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Brain metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease:biological mechanisms of exercise

Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 443-463页

作者： Longfei Xu Ran Liu Yingkai Qin Tianhui Wang institute of Environmental and Operational medicine Academy of Military Medical SciencesAcademy of Military SciencesTianjin 300050China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology&sports medicine Tianjin University of SportTianjin 301617China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a major subtype of neurodegenerative dementia caused by long-term interactions and accumulation of multiple adverse factors,accompanied by dysregulation of numerous intracellular signaling and molecular pathways in the *** the cellular and molecular levels,the neuronal cellular milieu of the AD brain exhibits metabolic abnormalities,compromised bioenergetics,impaired lipid metabolism,and reduced overall metabolic capacity,which lead to abnormal neural network activity and impaired neuroplasticity,thus accelerating the formation of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary *** current absence of effective pharmacological therapies for AD points to the urgent need to investigate the benefits of non-pharmacological approaches such as physical *** the evidence that regular physical activity can improve metabolic dysfunction in the AD state,inhibit different pathophysiological molecular pathways associated with AD,influence the pathological process of AD,and exert a protective effect,there is no clear consensus on the specific biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the advantages of physical ***,we review how physical exercise improves crucial molecular pathways and biological processes associated with metabolic disorders in AD,including glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,Aβmetabolism and transport,iron metabolism and tau *** metabolic states influence brain health is also presented.A better knowledge on the neurophysiological mechanisms by which exercise improves AD metabolism can contribute to the development of novel drugs and improvement of non-pharmacological interventions.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Exercise Glucose and lipid metabolism Aβmetabolism Iron metabolism Tau pathology

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Mechanical analysis of the femoral neck dynamic intersection system with different nail angles and clinical applications

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4814-4823页

作者： Ying Wang Jian-Xiong Ma Hao-Hao Bai Bin Lu Lei Sun Hong-Zhen Jin Xin-Long Ma orthopaedics institute Tianjin HospitalTianjin UniversityTianjin 300050China

BACKGROUND The femoral neck dynamic intersection system(FNS)is mechanically more stable than other internal fixation *** studies have confirmed that the structural design of FNS has good biomechanical properties in European and American ***,whether the suitability of the FNS's 130°main nail angle design for Asian populations has been thoroughly investigated remains *** To compare the biomechanical stability differences among different main nail angles of the FNS in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in Asian *** Computed tomography data of the femur of healthy adult male volunteers were imported into Mimics software to create a three-dimensional model of the *** model was adapted to the curve using Geomagic software and imported into Solidworks software to construct the Pauwels I femoral neck fracture model and design the FNS internal fixation model using different main nail ***,the models were assembled with the FNS fracture model and meshed using the preprocessing Hypermesh ***,they were imported into Abaqus software to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical effects of different angles of the FNS main nail on the treatment of femoral neck *** The peak displacement of the proximal femur under different angles of FNS fixation under stress was 7.446 millimeters in the 120°group and 7.416 millimeters in the 125°group;in the 130°,135°,and 140°FNS fixation groups,the peak displacement was 7.324 millimeters,8.138 millimeters,and 8.246 millimeters,*** the 120°and 125°FNS fixation groups,the maximum stresses were concentrated at the main nail and the anti-rotation screw,which intersected the fracture line of the femur neck,resulting in peak stresses of 200.7 MPa and 138.8 MPa,*** stresses of 208.8 MPa,219.8 MPa,and 239.3 MPa were observed on the angular locking plate distal to the locking screw in the 130°,135°,and 140°fixation ***

关键词： Femoral neck dynamic intersection system Biomechanics Three-dimensional reconstruction Nail angle Finite element analysis Stress

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles:A promising therapeutic strategy in diabetic osteoporosis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第12期15卷 2399-2403页

作者： Ya-Jing Yang Xi-Er Chen Xu-Chang Zhou Feng-Xia Liang Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065Hubei ProvinceChina College of sports medicine Wuhan Sports UniversityWuhan 430079Hubei ProvinceChina School of Sport medicine and Rehabilitation Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China Preventive Treatment of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopaedics of Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065Hubei ProvinceChina

Diabetic osteoporosis(DOP)is a serious complication of diabetes *** is urgent to explore efficient clinical treatment strategies for *** has been found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs),as an emerging cell-free therapy,show great potential in DOP ***-EVs can effectively promote bone formation,inhibit bone resorption,and modulate the inflammatory microenvironment by delivering cargoes of microRNAs,long non-coding RNAs,and proteins to target cells,thereby ameliorating bone loss in ***,there are limited reports on the treatment of DOP with *** evoke more attention to this potential strategy,this article summarised the extant literature on MSC-EVs for DOP to provide new directions for further research and to promote the application of MSC-EVs in the clinical management of DOP.

关键词： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells extracellular vesicles MicroRNAs Long non-coding RNAs Diabetic osteoporosis

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Long noncoding RNAs in mesenchymal stromal/stem cells osteogenic differentiation:Implications in osteoarthritis pathogenesis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第6期14卷 429-434页

作者： Daniel Quintero Hugo C Rodriguez Anish G Potty Dimitrios Kouroupis Ashim Gupta Department of orthopaedics Division of Sports MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Holy Cross Orthopedic institute:Fort Lauderdale Practice Oakland ParkFL 33334United States South Texas Orthopedic Research institute LaredoTX 78045 United States Diabetes Research institute Cell Transplant CenterUniversity of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States BioIntegrate LawrencevilleGA 30043United States Future Biologics LawrencevilleGA 30043United States

This letter focuses on a recently published article that provided an exceptional description of the effect of epigenetic modifications on gene expression patterns related to skeletal system ***,it discusses a novel modality of epigenetic regulation,the long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),and provides evidence of their involvement in mesenchymal stromal/stem cells osteo-/adipogenic differentiation *** focus on lncRNAs,there is an emerging cross talk between lncRNAs and miRNAs interaction as a novel mechanism in the regulation of the function of the musculoskeletal system,by controlling bone homeostasis and bone regeneration,as well as the osteogenic differentiation of stem ***,we touched on some examples to demonstrate this *** addition,we believe there is still much to discover from the effects of lncRNAs on progenitor and non-progenitor cell *** incorporated data from other published articles to review lncRNAs in normal progenitor cell osteogenic differentiation,determined lncRNAs involved in osteoarthritis pathogenesis in progenitor cells,and provided a review of lncRNAs in non-progenitor cells that are differentially regulated in *** conclusion,we really enjoyed reading this article and with this information we hope to further our understanding of lncRNAs and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells regulation.

关键词： Long noncoding RNAs Epigenetics Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells Degenerative bone diseases Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis

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使用细胞外基质启发的天然水凝胶支架促进骨软骨修复与透明软骨形成

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Science Bulletin 2023年第17期68卷 1904-1917页

作者：代文立程锦闫文强曹宸喜赵逢源李琪胡晓青王健全敖英芳 Beijing Key Laboratory of sports Injuries Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking UniversityPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China

骨软骨缺损是一个巨大的挑战,目前临床上尚未确定满意的修复策略.尤其是不恰当的修复方法可能导致纤维软骨和软骨下骨的生成,从而导致骨软骨组织的退化,最终导致修复失败.本研究受天然细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)中固有的化... 详细信息

骨软骨缺损是一个巨大的挑战,目前临床上尚未确定满意的修复策略.尤其是不恰当的修复方法可能导致纤维软骨和软骨下骨的生成,从而导致骨软骨组织的退化,最终导致修复失败.本研究受天然细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)中固有的化学成分的启发,提出了一种由天然多糖和多肽组成的新型仿生ECM支架,用于骨软骨修复.通过对天然生物聚合物进行修饰改性,形成具有可逆的客体-主体网络和刚性的共价网络的双网络结构,该支架不仅表现出优秀的生物相容性、细胞适应性和生物可降解性,还具有卓越的机械性能以适应骨软骨组织的环境.在兔的骨软骨缺损中,这种受ECM启发的支架不仅展示了强大的促进透明软骨形成的能力,还加速了具有优良骨密度的软骨下骨的再生.此外,新生的软骨和软骨下骨表现出了天然软骨的异质性特征,模拟了软骨到软骨下骨的渐进过渡.这些结果突显了该新型仿生ECM支架在临床应用中的潜在价值.

关键词：透明软骨软骨下骨骨软骨纤维软骨细胞外基质生物可降解性生物聚合物天然多糖

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Promoting musculoskeletal system soft tissue regeneration by biomaterial-mediated modulation of macrophage polarization

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第11期6卷 4096-4109页

作者： Jinchun Ye Chang Xie Canlong Wang Jiayun Huang Zi Yin Boon Chin Heng Xiao Chen Weiliang Shen Department of Orthopedic Surgery(sports medicine)of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Dr.Li Dak Sum&Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative medicine of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of sports medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina institute of sports medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina China Orthopedic Regenerative medicine Group(CORMed) HangzhouChina Central Laboratories Peking University School of StomatologyBeijingChina

Musculoskeletal disorders are common in clinical *** critical-sized defects in musculoskeletal systems remains a challenge for researchers and surgeons,requiring the application of tissue engineering *** application depends on the response of the host tissue to the biomaterial and specific healing process of each anatomical *** commonly-held view is that biomaterials should be biocompatible to minimize local host immune ***,a growing number of studies have shown that active modulation of the immune cells,particularly macrophages,via biomaterials is an effective way to control immune response and promote tissue regeneration as well as biomaterial ***,we critically review the role of macrophages in the repair of injured musculoskeletal system soft tissues,which have relatively poor regenerative capacities,as well as discuss further enhancement of target tissue regeneration via modulation of macrophage polarization by biomaterial-mediated immunomodulation(biomaterial properties and delivery systems).This active regulation approach rather than passive-evade strategy maximizes the potential of biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal system soft tissue regeneration and provides alternative therapeutic options for repairing critical-sized defects.

关键词： Biomaterials Drug delivery systems Macrophage polarization Musculoskeletal system soft tissue Regenerative medicine

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Effects of higher femoral tunnels on clinical outcomes,MRI,and second-look findings in double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a minimal 5-year follow-up

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 465-472页

作者： Lin Lin Haijun Wang Jian Wang Yongjian Wang Yourong Chen Jiakuo Yu sports medicine Department Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Peking University institute of sports medicine Beijing 100191China

Background:To perform anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR),tunnels should be placed relatively higher in the femoral anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)footprint based on the findings of direct and indirect femoral *** the clinical results of higher femoral tunnels(HFT)in double-bundle ACLR(DB-ACLR)remain *** purpose was to investigate the clinical results of HFT and lower femoral tunnels(LFT)in ***:From September 2014 to February 2016,83 patients who underwent DB-ACLR and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into HFT-ACLR(group 1,n=37)and LFT-ACLR(group 2,n=46)according to the position of femoral *** and at the final follow-up,clinical scores were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),Tegner activity,and Lysholm *** stability of the knee was evaluated with KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift *** degeneration grades of the International Cartilage Repair Society(ICRS)were evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Graft tension,continuity,and synovialization were evaluated by second-look ***-to-sports was assessed at the final ***:Significantly better improvement were found for KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift test postoperatively in group 1(P>0.05).Posterolateral bundles(PL)showed significantly better results in second-look arthroscopy regarding graft tension,continuity,and synovialization(P0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in IKDC subjective score,Tegner activity,and Lysholm score between the two *** return-to-sports rate was found in group 1 with 86.8%(32/37)vs.65.2%(30/46)in group 2(P=0.027).Conclusion:The HFT-ACLR group showed better stability results,better PL,and higher return-to-spo

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Direct insertion Double bundle Second-look arthroscopy Femoral tunnel Anterior cruciate ligament rupture

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Discovery of Muscle-Tendon Progenitor Subpopulation in Human Myotendinous Junction at Single-Cell Resolution

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Research 2023年第2期2022卷 65-80页

作者： Ruojin Yan Hong Zhang Yuanzhu Ma Ruifu Lin Bo Zhou Tao Zhang Chunmei Fan Yuxiang Zhang Zetao Wang Tianshun Fang Zi Yin Youzhi Cai Hongwei Ouyang Xiao Chen Dr.Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of sports medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina China Orthopedic Regenerative medicine Group(CORMed) HangzhouChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh institute Zhejiang University School of Medicineand Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Orthopaedic and Center for sports medicine The First Afiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University ZhejiangHangzhouChina

The myotendinous junction(MTJ)is a complex and special anatomical area that connects muscles and tendons,and it is also the key to repairing ***,the anatomical structure and connection structure of MTJ,the cluster and... 详细信息

关键词： tendon Myo muscles

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Changes in ankle work,foot work,and tibialis anterior activation throughout a long run

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 330-338页

作者： Eric C.Honert Florian Ostermair Vinzenzvon Tscharner Benno M.Nigg Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada institute of sports and sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany Department of sports Science and sports Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-NurembergErlangen 91058Germany

Background The ankle and foot together contribute to over half of the positive and negative work performed by the lower limbs during ***,little is known about how foot kinetics change throughout a *** amount of negative foot work may decrease as tibialis anterior(TA)electromyography(EMG)changes throughout longer-duration ***,we examined ankle and foot work as well as TA EMG changes throughout a changing-speed *** Fourteen heel-striking subjects ran on a treadmill for 58 *** collected ground reaction forces,motion capture,and *** ran at 110%,100%,and 90%of their 10-km running speed and 2.8 m/s multiple times throughout the *** work was evaluated using the distal rearfoot work,which provides a net estimate of all work contributors within the *** Positive foot work increased and positive ankle work decreased throughout the run at all *** the 110%10-km running speed,negative foot work decreased and TA EMG frequency shifted lower throughout the *** increase in positive foot work may be attributed to increased foot joint work performed by intrinsic foot *** in negative foot work and TA EMG frequency may indicate that the TA plays a role in negative foot work in the early stance of a *** This study is the first to examine how the kinetic contributions of the foot change throughout a *** studies should investigate how increases in foot work affect running performance.

关键词： Electromyography Footwear Running performance

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Microgel-based carriers enhance skeletal stem cell reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype in osteoarthritic therapy

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第4期34卷 204-220页

作者： Pei-Lin Li Da-Fu Chen Xiao-Tong Li Rui-Cong Hao Zhi-Dong Zhao Zhi-Ling Li Bo-Feng Yin Jie Tang Yu-Wen Luo Chu-Tse Wu Jing-Jun Nie Heng Zhu Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative medicine Beijing Institute of Radiation MedicineRoad Taiping 27Beijing100850PR China Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology Beijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijing100850PR China Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsNational Center for OrthopaedicsBeijing Research Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsBeijing Jishuitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityRoad Xinjiekou 31Beijing100035PR China People’s Liberation Army General Hospital Road Fuxing 28Beijing100853PR China

Skeletal stem cells(SSC)have gained attentions as candidates for the treatment of osteoarthritis due to their osteochondrogenic ***,the immunomodulatory properties of SSC,especially under delivery operations,have been largely *** the study,we found that Pdpn+and Grem1+SSC subpopulations owned immunoregulatory potential,and the single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data suggested that the mechanical activation of microgel carriers on SSC induced the generation of Pdpn+Grem1+Ptgs2+SSC subpopulation,which was potent at suppressing macrophage *** microgel carriers promoted the YAP nuclear translocation,and the activated YAP protein was necessary for the increased expression of Ptgs2 and PGE2 in microgels-delivered SSC,which further suppressed the expression of TNF-ɑ,IL-1βand promoted the expression of IL-10 in *** delivered with microgels yielded better preventive effects on articular lesions and macrophage activation in osteoarthritic rats than SSC without *** blocking the YAP and Ptgs2 in microgels-delivered SSC partially abolished the enhanced protection on articular tissues and suppression on osteoarthritic ***,microgel carriers significantly prolonged SSC retention time in vivo without increasing SSC implanting into osteoarthritic ***,our study demonstrated that microgel carriers enhanced SSC reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype to regulate macrophage phenotype transformation for effectively osteoarthritic therapy by promoting YAP protein translocation into *** study not only complement and perfect the immunological mechanisms of SSC-based therapy at the single-cell level,but also provide new insight for microgel carriers in stem cell-based therapy.

关键词： Microgel carriers Skeletal stem cells Immunomodulation reprogram Single-cell RNA sequence Osteoarthritis

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