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Direct and rapid detection of serum amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters to assist the diagnosis of panic disorder

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 377-384页

作者： Shiwen Liu Xuerui Wan Meng Zhao Jiaqi Wang Weilan Wu Linlin You Yonggui Yuan Qian Xu Rong Gao Key Laboratory of environmental medicine Engineering Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry Zhongda Hospital School of Medicine Southeast University

The measurement of amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters（NTs） in serum plays a central role in the identification and monitoring of clinical panic disorder（PD）. However, the strong polarity and chemical heterogeneity of NTs make direct extraction and rapid detection extremely challenging. Herein, we developed a strategy that integrated solid phase extraction based on magnetic Fe3O4coated with polydopamine（Fe3O4@PDA） and direct analysis of mass spectrometry in real time（DART-MS） for quantification of 10 NTs. We systematically investigated the optimal conditions of this strategy to achieve good accuracy and precision. Compared with existing magnetic solid phase extraction methods for NTs detection in biological samples, this strategy could adsorb more targets while having similar adsorption efficiencies, and the total process time was reduced by an average of 69.42%. We rapidly determined the metabolic abnormality of 6 types of NTs in the serum of PD patients and demonstrated their diagnostic accuracy. In addition, an outstanding feature of PD in which tryptophan was more metabolized by the KYN pathway and the 5-hydroxytryptamine pathway was inhibited could be elucidated by this strategy. Our results highlighted the potential ability of Fe3O4@PDA coupled with DART-MS to assist in the clinical diagnosis of PD.

关键词： neurotransmitters panic disorder magnetic solid phase extraction direct analysis of mass spectrometry in real time

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Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2520-2537页

作者： Chonglin Su Taiqi Huang Meiyu Zhang Yanyu Zhang Yan Zeng Xingxing Chen Brain Science and Advanced Technology institute Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlSchool of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental *** the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and *** glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic *** interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive *** appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive *** with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive *** emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive *** provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium signaling glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoid glutamate transmission hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis long-term potentiation neurocognitive disorders neuroplasticity stress

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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

关键词： meta-analysis nitrogen enrichment soil organic carbon carbon accumulation carbon stability

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João B.Relvas institute of Research and Innovation in health(i3S)and institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and neuromodulation techniques:a systematic review of progress and prospects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2218-2230页

作者： Rahul Mittal Keelin McKenna Grant Keith Evan McKenna Joana R.N.Lemos Jeenu Mittal Khemraj Hirani Diabetes Research institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA School of medicine and Public health University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA

Neuromodulation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy represents a significant area of interest in the management of chronic pain associated with this *** peripheral neuropathy,a common complication of diabetes,is characterized by nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels that lead to symptoms,such as pain,tingling,and numbness,primarily in the hands and *** aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulatory techniques as potential therapeutic interventions for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,while also examining recent developments in this *** investigation encompassed an array of neuromodulation methods,including frequency rhythmic electrical modulated systems,dorsal root ganglion stimulation,and spinal cord *** systematic review suggests that neuromodulatory techniques may be useful in the treatment of diabetic peripheral *** the advantages of these treatments will enable physicians and other healthcare providers to offer additional options for patients with symptoms refractory to standard pharmacologic *** these efforts,we may improve quality of life and increase functional capacity in patients suffering from complications related to diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： diabetes mellitus diabetic peripheral neuropathy neuromodulation neurostimulation therapy non-pharmacological treatment pain management

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Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO KYUNG PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG HEE LIM SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced institute of health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

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Late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic volcanic-sedimentary history of the southeastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Timing of uplift of the Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 297-309页

作者： Wenxing HAO Jin-Hui YANG Guang ZHU State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Resource and environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology

The Kulun region is located in the eastern Bainaimiao arc belt on the southeastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB), adjacent to the North China Craton(NCC) to the south. This region records the closure of the PaleoAsian Ocean during the Paleozoic to early Mesozoic and is key to study the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the *** conducted zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope analysis of volcanic-sedimentary and intrusive rocks in the Kulun region. The volcanic-sedimentary rocks were previously assigned an early Carboniferous age, but include volcanic rocks with ages of 267–266 Ma and sedimentary rocks with youngest detrital zircon age peaks of 265–244 Ma, which were intruded by a granite with an age of 242 Ma. This indicates that these rocks are actually middle Permian to Middle Triassic in age(267–242Ma) and correspond to the Qingfengshan and Liujiagou formations. Moreover, two volcanic rock samples have high εHf(t) values(+1.6 to +16.1) and relatively young two-stage Hf model ages(1095–327 Ma), indicating their sources associated with the CAOB. The age spectra and Hf isotopic characteristics of detrital zircons from the sedimentary rocks suggest that, during the middle Permian to Middle Triassic, the sedimentary provenance in the Kulun region was mainly the CAOB. However, by the Early Jurassic, the provenance changed to the NCC(i.e., the Inner Mongolia Paleo-uplift, IMPU). This result, combined with the development of a series of conglomerates on the northern margin of the NCC in the Late Triassic(i.e., Xingshikou, Xiaoyingzi,and Xiaohekou formations), indicates the Kulun region experienced an abrupt change in paleogeography during the Late Triassic, with the IMPU undergoing significant uplift and thus becoming the main sediment source in the Kulun region. Based on the Late Triassic alkaline igneous belt(235–215 Ma) in the IMPU, we speculate that this uplift was caused by detachment of the southward-subducting Paleo-Asian oceanic

关键词： Central Asian Orogenic Belt the North China Craton Zircon geochronology Hf isotopes Inner Mongolia Paleo-uplift

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Gut microbiota in cancer initiation,development and therapy

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Ruyi Zhang Xiang Zhang Harry Cheuk Hay Lau Jun Yu institute of Digestive Disease and Department of medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong Kong

Cancer has long been associated with genetic and environmental factors,but recent studies reveal the important role of gut microbiota in its initiation and *** 13%of cancers are linked to infectious agents,highlighting the need to identify the specific microorganisms *** microbiota can either promote or inhibit cancer growth by influencing oncogenic signaling pathways and altering immune *** can lead to cancer,while certain probiotics and their metabolites may help reestablish microecological balance and improve anti-tumor immune *** into targeted approaches that enhance therapy with probiotics is ***,the effects of probiotics in humans are complex and not yet fully ***,methods to counteract harmful bacteria are still in *** clinical trials also indicate that modifying gut microbiota may help manage side effects of cancer *** research is crucial to understand better how gut microbiota can be used to improve cancer prevention and treatment outcomes.

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Smart Gas Sensors:Recent Developments and Future Prospective

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 55-86页

作者： Boyang Zong Shufang Wu Yuehong Yang Qiuju Li Tian Tao Shun Mao College of environmental Science and Engineering Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research InstituteShanghai East HospitalState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseTongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Microbiome medicine Center Department of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280People’s Republic of China

Gas sensor is an indispensable part of modern society withwide applications in environmental monitoring,healthcare,food industry,public safety,*** the development of sensor technology,wireless communication,smart monitoring terminal,cloud storage/computing technology,and artificial intelligence,smart gas sensors represent the future of gassensing due to their merits of real-time multifunctional monitoring,earlywarning function,and intelligent and automated *** electronicand optoelectronic gas sensors have been developed for high-performancesmart gas *** the development of smart terminals and the maturityof integrated technology,flexible and wearable gas sensors play an increasingrole in gas *** review highlights recent advances of smart gassensors in diverse *** structural components and fundamentalprinciples of electronic and optoelectronic gas sensors are described,andflexible and wearable gas sensor devices are ***,sensorarray with artificial intelligence algorithms and smart gas sensors in“Internet of Things”paradigm are ***,the challengesand perspectives of smart gas sensors are discussed regarding the future need of gas sensors for smart city and healthy living.

关键词： Smart gas sensor Electronic sensor Optoelectronic sensor Flexible and wearable sensor Artificial intelligence

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Peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for major depressive disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1541-1554页

作者： Jinmei Ye Cong Duan Jiaxin Han Jinrong Chen Ning Sun Yuan Li Tifei Yuan Daihui Peng Division of Mood Disorder Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Brain Health InstituteNational Center for Mental DisordersShanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

In the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder, chronic stress-related neuroinflammation hinders favorable prognosis and antidepressant response. Mitochondrial DNA may be an inflammatory trigger, after its release from stress-induced dysfunctional central nervous system mitochondria into peripheral circulation. This evidence supports the potential use of peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder. Herein, we critically review the neuroinflammation theory in major depressive disorder, providing compelling evidence that mitochondrial DNA release acts as a critical biological substrate, and that it constitutes the neuroinflammatory disease pathway. After its release, mitochondrial DNA can be carried in the exosomes and transported to extracellular spaces in the central nervous system and peripheral circulation. Detectable exosomes render encaged mitochondrial DNA relatively stable. This mitochondrial DNA in peripheral circulation can thus be directly detected in clinical practice. These characteristics illustrate the potential for mitochondrial DNA to serve as an innovative clinical biomarker and molecular treatment target for major depressive disorder. This review also highlights the future potential value of clinical applications combining mitochondrial DNA with a panel of other biomarkers, to improve diagnostic precision in major depressive disorder.

关键词： biomarker cytokine exosomes inflammasome major depressive disorder microglia mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial dysfunction neuroinflammation Toll-like receptor

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