena B.Rukavtsova Irina A.Getman Dick Vreugdenhil Yaroslav I.Buryanov Georgy A.Romanov Signaling Systems Laboratory Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences plant biotechnology Laboratory Branch of Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Laboratory of plant Physiology Wageningen University Department of Molecular Basis of Ontogenesis Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology Moscow State University

Phytohormones, auxins in particular, play an important role in plant development and productivity. Earlier data showed positive impact of exogenous auxin on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuberization. The aim of this study was to generate potato plants with increased auxin level predominantly in tubers. To this end, a pBinB33-tms1 vector was constructed harboring the Agrobacterium auxin biosynthesis gene tms1 fused to tuber-specific promoter of the class I patatin gene (B33-promoter) of potato. Among numerous independently generated B33:tms1 lines, those without visible differences from control were selected for detailed studies. In the majority of transgenic lines, tms1 gene transcription was detected, mostly in tubers rather than in shoots. Indoleacetic acid (IAA) content in tubers and the auxin tuber-to-shoot ratio were increased in tms1-expressing transformants. The organ-specific increase in auxin synthesis in B33:tms1-transformants accelerated and intensified the process of tuber formation, reduced the dose of carbohydrate supply required for in vitro tuberization, and decreased the photoperiodic dependence of tuber initiation. Overall, a positive correlation was observed between tms1 expression, IAA content in tubers, and stimulation of tuber formation. The revealed properties of B33:tms1 transformants imply an important role for auxin in potato tuberization and offer prospects to magnify potato productivity by a moderate organ-specific enhancement of auxin content.

关键词： Auxin gene expression Solanum tuberosum tms1 transgenic potato tuberization tuber yield

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Effect of chlorpyrifos on soil microbial populations and enzyme activities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 4-5页

作者： SHAN Min FANG Hua WANG Xiao FENG Bo CHU Xiao-qiang YU Yun-long Department of plant Protection College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that acts as an insecticide-acaricide by ingestion, contact, and inhalation, and is now widely used in greenhouse for the control of pests. The dissipation of chlorpyrifos in crops such as orange fruit （Martinez-Vidal et al., 1998）, tomatoes（Aysal et al., 1999）, soil and its effects on soil microbial characteristics （Singh et al., 2002） has been reported frequently. However, little information is available to describe impacts of chlorpyrifos on soil microbial population and enzyme activity in greenhouse. In this study, the effect of chlorpyrifos on soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and soil enzyme activity was investigated.

关键词： chlorpyrifos microorganism soil enzyme

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