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Impact of doping profiles on the formation of laser-active centers in bismuth-doped GeO_(2)–SiO_(2)glass fibers

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 260-270页

作者： SERGEY ALYSHEV ALEXANDER VAKHRUSHEV ALEKSANDR KHEGAI ELENA FIRSTOVA KONSTANTIN RIUMKIN MIKHAIL MELKUMOV LYUDMILA ISKHAKOVA ANDREY UMNIKOV SERGEI FIRSTOV Prokhorov General physics institute of the russian academy of sciences Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center119333 MoscowRussia Devyatykh institute of Chemistry of High-Purity Substances of the russian academy of sciences 603951 Nizhny NovgorodRussia

Multi-wavelength-band transmission technology based on the exploitation of the extended spectral region is considered as a potential approach to increase the transmission capacity in the deployed fiber-optic communication *** development of optical amplifiers operating in the O-,E-,S-,and U-telecom bands is an extremely important challenge for the successful implementation of this ***-doped fibers are of increasing interest as gain materials,which can be used to provide broadband amplification in the mentioned telecom *** is due to the ability of Bi ions incorporated into glass network to form bismuth active centers(BACs)with specific optical properties,which are primarily determined by the glass *** this work,the impact of the doping profiles of both Ge atoms as glass modifiers and Bi ions on the BACs formation is studied using a series of bismuth-doped fibers fabricated by the modified chemical vapor deposition(MCVD)*** Bi-to-BACs conversion efficiency in various spatial regions of the studied samples is *** is turned out that for high-Bi concentration regions,the conversion efficiency is very low(less than 10%).In addition,the relationship of the conversion efficiency to the distribution of Bi ions and/or Ge atoms is ***,a continuous-wave laser at 1.46μm with a record slope efficiency of 80%is demonstrated using a Bi-doped fiber with confined doping profile,where the Bi-to-BACs conversion efficiency is 35%.This paper provides new information which might help to facilitate understanding of the features of Bi-doped fibers and their potentially achievable characteristics.

关键词： fiber fibers bismuth

Accurate estimation of Li/Ni mixing degree of lithium nickel oxide cathode materials

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Chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 631-635页

作者：陈鹏浩徐磊禹习谦李泓 institute of physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Frontier Research Center on Clean Energy Huairou DivisionInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China

Li/Ni mixing negatively influences the discharge capacity of lithium nickel oxide and high-nickel ternary cathode ***,accurately measuring the Li/Ni mixing degree is difficult due to the preferred orientation of labbased XRD measurements using Bragg–Brentano ***,we find that employing spherical harmonics in Rietveld refinement to eliminate the preferred orientation can significantly decrease the measurement error of the Li/Ni mixing *** Li/Ni mixing ratio obtained from Rietveld refinement with spherical harmonics shows a strong correlation with discharge capacity,which means the electrochemical capacity of lithium nickel oxide and high-nickel ternary cathode can be estimated by the Li/Ni mixing *** findings provide a simple and accurate method to estimate the Li/Ni mixing degree,which is valuable to the structural analysis and screening of the synthesis conditions of lithium nickel oxide and high-nickel ternary cathode materials.

关键词： lithium nickel oxide high-nickel ternary cathode Li/Ni mixing spherical harmonics function discharge capacity

Efficient cold atom source from a single-layer atom chip

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 108-113页

作者： Petr Skakunenko Darya Bykova Anton Afanasiev Alexey Kalmykov Roman Kirtaev Victor Balykin institute of Spectroscopy russian academy of sciences Moscow institute of physics and Technology Skolkovo institute of Science and Technology National Research University Higher School of Economics Emerging Technologies Research Center XPANCEO

We developed a new single-layer atom chip with an additional U-shaped current-carrying *** new U-shaped microwire creates optimized magnetic field distribution,which increases the trapping volume of a magneto-optical trap（MOT） near the *** approach allows one to localize more atoms,while a setup remains relatively simple （single-layer approach） and consumes low current （up to 10 A）. The total number of trapped87Rb atoms in our setup is 5×10～7.

关键词： Bose Einstein condensates Laser beams Laser cooling Optical clocks Quantum noise Rubidium

The Observed Near-Surface Energy Exchange Processes over Arctic Glacier in Summer

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 600-607页

作者： Libo ZHOU Jinhuan ZHU Linlin KONG Peng LI Shupo MA Fei LI Han ZOU Meigen ZHANG Irina REPINA Department of Lower Atmospheric Observation and Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Department of Weather Forecast Aviation Meteorological Centre of Air Traffic Management BureauCivil Aviation Administration of ChinaBeijing100015China A.M.Obukhov institute of Atmospheric physics Russian Academy of Sciences(RAS)Moscow119017Russian Federation

Under Arctic warming,near-surface energy transfers have significantly changed,but few studies have focused on energy exchange over Arctic glacier due to limitations in available *** this study,the atmospheric energy exchange processes over the Arctic glacier surface were analyzed by using observational data obtained in summer 2019 in comparison with those over the Arctic tundra *** energy budget over the glacier greatly differed from that over the tundra,characterized by less net shortwave radiation and downward sensible heat flux,due to the high albedo and icy *** of the incoming solar radiation was injected into the glacier in summer,leading to snow ice *** the observation period,strong daily variations in near-surface heat transfer occurred over the Arctic glacier,with the maximum downward and upward heat fluxes occurring on 2 and 6 July 2019,*** analyses suggested that the maximum downward heat flux is mainly caused by the strong local thermal contrast above the glacier surface,while the maximum upward heat transfer cannot be explained by the classical turbulent heat transfer theory,possibly caused by countergradient heat *** results indicated that the near-surface energy exchange processes over Arctic glacier may be strongly related to local forcings,but a more in-depth investigation will be needed in the future when more observational data become available.

关键词： Arctic glacier tundra energy exchange processes

Perspective of alkaline zinc-based flow batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 260-275页

作者： Zhizhang Yuan Xianfeng Li division of Energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 110623China

Energy storage technologies have been identified as the key in constructing new electric power systems and achieving carbon neutrality,as they can absorb and smooth the renewables-generated *** zinc-based flow batteries are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications,since they feature the advantages of high safety,high cell voltage and low ***,many alkaline zinc-based flow batteries have been proposed and developed,e.g.,the alkaline zinc–iron flow battery and alkaline zinc–nickel flow *** development and application are closely related to advanced materials and battery *** this perspective,we will first provide a brief introduction and discussion of alkaline zinc-based flow *** we focus on these batteries from the perspective of their current status,challenges and *** bottlenecks for these batteries are briefly *** with the practical requirements and development trends of alkaline zinc-based flow battery technologies,their future development and research direction will be summarized.

关键词： energy storage alkaline zinc-based flow batteries advanced materials battery structure

Stretchable on-skin touchless screen sensor enabled by ionic hydrogel

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4462-4470页

作者： Tianxing Feng Dan Ling Chaoyue Li Wentao Zheng Shichuan Zhang Chang Li Artem Emel’yanov Alexander S.Pozdnyakov Lijun Lu Yanchao Mao Key Laboratory of Materials physics of Ministry of Education School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China A.E.Favorsky Irkutsk institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutsk 664033Russian Federation

Screen sensors are the most commonly used human-machine interfaces in our everyday life,which have been extensively applied in personal electronics like *** screen sensors are attracting growing interest due to their distinct advantages of high interaction freedom,comfortability,and hand ***,the material compositions of current touchless screen sensors are rigid and fragile,hardly meeting the needs of wearable and stretchable on-skin electronics ***,these touchless screen sensors are also restricted by high power consumption,limited gesture types of recognition,and the requirement of light ***,we report a stretchable on-skin touchless screen sensor(OTSS)enabled by an ionic hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG).Compared with current touchless screen sensors,the OTSS is stretchable,self-powered,and competent to recognize diverse gestures by making use of charges naturally carried on fingers without the need of sufficient light *** on-skin noncontact screen operating system is further demonstrated on the basis of the OTSS,which could unlock a cellphone interface in touchless operation mode on the human *** work for the first time introduces the on-skin touchless concept to screen sensors and offers a direction to develop new-generation screen sensors for future cellphones and personal electronics.

关键词： human-machine interface stretchable ionic hydrogel triboelectric nanogenerator self-powered sensor

Interface and mechanical degradation mechanisms of the silicon anode in sulfide-based solid-state batteries at high temperatures

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Chinese physics B 2024年第8期33卷 117-126页

作者：王秋辰黄昱力许晶禹习谦李泓陈立泉 Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Huairou division Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Silicon(Si)is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical ***,the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries(SSBs)has been proposed due to less solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation and particle ***,major challenges arise for Si anodes in SSBs at elevated *** this work,the failure mechanisms of Si-Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl(LPSC)composite anodes above 80℃are thoroughly investigated from the perspectives of interface stability and(electro)chemo-mechanical *** chemistry and growth kinetics of Lix Si|LPSC interphase are demonstrated by combining electrochemical,chemical and computational *** and/or Si–P compound formed at Lix Si|LPSC interface prove to be detrimental to interface stability at high *** the other hand,excessive volume expansion and local stress caused by Si lithiation at high temperatures damage the mechanical structure of Si-LPSC composite *** work elucidates the behavior and failure mechanisms of Si-based anodes in SSBs at high temperatures and provides insights into upgrading Si-based anodes for application in SSBs.

关键词： sulfide electrolytes silicon anodes interface stability degradation kinetics all-solid-state batteries

SEI/dead Li-turning capacity loss for high-performance anode-free solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 145-152页

作者： Qianwen Yin Tianyu Li Hongzhang Zhang Guiming Zhong Xiaofei Yang Xianfeng Li division of Energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Long-Duration and Large-Scale Energy Storage Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-Electrochemistry and Lithium-Ion Batteries Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

Anode-free solid-state lithium metal batteries(AF-SSLBs)have the potential to deliver higher energy density and improved safety beyond lithium-metal ***,the unclear mechanism for the fast capacity decay in AF-SSLBs,either determined by dead Li or solid electrolyte interface(SEI),limits the proposal of effective strategies to prolong cycling *** clarify the underlying mechanism,herein,the evolution of SEI and dead Li is quantitatively analyzed by a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(ss-NMR)technology in a typical LiPF6-based polymer *** results show that the initial capacity loss is attributed to the formation of SEI,while the dead Li dominates the following capacity loss and the growth rate is 0.141 mA h cm^(−2)cycle−*** reduce the active Li loss,the combination of inorganic-rich SEI and self-healing electrostatic shield effect is proposed to improve the reversibility of Li deposition/dissolution behavior,which reduces the capacity loss rate for the initial SEI and following dead Li generation by 2.3 and 20.1 folds,*** a result,the initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)and stable CE increase by 15.1%and 15.3%in Li-Cu cells,which guides the rational design of high-performance AF-SSLBs.

关键词： Solid-state lithium batteries Solid-state NMR Anode-free SEI Dead Li

Cationic ordering transition in oxygen-redox layered oxide cathodes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 197-206页

作者： Xinyan Li Ang Gao Qinghua Zhang Hao Yu Pengxiang Ji Dongdong Xiao Xuefeng Wang Dong Su Xiaohui Rong Xiqian Yu Hong Li Yong-Sheng Hu Lin Gu Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Huairou DivisionInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Understanding the structural origin of the competition between oxygen 2p and transition-metal 3d orbitals in oxygen-redox(OR)layered oxides is eminently desirable for exploring reversible and high-energy-density Li/Na-ion ***,we reveal the correlation between cationic ordering transition and OR degradation in ribbon-ordered P3-Na_(0.6)Li_(0.2)Mn_(0.8)O_(2) via in situ structural *** two different voltage windows,the OR capacity can be improved approximately twofold when suppressing the in-plane cationic ordering *** find that the intralayer cationic migration is promoted by electrochemical reduction from Mn^(4+)to Jahn–Teller Mn^(3+)and the concomitant NaO_(6) stacking transformation from triangular prisms to octahedra,resulting in the loss of ribbon ordering and electrochemical ***-principles calculations reveal that Mn^(4+)/Mn^(3+)charge ordering and alignment of the degenerate eg orbital induce lattice-level collective Jahn–Teller distortion,which favors intralayer Mn-ion migration and thereby accelerates OR *** findings unravel the relationship between in-plane cationic ordering and OR reversibility and highlight the importance of superstructure protection for the rational design of reversible OR-active layered oxide cathodes.

关键词： cationic ordering layered oxide cathodes oxygen redox sodium-ion batteries