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Optical Spiral Predator-Prey Dynamics

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Chinese Physics Letters 2025年第2期42卷 48-66页

作者： Juan Wu Yu-Hui Zhuang Yi Hu Jing-Jun Xu The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear photonics TEDA Applied Institute and School of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjin 300457China

Chase-and-escape motion,which is a typical behavior between a predator and prey,is an important dynamics in animate *** has been concerned recently in optics aiming for achieving novel light steering and switching ***,this optical counterpart can be realized in only one dimension because of the challenges in maintaining the chase-and-escape ***,we report,both theoretically and experimentally,the optical predator-prey dynamics in two dimensions for the first *** nonreciprocal interaction,two beams can form a localized or oblique spiral chase-and-escape motion,which persists owing to the mutual light *** optical phenomena are observed in these dynamics:the angular momentum is not conserved and the resulting transverse traveling motion can be opposite to the applied initial momentum and enhanced by increasing the internal light *** results can inspire further fundamental studies by exploring analogous animate phenomena in optics that are potentially useful for developing optical intelligence functions.

关键词： functions. interaction. momentum

Enhanced battery life prediction with reduced data demand via semi-supervised representation learning

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 524-534页

作者： Liang Ma Jinpeng Tian Tieling Zhang Qinghua Guo Chi Yung Chung School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Research Centre for Grid Modernisation The Hong Kong Polytechnic University photonics Research institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong

Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL) is crucial for the design and management of lithium-ion *** various machine learning models offer promising predictions,one critical but often overlooked challenge is their demand for considerable run-to-failure data for *** of such training data leads to prohibitive testing efforts as the run-to-failure tests can last for ***,we propose a semi-supervised representation learning method to enhance prediction accuracy by learning from data without RUL *** approach builds on a sophisticated deep neural network that comprises an encoder and three decoder heads to extract time-dependent representation features from short-term battery operating data regardless of the existence of RUL *** approach is validated using three datasets collected from 34 batteries operating under various conditions,encompassing over 19,900 charge and discharge *** method achieves a root mean squared error(RMSE)within 25 cycles,even when only 1/50 of the training dataset is labelled,representing a reduction of 48%compared to the conventional *** also demonstrate the method's robustness with varying numbers of labelled data and different weights assigned to the three decoder *** projection of extracted features in low space reveals that our method effectively learns degradation features from unlabelled *** approach highlights the promise of utilising semi-supervised learning to reduce the data demand for reliability monitoring of energy devices.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Battery degradation Remaining useful life Semi-supervised learning

Advancements in implantable temperature sensors:Materials,mechanisms,and biological applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第1期46卷 166-177页

作者： Zhuofan Yang Hongcheng Song He Ding Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Urology Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China

Implantable temperature sensors are revolutionizing physiological monitoring and playing a crucial role in diagnostics,therapeutics,and life sciences *** review classifies the materials used in these sensors into three categories:metal-based,inorganic semiconductor,and organic semiconductor ***-based materials are widely used in medical and industrial applications due to their linearity,stability,and *** semiconductors provide rapid response times and high miniaturization potential,making them promising for biomedical and environmental *** semiconductors offer high sensitivity and ease of processing,enabling the development of flexible and stretchable *** review analyzes recent studies for each material type,covering design principles,performance characteristics,and applications,highlighting key advantages and challenges regarding miniaturization,sensitivity,response time,and ***,critical performance parameters of implantable temperature sensors based on different material types are summarized,providing valuable references for future sensor design and *** future development of implantable temperature sensors is discussed,focusing on improving biocompatibility,long-term stability,and multifunctional *** advancements are expected to expand the application potential of implantable sensors in telemedicine and dynamic physiological monitoring.

关键词： implantable temperature sensors biological applications flexible electronics

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Nonlinear optical oscillation in on-chip erbium-doped lithium niobate microring resonators

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 116-122页

作者： Ru Zhang Xianhong Zeng Xueshan Zheng Chen Yang Dahuai Zheng Hongde Liu Xuanyi Yu Feng Gao Fang Bo Yongfa Kong Guoquan Zhang Jingjun Xu School of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal University MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear photonics TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics Nankai University

Erbium-doped lithium niobate(LN) on insulator active devices, such as lasers and amplifiers, have received increasing attention. The nonlinear optical oscillation in them at high power destabilizes the output of signals and cannot be ignored. In this study, we reported the experimental observation and theoretical analysis of the nonlinear optical oscillation in erbiumdoped lithium niobate-on-insulator(LNOI) microring resonators while scanning the pump wavelength. Under the same pump power, the number of oscillation cycles decreases when the wavelength scanning rate increases from 10.6 to 33.9 nm/μs. A theoretical model based on the competition between the thermo-optic nonlinearity and the photorefractive effect was introduced to interpret the oscillation in transmission. A series of parameters were obtained from the comparison between the theoretical and experimental results; some of them, the relaxation rates of the thermal and the electric field, are significantly different from those of undoped LNOI microcavities. This work provides a valuable reference for future applications of active LNOI devices.

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High peak power mini-array quantum cascade lasers operating in pulsed mode

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 339-342页

作者： Yuhang Zhang Yupei Wang Xiaoyue Luo Chenhao Qian Yang Cheng Wu Zhao Fangyuan Sun Jun Wang Zheng-Ming Sun Southeast University-Monash University Joint Graduate School(Suzhou) Southeast UniversitySuzhou 215125China School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Huaiyin institute of Technology Huaian 223003China Suzhou Everbright photonics Co. Ltd.Suzhou 215163China

Broad area quantum cascade lasers(BA QCLs)have significant applications in many areas,but suffer from demanding pulse operating conditions and poor beam quality due to heat accumulation and generation of high order modes.A structure of mini-array is adopted to improve the heat dissipation capacity and beam quality of BA *** active region is etched to form a multi-emitter and the channels are filled with In P:Fe,which acts as a lateral heat dissipation channel to improve the lateral heat dissipation efficiency.A device withλ~4.8μm,a peak output power of 122 W at 1.2%duty cycle with a pulse of 1.5μs is obtained in room temperature,with far-field single-lobed *** result allows BA QCLs to obtain high peak power at wider pump pulse widths and higher duty cycle conditions,promotes the application of the mid-infrared laser operating in pulsed mode in th e field of standoff photoacoustic chemical detection,space optical communication,and so on.

关键词： quantum cascade laser mini-array thermal management

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Correction of laser sweeping nonlinearities using ultralow-loss on-chip 7 m spiral resonators

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photonics Research 2025年第1期13卷 40-48页

作者： OSAMA TERRA WARREN JIN HUSSEIN KOTB JOEL GUO JOHN E.BOWERS Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Primary Length and Laser Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards Anello photonics Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams University

Swept laser interferometry is an extremely powerful solution embedded in several recent technologies such as absolute distance measurement,light detection and ranging (LiDAR),optical frequency domain reflectometry,optical coherence tomography,microresonator characterization,and gas *** in the optical frequency sweeping of tunable lasers is a fatal drawback in gaining the expected outcome from these ***,we introduce an on-chip,millimeter-scale,7 m spiral resonator that is made of ultralow-loss Si3N4to act as a frequency ruler for correction of the tunable lasers sweeping *** sharp 2 MHz frequency lines of the 8.5×107high-quality factor resonator and the narrow-spaced 25.566 MHz frequency ticks of the 7 m spiral allow unprecedented precision for an on-chip solution to correct the laser sweeping *** measurements of the ruler’s frequency spacing,linewidth,and temperature and wavelength sensitivities of the frequency ticks are performed here to demonstrate the quality of the frequency *** addition,the spiral resonator is implemented in an frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR experiment to demonstrate a potential application of the proposed on-chip frequency ruler.

关键词： Absolute distance measurement High power lasers Optical coherence tomography Optical frequency domain reflectometry Tunable diode lasers Tunable lasers

连续拉曼光纤激光器光学湍流特征与影响因素探究

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光学学报 2025年

作者：何正樟刘逸文 Sergei Turitsyn 舒学文华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心 Aston institute of photonics Technologies Aston University

激光湍流是一种腔内相干态被破坏而产生的一种非线性演化现象，连续光纤激光器作为一个典型的非线性系统，也成为研究激光湍流现象的良好平台。我们利用耦合非线性薛定谔方程对连续拉曼光纤激光器的湍流现象进行建模，对层流态和湍流态... 详细信息

激光湍流是一种腔内相干态被破坏而产生的一种非线性演化现象，连续光纤激光器作为一个典型的非线性系统，也成为研究激光湍流现象的良好平台。我们利用耦合非线性薛定谔方程对连续拉曼光纤激光器的湍流现象进行建模，对层流态和湍流态的差异性进行表征，分析泵浦功率、腔长、以及光纤布拉格光栅反射镜的带宽对于腔内激光运转状态的影响。仿真实验表明，较大的泵浦功率和较短的腔长都会让腔内非线性效应占据主导地位，降低激光演化的相干性，使得腔内的激光从层流态转变到湍流态。只有一个很窄的光纤布拉格光栅反射带宽区间能让激光系统工作在层流态，因为维持层流态稳定演化对激光模式有严格的要求。这项研究可为更好地开展激光湍流的实验提供理论指导，对于更好地设计连续光纤光纤激光器以及更好地理解非线性物理系统中湍流现象具有重要意义。

关键词：连续拉曼光纤激光器非线性光学光学湍流暗孤子

Materials and devices for high‐density,high‐throughput micro‐electrocorticography arrays

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 17-28页

作者： Yang Xie Yanxiu Peng Jinhong Guo Muyang Liu Bozhen Zhang Lan Yin He Ding Xing Sheng Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyInstitute for Precision MedicineLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The pursuit of precisely recording and localizing neural activities in brain cortical regions drives the development of advanced electrocorticography(ECoG)*** progress has led to the emergence of micro-ECoG(μECoG)devices with sub-millimeter *** review presents the current research status,development directions,potential innovations and applications of high-density,high-throughputμECoG ***,we summarize the challenges associated with accurately recording single or multiple neurons using existingμECoG devices,including passive multielectrode and active transistor ***,we focus on cutting-edge advancements in passiveμECoG devices by discussing the design principles and fabrication strategies to optimize three key parameters:impedance,mechanical flexibility,and ***,recent findings highlight the need for further research and development in active transistor arrays,including silicon,metal oxide,and solution-gated *** active transistor arrays have the potential to unlock the capabilities of high-density,high-throughputμECoG devices and overcome the limitations of passive multielectrode *** review explores the potential innovations and applications ofμECoG devices,showcasing their effectiveness for both brain science research and clinical applications.

关键词： Electrocorticography Micro-electrocorticography Flexible electronics Bioelectronics Neural electrode array

Multi-protocol relay chaining for large-scale quantum key distribution networks

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 80-94页

作者： Yuan Cao Xiaosong Yu Yongli Zhao Chunhui Zhang Xingyu Zhou Jie Zhang Qin Wang institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China State Key Laboratory of Information photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

As the first stage of the quantum Internet,quantum key distribution(QKD)networks hold the promise of providing long-term security for diverse *** existing QKD networks have been constructed based on independent QKD protocols,and they commonly rely on the deployment of single-protocol trusted relay chains for long *** by the evolution of QKD protocols,large-scale QKD networking is expected to migrate from a single-protocol to a multi-protocol paradigm,during which some useful evolutionary elements for the later stages of the quantum Internet may be *** this work,we delve into a pivotal technique for large-scale QKD networking,namely,multi-protocol relay chaining.A multi-protocol relay chain is established by connecting a set of trusted/untrusted relays relying on multiple QKD protocols between a pair of QKD *** structures of diverse multi-protocol relay chains are described,based on which the associated model is formulated and the policies are defined for the deployment of multi-protocol relay ***,we propose three multi-protocol relay chaining *** simulations indicate that the designed heuristics can effectively reduce the number of trusted relays deployed and enhance the average security level versus the commonly used single-protocol trusted relay chaining methods on backbone network topologies.

关键词： quantum communications quantum networks trusted relay untrusted relay