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Dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes:a 16-year prospective cohort study

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Lu Gan Yi Yang Bin Zhao Kai Yu Kehua Guo Fang Fang Zhiguang Zhou Demetrius Albanes Jiaqi Huang Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University CSU-Sinocare Research Center for Nutrition and Metabolic Health Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityFurong Laboratory Division of Cancer epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute NIH Department of Health and Human Services School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Despite considerable research underscoring the importance of carbohydrate intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D), a comprehensive assessment of this relationship is currently lacking. We aimed to examine the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with the risk of T2D, to evaluate potential effect modification by other factors, including genetic susceptibility,and to explore the potential mediators for such associations. The present study included 161,872 participants of the UK Biobank who were free of prevalent cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and had at least one validated 24-h dietary recall assessment. Multivariableadjusted age-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) for the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with risk of T2D. During a median follow-up of13.6 years, 4,176 incident cases of T2D were identified. In the multivariable-adjusted models, a greater intake of fiber, carbohydrates from whole grains, and carbohydrates from non-starchy vegetables was significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95% CI]=0.70 [0.62–0.79], 0.74 [0.67–0.82], and 0.83 [0.75–0.92], respectively, all P for trend <0.005). In contrast, a higher intake of starch and carbohydrate from starchy vegetables was associated with an increased risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95%CI]=1.31 [1.16–1.48] and 1.19 [1.09–1.31], respectively, both P for trend <0.005). Replacing one serving of refined grains or starchy vegetables with an equal amount of whole grains or non-starchy vegetables was associated with 4% to 10% lower risk of T2D(all P values <0.001).The observed associations were generally similar across population subgroups, including individuals with different genetic susceptibility to T2D. Mediation analyses of the inverse association between T

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An approach to incorporate linkage disequilibrium structure into genomic association analysis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第6期35卷 381-385页

作者： Diane Wagener Statistics and epidemiology Unit Research Triangle Institute

In this study, we propose to use the principal component analysis （PCA） and regression model to incorporate linkage disequilibrium （LD） in genomic association data analysis. To accommodate LD in genomic data and reduce multiple testing, we suggest performing PCA and extracting the PCA score to capture the variation of genomic data, after which regression analysis is used to assess the association of the disease with the principal component score. An empirical analysis result shows that both genotype-based correlation matrix and haplotype-based LD matrix can produce similar results for PCA. Principal component score seems to be more powerful in detecting genetic association because the principal component score is quantitatively measured and may be able to capture the effect of multiple loci.

关键词： genetic association analysis principal component analysis linkage disequilibrium

Mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus genotypes replacement based on human,porcine and mosquito-originated cell lines model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第4期9卷 325-328页

作者： Loan Phuong Do Trang Minh Bui Nga Thi Phan National institute of Hygiene and epidemiology

Objective:To examine the multiplication efficiency Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)genotype Ⅰ(G Ⅰ) and genotype Ⅲ(GⅢ) of different cell lines which originated from human,porcine,mosquitoes in order to prove mechanism of JEV G Ⅰ replacement JEV GⅢ since it emerging in nature recent ***:The mixture of Gi and GⅢ JEV isolates was inoculated on human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD).pig kidney epithelial(PS) and Aedes albopictus C6/36 clone(C6/36) which originated from human,porcine and mosquitoes,*** assays were performed to calculate virus titer and real-time RT-PCR with GⅠand GⅢspecific primer sets to quantify the number of GⅠ and GUI RNA ***:The highest virus titer reached at the 3rd day of post infection when G Ⅰand GⅢ mixture was inoculated on RD and PS and that of C636 was at the 4^(th)*** were amplified and maintained by C6/36 cells after 10 passages whereas that by RD and PS only limited within 8 and 6 passages,respectively.GⅠ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on C6/36 and PS but not *** GⅢ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on ***:There is a correlation between the multiplication efficiency of GⅠ and GⅢ JEV strains when these two genotype strains co-infected on different cell lines with the predominance of GⅠstrains in C6/36 and PS and the limited detection of G 1 strains in RD cells proving a possible mechanism of shift JEV genotypes in nature recent decades since GⅠ emerging.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Genotype I Genotype Ⅲ Multiplication Shift genotype

Pandora of Ebola virus: are we ready?

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第32期59卷 4235-4236页

作者： Ruifu Yang Beijing institute of Microbiology and epidemiology

在 2014 年 3 月 23 日，畿尼的健康的部通知了在东南的 forested 区域的 Ebola 病毒疾病(EVD ) 的很快传播的爆发，并且 4 ? 天以后，疾病被证实被传给 Conakry，畿尼的首都。疾病很快也传播了到利比里亚，尼日利亚和塞拉利昂。2014 年... 详细信息

在 2014 年 3 月 23 日，畿尼的健康的部通知了在东南的 forested 区域的 Ebola 病毒疾病(EVD ) 的很快传播的爆发，并且 4 ? 天以后，疾病被证实被传给 Conakry，畿尼的首都。疾病很快也传播了到利比里亚，尼日利亚和塞拉利昂。2014 年 7 月 27 日，累积数字证实(909 ) ，可能(276 ) 并且在上述四个国家的嫌疑犯(138 ) EVD 盒子到达了 1,323，包括 729 死亡(与 55.1 的死亡率 ?%)(http://***/csr/don/2014_07_31_ebola/en/) 。这是 EVD 的最大的爆发直到现在并且第一次疾病在韦斯特检测了非洲。

关键词：埃博拉病毒 EVD 森林地区利比里亚塞拉利昂尼日利亚 HTTP 几内亚

An inhibitor selective for collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation from the salivary glands of hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis and its mechanism of action

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Science China(Life Sciences) 1999年第5期42卷 457-464页

作者：程远国吴厚永李德昌 institute of Microbiology and epidemiology Beijing China

Soluble materials of salivary glands from Haemaphysalis longicornis were found to inhibit collagen, ADP, and thrombin- stimulated platelet aggregation. One inhibitory component was purified to salivary gland homogeneity by a combination of gel filtration, ion-exchange, and C8 reverse phase HPLC. The purified activity, named longicomin, is a protein of molecular weight 16 000 on SDS-PAGE under both reduced and nonreduced conditions. Collagen-mediated aggregation of platelets in plasma and of washed platelets (IC50 was approximately 60 nmol/L) was inhibited with the same efficacy. No inhibition of aggregation stimulated by other effectors, including ADP, arachidonic acid, thrombin, risto-cetin, calcium ionophore A23187, thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 and 12-0-phorbol-13-myristate acetate, was observed . Longiconin had no effect on platelet adhension to collagen. Not only platelet aggregation but also release reaction, and increase of intracellar Ca2+ level of platelets in response to collagen were completely eliminated by longicomin . Increasing amounts of collagen are able to overcome the inhibition of aggregation by longicomin, indicating that longicomin probably shares with collagen a common receptor. In addition, collagen fibers did not emit fluorescence after incubation with isothocyanate-conjugated longicomin, indicating that longicomin did not bind directly to collagen fibers. The identification and isolation of longicomin demonstrates the existence of a new type of platelet inhibitor that should be useful to better understand the mechanism of collagen stimulation of platelets.

关键词： Haemaphysalis longicornis salivary gland longicornin collagen antiplatelet.

Study on the determinants of suckling mice neurovirulence of dengue 2 virus

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2003年第1期46卷 95-103页

作者：赵卫范宝昌胡志君陈水平王鹏程苑锡同李晓萸于曼秦鄂德杨佩英 institute of Microbiology & epidemiology Academy of Military Medical Sciences

pDVWS501 was a genomic-length cDNA clone of dengue 2 virus, through which infec-tious virus (MON501) could be rescued. MON501 was neurovirulent in mice, whose E residues 62 and 203 were Lys and Asn, respectively. Two genomic-length cDNA clones (TB62 and TB203) were constructed by pointed mutation of pDVWS501 with OL-PCR, E62 of TB62 and E203 of TB203 were converted to Glu and Asp, respectively. RNA transcripts of pDVWS501, TB62 and TB203 were produced in vitro and electroporated into BHK-21 cells. The cultures were collected after 7 days and used as inoculum to infect C6/36 cells. The existence of rescued dengue viruses in the culture was proved by RT-PCR, and the typical cytopathic effect (CPE) of C6/36 caused by dengue virus emerged after 2—5 days?inoculation. Sequence analysis further confirmed the exis-tence of recovered and recombinant DEN2 viruses, whose 5′ termini had an additional non-virus nucleotides 揋? while the 3′ terminal sequences remained the same as natural. The neuroviru-lence of three viruses was evaluated in 1-day-old mice by the intracerebral route with 105—102 TCID50. Compared with MON501 group, the number of infected mice with the signs of encephalitis in HFT62 and HFT203 groups was less, and the surviving time was longer. The properties of these mutants demonstrated that E62 and E203 are determinants of suckling mice neurovirulence.

关键词： dengue 2 virus, virulent determinants, infectious transcripts, point mutation.

Assessment of the risk of infectious aerosols leaking to the environment from BSL-3 laboratory HEPA air filtration systems using model bacterial aerosols

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Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 82-87页

作者： Zhanbo Wen Wenhui Yang Na Li Jie Wang Lingfei Hu Jinsong Li Zhe Yin Ke Zhang Xiaokai Dong State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology

To assess the risk of infectious bacterial aerosols leaking to the environment, the filtration efficiency of a biosafety level 3 （BSL-3） laboratory high-efficiency particulate （HEPA） filter was investigated using the aerosolized bacteria Serratia marcescens. The aerosol size was measured using an Andersen sampler. Eight first stage HEPA filters （numbered 1-87 were distributed in contaminated labs and exhausts from each of the first stage HEPA filters were aggregated and filtered through one second stage HEPA filter before being released to the environment. In total, 8 first-stage and I second-stage HEPA filters from the BSL-3 air purification system were analyzed. No S. marcescens was detected in first stage filters 1,2, 4, 5, 7 and 8 and the second stage HEPA filter. The filtration efficiencies against aerosolized S. marcescens were 〉99.9999%. First stage filter numbers 3 and 6 had filtration efficiencies of 99.9825% and 99.9906% respectively. When filter number 3 was replaced by a new filter and the bracket for filter number 6 was sealed, no aerosolized S. marcescens was detected in the filtered air. Our work suggests that the BSL-3 laboratory HEPA filter air purification system is effective against bacterial aerosols, with little to no bacterial leakage into the environment.

关键词： Bacterial aerosolFiltration efficiencyHEPA filtersSerratia marcescens

Development of Cell Lines Stably Expressing Staphylococcal Nuclease Fused to Dengue 2 Virus Capsid Protein for CTVI

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第8期36卷 577-582页

作者： Cheng-Feng QIN and E-De QIN institute of Microbiology and epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China institute of Microbiology and epidemiology Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing 100071 China

To explore the potential application of capsid-targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) strategy in prophylactic model against dengue virus (DV) infection, here we fused a Ca2+-dependent nuclease, staphylococcal nuclease (SN), to the capsid protein of dengue 2 virus (D2C) at the carboxyl terminal, and constructed the desired expression plasmid pc/D2C-SN and control plasmids pc/D2C-SN* and pc/D2C. A mammalian cell line BHK-21 was transfected by electroporation with those plasmids and thereafter selected by 5 μg/ml blasticidin. The resistant cell clones were then expanding cultured and screened by RT-PCR and Western Blot assays. The nuclease activity of the expressed fusion protein D2C-SN was analyzed by in vitro DNA digestion assay. It was confirmed cell lines stably expressing D2C-SN and control constructs were obtained. The intracellular expressed fusion protein D2C-SN had ideal nuclease activity and no cytotoxicity on mammalian cells. Those engineered cell lines provided the experimental system for CTVI application in prophylactic model and paved the new road for combating DV infection with CTVI.

关键词： dengue 2 virus capsid protein staphylococcal nuclease CTVI stable expression

Estimated prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in rac-coon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides in northern Branden- burg, Germany

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 655-661页

作者： Sabine SCHWARZ Astrid SUTOR Christoph STAUBACH Roswitha MATTIS Kirsten TACKMANN Franz Josef CONRATHS Friedrich-Loeffier-Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal Health Institute of Epidemiology 16868 Wusterhausen Germany

Human alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the larval stage of the small fox tapeworm, is a lethal zoonotic infection if left untreated. E. multilocularis is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and lives in the small intestines of carnivores, mainly canids. The main definitive host of E. multilocularis in European countries is the red fox Vulpes vulpes and in the last ten years new endemic areas for the parasite in Central Europe have been identified. In some areas, for instance in Germany, the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides - a spreading neozoon - must be regarded as an additional definitive host for E. multilocularis. In 2001 this parasite was found for the first time in raccoon dogs in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. Between 2000 and 2008, 1,252 raccoon dogs from Brandenburg were examined by the Intestinal Scraping Technique. The majority of samples were obtained in five northern counties and all 60 animals that tested positive for E. multilocularis were located there. The estimated true prevalence calculated by a beta-binomial- model ranged from 6%-12% [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 655-661, 2011].

关键词： Zoonosis Invasive species Echinococcosis Germany Raccoon dog