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Healing the defects in CsPbI_(3)solar cells by CsPbBr_(3)quantum dots

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4888-4894页

作者： Yanyan Li Linrui Duan Zhuang Zhang Huanhuan Wang Tianyang Chen Jingshan Luo Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Solar Energy Research CenterKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic TechnologyRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Cesium lead iodide(CsPbI_(3))is a promising photo-absorber for perovskite photovoltaics due to its high thermal stability and relatively small bandgap.However,there are many defects in solution processed polycrystalline CsPbI_(3)films especially at the grain boundaries(GBs),which limit the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of CsPbI_(3)solar cells.In this work,we introduced CsPbBr_(3)quantum dots(QDs)on top of the CsPbI_(3)film to passivate the defects.As CsPbBr_(3)QDs have a small size and a similar crystal structure as the CsPbI_(3),they are excellent modifiers to fill in the GBs and heal the defects.Moreover,we find there is an anion exchange reaction between the CsPbBr_(3)QDs and CsPbI_(3)films,which is evidenced by photoluminescence spectra and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction patterns.The QDs treated films show enhanced carrier lifetime and reduced defect density.Additionally,the ligands on CsPbBr_(3)QDs increase the hydrophobicity of the films.As a result,the QDs treated CsPbI_(3)solar cells prepared at high temperature obtain PCEs exceeding 16%with high stability.

关键词： CsPbI_(3)solar cell CsPbBr_(3)quantum dots defect passivation

A neuromorphic device mimicking synaptic plasticity under different body fluid K^(+) homeostasis for artificial reflex path construction and pattern recognition

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 353-361页

作者： Lu Yang Yao Ni Chengpeng Jiang Lu Liu Song Zhang Jiaqi Liu Lin Sun Wentao Xu Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinEngineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic TechnologyMinistry of EducationNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shenzhen Research institute of Nankai University Shenzhen 518000China

The ionic environment of body fluids influences nervous functions for maintaining homeostasis in organisms and ensures normal perceptual abilities and reflex activities.Neural reflex activities,such as limb movements,are closely associated with potassium ions(K+).In this study,we developed artificial synaptic devices based on ion concentration-adjustable gels for emulating various synaptic plasticities under different K+concentrations in body fluids.In addition to performing essential synaptic functions,potential applications in information processing and associative learning using short-and long-term plasticity realized using ion concentration-adjustable gels are presented.Artificial synaptic devices can be used for constructing an artificial neural pathway that controls artificial muscle reflex activities and can be used for image pattern recognition.All tests show a strong relationship with ion homeostasis.These devices could be applied to neuromorphic robots and human-machine interfaces.

关键词： Nervous regulation Artificial synaptic device Ion gel Ion homeostasis Artificial reflex pathway

Li_(2)S doping into CZTSe drives the large improvement of V_(OC) of solar cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 637-644,I0015页

作者： Zhan Shen Siyu Wang Yue Liu Yali Sun Jianyu Wu Hongling Guo Kaizhi Zhang Shengli Zhang Fangfang Liu Yi Zhang Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of photoelectronic thin film devices and technology and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Alkali metal doping or sulfurization are commonly applied in Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) (CZTSe) solar cell to improve the open-circuit voltage (VOC). However, alkali metal sulfide affording both alkali metal and sulfur is seldom to be studied, which restrains the development of kesterite solar cells. In this study, we evaporate Li_(2)S during selenization process and hope to provide both alkali metal and sulfur to CZTSe film. The result indicates that Li shows a gradient distribution near the surface of CZTSe film and the content of S is slight. The film quality is improved and the recombination at grain boundaries is decreased after Li_(2)S treatment. Besides, the bandgap of the absorber gets wider. Under the synergy of sulfur and lithium (mainly from lithium), the work function of the treated absorber gets higher and the conduction band offset (CBO) is in the ideal range. Combined with these contributions, the V_(OC) of the champion device treated by Li_(2)S dramatically increase by 120 mV. This study discloses that alkali metal brings the main effect on the performance of the kesterite solar cell even an alkali metal sulfide is evaporated, which deepens the understanding of sulfurization of CZTSe and also promote the progress of kesterite solar cells.

关键词： Li_(2)S treatment Surface passivation V_(OC)enhancement Band alignment

The removal of inevitable NOx species in catalysts and the selection of appropriate membrane for measuring electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis accurately

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 51-58页

作者： Huimin Liu Yidan Zhang Jingshan Luo Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic TechnologyRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Ammonia synthesis by electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is considered as a promising alternative to the Haber−Bosch process.However,due to the extremely low ammonia yield and easily accessible extraneous contamination in the laboratory,NRR study always suffers from fluctuation and variability.Finding and eliminating all kinds of possible extraneous contamination is crucial to evaluate the performance of electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis accurately.In this work,we systematically explored two factors that affect NRR results but are easy to be ignored:the selection of membrane for NRR and the unconscious N-source in NRR catalysts.After series of experiments,we proposed a low-cost and almost pollution-free Celgard 3501 membrane as the separator for NRR to avoid the adsorption and release of ammonia by the membrane.In addition,we proposed a pre-reduction strategy to remove residual or adsorbed NOx contaminants in catalysts.These two solutions will help the community to evaluate the NRR activity more accurately.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reduction reaction Nafion membrane Nitrate impurity Pre-reduction

Boosting Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)thin film Growth in Low-Temperature Rapid-Deposition Processes:An Improved Design for the Single-Heating Knudsen Effusion Cell

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Engineering 2021年第4期7卷 534-541页

作者： Yunxiang Zhang Shuping Lin Shiqing Cheng Zhichao He Zhaojing Hu Zhiqiang Zhou Wei Liu Yun Sun Key Laboratory of photoelectronic thin film devices and technology of Tianjin Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film and DevicesCollege of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Engineering Center of thin film photoelectronic technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film and DevicesCollege of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

The Knudsen effusion cell is often used to grow high-quality Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)thin film in coevaporation processes.However,the traditional single-heating Knudsen effusion cell cannot deliver complete metal selenides during the whole deposition process,particularly for a low-temperature deposition process,which is probably due to the condensation and droplet ejection at the nozzle of the crucible.In this study,thermodynamics analysis is conducted to decipher the reason for this phenomenon.Furthermore,a new single-heating Knudsen effusion is proposed to solve this difficult problem,which leads to an improvement in the quality of CIGS film and a relative increase in conversion efficiency of 29%at a growth rate of about 230 nmmin1,compared with the traditional efficiency in a lowtemperature rapid-deposition process.

关键词： Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2) Knudsen effusion cell Condensation Droplet ejection Low temperature

Influence of selenium evaporation temperature on the structure of Cu_2ZnSnSe_4 thin film deposited by a co-evaporation process

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第4期36卷 74-77页

作者：孙顶许盛之张力陈泽葛阳王宁梁雪娇魏长春赵颖张晓丹 institute of Photo Electronics thin film devices and technology Nankai UniversityKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology

Cu2ZnSnSe4(CZTSe) thin film solar cells have been fabricated using a one-step co-evaporation technique. The structural properties of polycrystalline CZTSe films deposited at different selenium evaporation temperatures(TSe) have been investigated using X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. A relationship between TSeand the secondary phases deposited in the initial stage is established to explain the experimental observations. The Se flux is not necessarily increased too much to reduce Sn loss and the consumption of Se during fabrication could also be reduced. The best solar cell, with an efficiency of 2.32%,was obtained at a medium TSe of 230℃ (active area 0.34 cm2).

关键词：薄膜淀积蒸发温度工艺结构薄膜太阳能电池 X射线衍射光谱扫描电子显微镜蒸镀原子力显微镜

Recent progress on efficient perovskite/organic tandem solar cells

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第8期83卷 158-172,I0006页

作者： Rongbo Wang Meidouxue Han Ya Wang Juntao Zhao Jiawei Zhang Yi Ding Ying Zhao Xiaodan Zhang Guofu Hou Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterSolar Energy Conversion CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of photoelectronic thin film devices and technology of Tianjin Tianjin 300350China Engineering Research Center of thin film photoelectronic technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin 300350China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300350China

The concept of tandem solar cells(TSCs) is an effective way to substantially further improve the efficiency of solar cells. The excellent optoelectronic properties and bandgap tunability of perovskites make them promising for constructing efficient TSCs. Currently, TSCs based on perovskite have been extensively studied. Besides, the performance of organic solar cells has been greatly improved recently due to the wider and more efficient spectral utilization. Accordingly, research on perovskite/organic TSCs has garnered significant attention. It has potential application advantages in emerging fields such as wearable devices by virtue of flexibility. In addition, orthogonal solvents can be adopted to realize the separate preparation of subcells with the solution method, which greatly reduces fabrication complexity;moreover, fabrication with less equipment significantly cuts down the device cost. Meanwhile, organics with more adjustability on the optoelectronic properties provide more tuning strategies for high-performance perovskite/organic TSCs. However, comprehensive and timely reviews on the perovskite/organic TSCs are deficient. Therefore, we expect to accomplish a review on this innovative TSCs to facilitate researchers with a deeper understanding of perovskite/organic TSCs. Herein, we firstly review the significant progress of perovskite and organic solar cells. Then, current achievements of perovskite/organic TSCs are summarized and introduced with a particular focus on the device structure design. Finally, we discuss existential challenges and propose effective strategies for future engineering.

关键词： Tandem solar cells Perovskite Organic solarcells Interconnecting layer

Sub-stochiometric MoO_(x) by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering as hole-selective passivating contacts for silicon heterojunction solar cells

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第9期31卷 597-603页

作者：杨秀芳赵生盛黄茜郁超周佳凯柳晓宁苏祥林赵颖侯国付 Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University Tianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of photoelectronic thin film devices and technology of Tianjin Tianjin 300350China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China Engineering Center of thin film photoelectronic technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin 300350China Suzhou Maxwell Automation Equipment Co.Ltd Suzhou 215299China

The silicon heterojunction(SHJ)solar cell has long been considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation PV market.Transition metal oxides(TMOs)show good carrier selectivity when combined with c-Si solar cells.This has led to the rapid demonstration of the remarkable potential of TMOs(especially MoO_(x))with high work function to replace the p-type a-Si:H emitting layer.MoO_(x) can induce a strong inversion layer on the interface of n-type c-Si,which is beneficial to the extraction and conduction of holes.In this paper,the radio-frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering is used to deposit MoO_(x) films.The optical,electrical and structural properties of MoO_(x) films are measured and analyzed,with focus on the inherent compositions and work function.Then the MoO_(x) films are applied into SHJ solar cells.When the MoO_(x) works as a buffer layer between ITO/p-a-Si:H interface in the reference SHJ solar cell,a conversion efficiency of 19.1%can be obtained.When the MoOx is used as a hole transport layer(HTL),the device indicates a desirable conversion efficiency of 17.5%.To the best of our knowledge,this current efficiency is the highest one for the MoO_(x) film as HTL by RF sputtering.

关键词： radio-frequency magnetron sputtering silicon heterojunction(SHJ)solar cell MoO_(x) hole transport layer

Interfaces of high-efficiency kesterite Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4 thin film solar cells

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第1期27卷 2-18页

作者：高守帅姜振武武莉敖建平曾玉孙云张毅 Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and TechnologyNankai University The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics School of Physics Nankai University

Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4(CZTS(e)) solar cells have attracted much attention due to the elemental abundance and the nontoxicity.However,the record efficiency of 12.6% for Cu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4(CZTSSe)solar cells is much lower than that of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2(CIGS)solar cells.One crucial reason is the recombination at interfaces.In recent years,large amount investigations have been done to analyze the interfacial problems and improve the interfacial properties via a variety of methods.This paper gives a review of progresses on interfaces of CZTS(e)solar cells,including:(i)the band alignment optimization at buffer/CZTS(e)interface,(ii)tailoring the thickness of MoS(e)_2 interfacial layers between CZTS(e)absorber and Mo back contact,(iii)the passivation of rear interface,(iv)the passivation of front interface,and(v)the etching of secondary phases.

关键词： Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells kesterite interface passivation